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Staphylococcus aureus: Interplay between Bacteria and Hosts

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic human pathogen that colonizes the mucosal surfaces. It is the causative agent of various serious acute and chronic infections. Recent prevalence of infectious diseases caused and expanded by hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (HA-MRSA), community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) and livestock-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (LA-MRSA). MRSA infections must be more serious problem in near future. It is presumed that offense and defense responses are continuously executed between S. aureus and host to establish and maintain commensalism for S. aureus. Therefore, it is essential to elucidate interplay between S. aureus and hosts to prevent staphylococcal infectious diseases. This book is comprised of content that focuses on this aspect.

Plant Holobiome Engineering for Climate-Smart Agriculture (Sustainable Plant Nutrition in a Changing World)

This edited volume is an inclusive collection of information on crop holobiome, their function and diversity, the plausible role of soil microbes in crop growth, protection from pathogens and stresses, the use of resilient microbiomes for changing climate, and the use of new technologies to study plant-insect-microbe molecular interactions in agricultural systems.Holobiomes provide information about both plants and their microbiomes, which gives a more comprehensive insight, particularly for changing climatic scenarios. By optimizing the crop holobime function crop productivity and plant health can be enhanced manifold. This book deep dives into the numerous ways in which holobiome supports the improving plant health, nutrient uptake, disease control, and stress resistance in major food crops. It helps researchers, academicians, agri-entrepreneurs, and technologists understand the structure and function of holobiomes in crop growth, health, stress tolerance under climatic changes, and holobiome diversity and evolution. The book is also helpful in designing new dimensions in the holobiome research and development of new products and technologies.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students. This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.This volume is of interest a

Business and Management in Asia: Disruption and Change

This book focuses on “Disruption and Change” in the Asian region. In this context, managers and policymakers face a fast transformation of existing structures and business environments. From a business perspective, change is the adoption of business strategies, activities, and operations that meet the needs of the firm and its stakeholder today while protecting, sustaining, and enhancing the human and natural resources that will be needed in the future. Disruption refers to the radical changes in existing industries or markets due to technological innovation breakthroughs. There is a consensus among scholars and practitioners that organizations must manage the change well to flourish in a competitive business environment. Many business models need to be rethought to establish new ways to stay competitive. The book, with its practical examples, gives the reader impulses for new Asian’s approaches and encourages the readers to dare to think and act in new ways.

Rare Genetic Disorders: Advancements in Diagnosis and Treatment

This book introduces different Rare Genetic Disorders (RGDs), and challenges in their diagnosis. The chapters of the book discuss the emerging research and clinical approaches for the diagnosis of rare genetic disorders. It further reviews the future of genetic therapies for the treatment of rare genetic diseases and examine the recent advancements in the field of genetic testing for the diagnosis of these diseases. The book also covers the role of variants in the genome (genetic modifiers) that alleviate (suppress) or exacerbate (enhance) the severity of the disease, resulting in the variability of phenotypic outcomes. Further, the book examines different animal models for critical understanding of disease mechanisms, and the opportunity to evaluate the effect of therapeutic compounds in pre-clinical studies. The subsequent chapters present the state-of-the-art drug discovery strategies and biological approaches for the treatment of rare genetic disorders. Towards the end, the book reviews the current challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of the patients of rare genetic disorders and future opportunities. This book is useful for clinical geneticists, molecular and biochemical geneticists, researchers working in gene therapy and genome editing.

Corruption and Illegality in Asian Investment Arbitration (Asia in Transition #22)

This open access book explores Asian approaches towards investment arbitration—a transnational procedure to resolve disputes between a foreign investor and a host state—setting it in the wider political economy and within domestic law contexts. It considers the extent to which significant states in Asia are, or could become, “rule makers” rather than “rule takers” regarding corruption and serious illegality in investor-state arbitration. Corruption and illegality in international investment are widely condemned in any society, but there remains a lack of consensus on the consequences, especially in investment arbitration. A core issue addressed is whether a foreign investor violating a host state’s law should be awarded protection of its investment, as per its contract with the host state and/or the applicable investment or trade agreement between the home state and the host state. Some suggest such protection would be unnecessary as the investor committed a crime in the host state, while others attempt to establish an equilibrium between the investor and the host state. Others claim to protect investment, invoking the sanctity of promises made. The book starts with a deep dive into economic and legal issues in corruption and investment arbitration and then explores the situation and issues in major countries in the region in detail. It is a useful reference point for lawyers, economists, investors, and government officials who are seeking comprehensive and up-to-date information on anti-bribery rules in Asian investment treaties. It is of particular interest to students and researchers in economics, finance, and law, who are undertaking new research relating to the multifaceted impacts of corruption.

Successful Social Activism and Unintended Market Emergence: The Fight Over Foot Health and Fashion in Japan

This book demonstrates why and how social activism targeting companies can produce unintended consequences. While it is challenging for social movement organizations (SMOs) to successfully change corporate behavior, it is even more difficult or impossible for SMOs to control the spillover effects of success. Successful social activism affects companies and consumers with diverse interests and intentions beyond the initial target of SMOs, which creates various business opportunities. Entrepreneurs are mobilized by the new opportunities that they identify to initiate their own businesses, and the chain of their actions may produce new market categories unintended by the SMO, including ones that are inconsistent with its superordinate goal. This book explores the process by which an SMO succeeds in changing corporate behavior and how this success leads to unintended market emergence by longitudinally examining the shoe industry in postwar Japan. The Japan Institute of Footwear, a private organization, began advocating shoe functionality over fashion in the 1960s and succeeded in changing corporate behavior in the 1980s through learning by doing; its success led to the unintended emergence of new market categories. The book’s findings offer novel theoretical insights into the relationship between social activism and market change. The analysis also helps us understand the historical context of a movement that emerged in 2019, #KuToo—the word being an amalgam of kutsu (shoes), kutsū (pain), and #MeToo—and to consider its future.

Tribology for Energy, Environment and Society: Proceedings of International Conference on Industrial Tribology (ICIT) 2022, (IndiaTrib-2022) (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)

This book comprises the select proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Industrial Tribology (ICIT), IndiaTrib-2022, jointly organized by the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India, and the Tribology Society of India. It covers recent developments in the broad field of tribology. Apart from the traditional fields in tribology, this book also covers many new emerging fields such as artificial intelligence and machine learning applications in tribology, bio-tribology, 3D printing, etc. This book is highly useful for researchers and professionals in the field of tribology, mechanical engineering, production engineering, aerospace engineering, nuclear engineering, and engineering materials.

Knots and Primes: An Introduction to Arithmetic Topology (Universitext)

This book provides a foundation for arithmetic topology, a new branch of mathematics that investigates the analogies between the topology of knots, 3-manifolds, and the arithmetic of number fields. Arithmetic topology is now becoming a powerful guiding principle and driving force to obtain parallel results and new insights between 3-dimensional geometry and number theory.After an informative introduction to Gauss' work, in which arithmetic topology originated, the text reviews a background from both topology and number theory. The analogy between knots in 3-manifolds and primes in number rings, the founding principle of the subject, is based on the étale topological interpretation of primes and number rings. On the basis of this principle, the text explores systematically intimate analogies and parallel results of various concepts and theories between 3-dimensional topology and number theory. The presentation of these analogies begins at an elementary level, gradually building to advanced theories in later chapters. Many results presented here are new and original.References are clearly provided if necessary, and many examples and illustrations are included. Some useful problems are also given for future research. All these components make the book useful for graduate students and researchers in number theory, low dimensional topology, and geometry.This second edition is a corrected and enlarged version of the original one. Misprints and mistakes in the first edition are corrected, references are updated, and some expositions are improved. Because of the remarkable developments in arithmetic topology after the publication of the first edition, the present edition includes two new chapters. One is concerned with idelic class field theory for 3-manifolds and number fields. The other deals with topological and arithmetic Dijkgraaf–Witten theory, which supports a new bridge between arithmetic topology and mathematical physics.

Sustainable Construction Resources in Geotechnical Engineering: Select Proceedings of CREST 2023 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #448)

This book presents select proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Construction Resources for Environmentally Sustainable Technologies (CREST 2023), and focuses on sustainability, promotion of new ideas and innovations in design, construction and maintenance of geotechnical structures with the aim of contributing towards climate change adaptation and disaster resiliency to meet the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It presents latest research, information, technological advancement, practical challenges encountered, and solutions adopted in the field of geotechnical engineering for sustainable infrastructure towards climate change adaptation. This volume will be of interest to those in academia and industry alike.

Natural Geo-Disasters and Resiliency: Select Proceedings of CREST 2023 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #445)

This book presents select proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Construction Resources for Environmentally Sustainable Technologies (CREST 2023), and focuses on sustainability, promotion of new ideas and innovations in design, construction and maintenance of geotechnical structures with the aim of contributing towards climate change adaptation and disaster resiliency to meet the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It presents latest research, information, technological advancement, practical challenges encountered, and solutions adopted in the field of geotechnical engineering for sustainable infrastructure towards climate change adaptation. This volume will be of interest to those in academia and industry alike.

Visceral Pain: From Bench to Bedside

Patients with chronic visceral pain present a challenge for medical providers because of their vague presenting symptoms and frequent lack of identifiable pathology. Despite this, chronic visceral pain can be a debilitating medical condition that increases morbidity and decreases quality of life; the long-term consequences of which cause significant socioeconomic burden and debility. Covering the newest trends, studies, diagnosis and treatments in visceral pain care, as well as the pain treatment strategies that have been successfully employed in the past, this book brings readers fully up to date with effective recognitions and treatments for visceral pain. The clinical evaluation and presentation of common chronic visceral pain conditions and multimodal treatment options that can be used to assist patients and providers are focused.

Challenges and Solutions to China’s Modernization Process (China Insights)

Focusing on these developing problems and growing troubles, this book mainly discusses economic growth issues related to demographic transition, as well as livelihood issues derived from them and closely related to policy logic. It aims to make theoretical analysis and provide necessary international experience and lessons and put forward targeted policy advice. This book proposes a three-pronged pattern of competition policy, industrial policy, and social policy to achieve productivity improvement and innovation momentum; gives full play to China's super-large market advantages, attractiveness and negotiating position; and promotes each other through domestic and international dual cycles to achieve a higher level of development.

Responses of Plants to Soil Flooding

Urban Slums and Circular Economy Synergies in the Global South: Theoretical and Policy Imperatives for Sustainable Communities (Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements)

This book takes a theoretical and empirical distance from urban slums/low-income settlements as a threat to environmental sustainability and recast them as places where environmentally rehabilitative and circular practices occur—drawing on the theoretical lens of the circular economy (CE). CE is defined as regenerative system that minimizes waste, emission, and energy leakage by slowing, closing, and narrowing material and energy loops. In principle, CE departs from the traditional linear model of take-make-use-dispose. As conceived in urban contexts, circular cities offer possibilities to regenerate natural systems, design out waste, and keep products in use. While the CE key principles of reduce, repair, and reuse are essential to the sustainable and inclusive interventions in urban slums, there is lack of case studies exploring the role of place and agency, especially the slum living-CE nexus in global south contexts. In inequitable urban transitions, a nuanced understanding of thesynergies between urban slums and the circular economy is not only theoretically relevant for reconceptualizing the slum in urban sustainability discourses but also exert policy and practice ramifications to decidedly figure out how the urban slum phenomenon can foster the sustainable and inclusive development of marginal areas through contextual and people-centered initiatives.

AI Technologies and Virtual Reality: Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality (AIVR 2023) (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies #382)

This book gathers a collection of selected works and new research results of scholars and graduate students presented at the 7th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality (AIVR 2023) held in Kumamoto, Japan during July 21-23, 2023. The focus of the book is interdisciplinary in nature and includes research on all aspects of artificial intelligence and virtual reality, from fundamental development to the applied system. The book covers topics such as system techniques, performance, and implementation; content creation and modelling; cognitive aspects, perception, user behaviour; AI technologies; interactions, interactive and responsive environments; AI/VR applications and case studies.

A History of Books in Ancient China

This book presents a study of the history of ancient Chinese books, not only highlighting specific aspects of the ontology of book history, such as printing and publishing, but also analyzing the internal and external causes of the development of book undertakings from a macro-perspective. Placing the development of and changes in the history of books in the context of social development, it investigates its interaction with politics, economy, society, education, and religion, especially with the big culture, and constructs a book-centered history of ancient Chinese culture.

Decision Making Through Problem Based Learning in Hematology: A Step-by-Step Approach in patients with Anemia

In this era of teaching through problem-based learning, this unique book guides approaching patients with anemia through a step-by-step analysis of test results. It explains the rationale for requesting appropriate tests and analyzing them systematically and correlates each answer to the disease-based entity on the latest evidence. The target audience is undergraduate medical students during hematopathology training and the introductory phase in clinical Medicine and Hematology, postgraduate residents in Hematology and Medicine, and undergraduate and postgraduate Allied Health students. It provides a quick reference source for practitioners and teachers in medical and paramedical institutions. Question-answer format for quick review before exams. Hundreds of visual illustrations with microscopic images and tables.Quick reference for students in wards and clinics.

Developments and Advances in Defense and Security: MICRADS 2023 (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies #380)

This book gathers the proceedings of the Multidisciplinary International Conference of Research Applied to Defense and Security (MICRADS 2023), held at Graduate School of the Colombian Air Force, in Bogota, Colombia, during July 6–8, 2023. It covers a broad range of topics in systems, communication, and defense; strategy and political–administrative vision in defense; and engineering and technologies applied to defense. Given its scope, it offers a valuable resource for practitioners, researchers, and students alike.

Digital Communication and Soft Computing Approaches Towards Sustainable Energy Developments: Proceedings of ISSETA 2023 (Innovations in Sustainable Technologies and Computing)

This book is a second volume and contains selected papers presented at Second International Symposium on Sustainable Energy and Technological Advancements (ISSETA 2023), organized by the Department of Electrical Engineering, NIT Meghalaya, Shillong, India, during 24 – 25 February 2023. The topics covered in the book are the cutting-edge research involved in sustainable energy technologies, smart buildingtechnology, integration and application of multiple energy sources; advanced power converter topologies and their modulation techniques; and information and communication technologies for smart microgrids.

Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechatronics: Selected Articles from iM3F 2023, 07–08 August, Pekan, Malaysia (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #850)

This book presents parts of the iM3F 2023 proceedings from the mechatronics as well as the intelligent manufacturing tracks. It highlights recent trends and key challenges in mechatronics as well as the advent of intelligent manufacturing engineering and technology that are non-trivial in embracing Industry 4.0 as well as addressing the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The book deliberates on conventional as well as advanced solutions that are utilized in the variety of mechatronics and intelligent manufacturing-based applications. The readers are envisaged to gain an insightful view on the current trends, issues, mitigating factors as well as solutions from this book. It provides a platform that allows academics as well as other relevant stakeholders to share, discuss, and deliberate their latest research findings in the field of manufacturing, mechatronics, and materials, respectively.

Advances in Cryptology – ASIACRYPT 2023: 29th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security, Guangzhou, China, December 4–8, 2023, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14439)

The eight-volume set LNCS 14438 until 14445 constitutes the proceedings of the 29th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security, ASIACRYPT 2023, held in Guangzhou, China, during December 4-8, 2023.The total of 106 full papers presented in these proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 375 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Secure Multi-party computation; threshold cryptography; . Part II: proof systems - succinctness and foundations; anonymity; Part III: quantum cryptanalysis; symmetric-key cryptanalysis; Part IV: cryptanalysis of post-quantum and public-key systems; side-channels; quantum random oracle model; Part V: functional encryption, commitments and proofs; secure messaging and broadcast; Part VI: homomorphic encryption; encryption with special functionalities; security proofs andsecurity models; Part VII: post-quantum cryptography; Part VIII: quantum cryptography; key exchange; symmetric-key design.

Science Education for Sustainable Development in Asia (Education Innovation Series)

This book presents an Asian perspective on transformative science education in the context of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The chapters are written by contributors who practiced science education for sustainability in a research project entitled “Teacher Education for ESD in the Asia-Pacific Region” from 2017 to 2019, supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, and the Japanese National Commission for UNESCO. The book showcases the contributors’ innovations in science education for sustainability, presenting case studies of science teaching and learning, science curriculum and assessment, science education in collaboration with local communities, and science teacher education. Embodying Asian sustainability education paradigms, policies, and practices, these case studies depict the diversity and uniqueness of natural, social, and cultural contexts in Asia, while demonstrating their commonalities. Through examining these case studies, this book aims to provide examples for praxis, and prospects, for new science classes, curricula, and teacher education in implementing education for sustainable development.

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Advanced Surface Enhancement: Surface Engineering for Sustainability (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)

This book presents the proceedings of the ‘3rd International Conference on Advanced Surface Enhancement’, INCASE 2023. It compiles the papers presented by researchers in surface engineering field at INCASE 2023 conference. The book presents a comprehensive review of the state of the art in surface engineering-related techniques and strategies, with a focus towards sustainability. The main topics include ‘Advanced techniques for surface engineering towards enhanced performance’, ‘Surface and sub-surface characterisation’, ‘Simulation and modelling of surface integrity’, ‘Advanced coating materials design synthesis and industry applications’, and ‘Emerging trends in surface engineering’. The book identifies the gaps between research and manufacturing and promotes sustainable approaches towards development of surface engineering solutions for adoption by industry. The book is useful for researchers, scientists, students, and engineers working in the field of surface engineering.

Errors in Medical Science Investigations

This book introduces all common errors in medical science fields and the ways to control them. Systematic errors could be controlled both during study design and statistical analysis. Some errors have been presented in small segments but not in a comprehensive book. It covers many common errors that usually affect the research proposals, final reports, theses, and scientific presentations in the field of medical sciences as well as the rejection reasons on scientific papers. It will help researchers to control common errors using epidemiological and statistical methods.

Multidimensional Aspects of Occupational Segregation: Time Series and Cross-National Comparisons (Behaviormetrics: Quantitative Approaches to Human Behavior #18)

One of the strengths of this book is that it expresses occupational segregation from multidimensional viewpoints using correspondence analysis. Through a quantitative approach, the book examines occupational segregation by education and gender in response to industrial transformation in Japan and other countries. The transformation of industrial structure, such as post-industrialization, demands a reconsideration of traditional perspectives in sociology, especially in social stratification. In other words, it is a shift from the attribute to the achievement principle. Higher technological innovations will create higher levels of industries, and those industries will require jobs that need greater human capital. In short, the meritocracy will be promoted. Meritocracy is certainly considered persuasive. In fact, previous researchers have looked primarily at a person’s occupation as a measure of social status. In Japan, jobs are normally acquired after completing education; thus, one’s educational achievement plays an important role. Especially in recent years, however, education alone has not been enough to explain social status. This book, therefore, focuses on occupational segregation by gender in addition to education in post-industrial society. Can occupational segregation by gender be weakened in the highly educated group? Is this a universal story in modern society? Because post-industrialization is part of the larger story of modernization, international perspectives are needed to examine the linkage between education and gender occupational segregation. This book explores occupational segregation by gender in response to industrial transformation in Japan and other countries.