Area 5: Habilitation: Orientation and Mobility

This area of the CFVI, which has close alignment with sensory development (Area 2), recognises the importance of teaching children and young people with vision impairment to be able to navigate the world around them, and to be able to move safely and with confidence from one place to the next. It recognises the importance of each child/young person being supported to be as independent as possible, in an age appropriate way. It also recognises that other conditions (e.g. learning and/or physical disabilities) may have an influence on how movement is achieved and taught. Much of the teaching should be undertaken by, or under the direction of, a registered qualified habilitation specialists (RQHS) or (particularly as the young person moves into adult services) a rehabilitation worker (vision impairment).

For more information regarding this element of the framework, please download the Curriculum Framework for Children and Young People with Vision Impairment (CFVI) and accompanying guidance.

Examples of targeted intervention approaches

• Body awareness.
• Motor skills development (fine and gross) – the ability to move and interact with one’s immediate and distant environment.
• Engaging actively with surroundings.
• Using senses to navigate environment. 
• Development of spatial cognition including mental maps of the environment.
• Navigating home environment.
• Walking safely indoors.
• Navigating indoor environments.
• Working with a sighted guide.
• Walking safely outdoors.
• Using landmarks.
• Planning safe and efficient routes.
• Using tactile maps for orientation and mobility.
• Navigating outdoor environments, including road safety.
• Using mobility aids, including from an early age. This would include a full range of potential mobility aids, e.g. various canes, guide dog, electronic devices (including specialist Apps and equipment), smart wheelchair with switch.
• Using public transport.
• Travelling alone, including interacting with the general public.
• Travelling to unfamiliar places.
• Accessing information in public places.
• Understanding own needs and knowing when to ask for help.
• Core functional skills for sports and fitness.

Use of resources in practice

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