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Marital Rape: Consent, Marriage, and Social Change in Global Context (Interpersonal Violence)
Rape in marriage is a global problem affecting millions of women -- it is still legal in many countries and was only criminalized in all U.S. states in 1993. In much of the world, marital rape is too often understood as an oxymoron due to the fact that the ideology of permanent consent underlies the legal and cultural definitions of sex in marriage. From Vietnam to Guatemala to South Africa and beyond, this volume examines how cultural, legal, public health, and human rights policies and practices impact intimate partner violence. While legal and cultural conceptions of marital rape vary widely -- from criminal assault to wifely duty -- this volume offers evidence from different societies that forced sex undermines the physical and psychological well-being of the women who experience it, regardless of their cultural context. Globally, the nature of marriage is changing and so are notions of individual choice, love, intimacy, and rigid gender roles. Marital Rape documents wide ranging and fluid understandings of sex, consent, and rape in marriage; such an array of perspectives demands an international and interdisciplinary approach to the study of sex and gender-based violence. This text brings together an international group of scholars from the fields of anthropology, sociology, criminology, law, public health, and human rights; their work points to the importance of understanding the lived experience of sexual violence for the design of effective and culturally sensitive public policy and practice.
Marketing Countries, Places, and Place-associated Brands: Identity and Image
This book integrates new thinking on the image, marketing, and branding of places at all levels, from town squares to cities and countries, and of the products and peoples associated with them, thereby bridging the ‘country’ and ‘place’ silos in place-related research and practice. Insightful contributions from top scholars reflect fresh theorizing and provide a critical appraisal of conventional wisdom by juxtaposing intriguing contexts, questioning commonplace practices, and challenging methodologies and theoretical assumptions.Chapters explore interdependencies among residents, visitors, brand managers, and consumers; image effects of place and social identity, cross-border acquisitions, popular culture exports, and sporting mega-events; country-of-origin research, cross-cultural consumer behaviour, international marketing, destination branding, and brand modelling; and cutting-edge methodological approaches and managerial best practices in place marketing. The book’s interdisciplinary know-how and approach makes it an invaluable and comprehensive reference for researchers, managers, consultants, and students alike, in areas from marketing, place management, international business, and tourism to communications, social psychology, urban geography, and regional economics.
Marketing Fashion: Critical Perspectives on the Power of Fashion in Contemporary Culture (Routledge Studies in the Fashion Industry)
Fashion as a societal phenomenon has fascinated scholars in different disciplines such as history, sociology, anthropology, psychology, and marketing often from an interdisciplinary perspective. Fashion mirrors societal changes, cultural norms, and values over time. It can be interpreted as mundane everyday practices, constructions of identity and status as well as being associated with the art world. In this book, the focus lies on marketing and the role of marketers when fashion permeates society in deliberate and subtle ways. This edited collection critically reflects upon the power of fashion in contemporary society and the role marketing and marketers play in the process of defining, creating, and preserving fashion, but also in divesting fashion that is no longer up to date. It expands on existing knowledge to better understand the role marketers play as cultural agents in determining fashion and its markets. Contributors to the book are international, advanced scholars from a variety of disciplines such as anthropology, marketing, psychology and sociology, who challenge traditional ways of thinking about marketing. In a society where problems with overproduction and excessive consumption represent major challenges, the critical perspective of the role fashion plays in contemporary society and what influence marketing has for shaping fashion are not merely relevant, but necessary. This cutting-edge, interdisciplinary book will appeal to scholars across a broad range of fields including fashion marketing, fashion studies, and consumer culture research. It will also be valuable for students in advanced courses of study in a variety of disciplines besides marketing.
Markets, the State and the Environment: Towards Integration
Markets, the State and the Environment provides an introduction and interdisciplinary, critical overview of the case for a more market-based approach to environmental policy, taking stock of the key theoretical debates and a selection of recent policy developments in Europe, the US and Australia. The anthology compares and evaluates a wide range of market-based policy instruments (including taxes, charges and tradeable permits, privatisation and the encouragement of self-regulation) against the experience of the traditional regulatory approach in relation to the criteria of environmental effectiveness, efficiency, democratic participation, and social equity. The debate about environmental policy tools is also located in the context of the changing relationship between the state and the market in an increasingly interdependent world.
Martyrdom and Terrorism: Pre-Modern to Contemporary Perspectives
In recent years, terrorism has become closely associated with martyrdom in the minds of many terrorists and in the view of nations around the world. In Islam, martyrdom is mostly conceived as "bearing witness" to faith and God. Martyrdom is also central to the Christian tradition, not only in the form of Christ's Passion or saints faced with persecution and death, but in the duty to lead a good and charitable life. In both religions, the association of religious martyrdom with political terror has a long and difficult history. The essays of this volume illuminate this history--following, for example, Christian martyrdom from its origins in the Roman world, to the experience of the deaths of "terrorist" leaders of the French Revolution, to parallels in the contemporary world--and explore historical parallels among Islamic, Christian, and secular traditions. Featuring essays from eminent scholars in a wide range of disciplines, Martyrdom and Terrorism provides a timely comparative history of the practices and discourses of terrorism and martyrdom from antiquity to the twenty-first century.
Martyrdom, Self-Sacrifice, and Self-Immolation: Religious Perspectives on Suicide
Suicide in the forms of martyrdom, self-sacrifice, or self-immolation is perennially controversial: Should it rightly be termed suicide? Does religion sanction it? Should it be celebrated or anathematized? At least some idealization of such self-chosen deaths is found in every religious tradition treated in this volume, from ascetic heroes who conquer their passions to save others by dying, to righteous warriors who suffer and die valiantly while challenging the status quo. At the same time, there are persistent disputes about the concepts used to justify these deaths, such as altruism, heroism, and religion itself. In this volume, renowned scholars bring their literary and historical expertise to bear on the contested issue of religiously sanctioned suicide. Three examine contemporary movements with disputed classical roots, while eleven look at classical religious literatures which variously laud and disparage figures who invite self-harm to the point of death. Overall, the volume offers an important scholarly corrective to the axiom that religious traditions simply and always embrace life at any cost.
Mass Media and Drug Prevention: Classic and Contemporary Theories and Research (Claremont Symposium on Applied Social Psychology Series)
This book tells the story of the mass media's potential in the war against drug abuse. It is based on scientific evidence on the use of media in health promotion and disease prevention. Past approaches--successes and failures alike--are included to help enlighten future programs of research and practice. Advice about the logical steps that must be taken to help alleviate the crisis of drug abuse is featured throughout. The book will appeal to social scientists interested in persuasion and the media Each chapter offers information to help the conscientious practitioner maximize persuasive effects of a mass-mediated presentation.
Mastering Industrial-Organizational Psychology: Training Issues for Master's Level I-O Psychologists (The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Professional Practice Series)
Industrial-Organizational (I-O) psychology, the application of science in the workplace to create a better experience for individuals and organizations, has been identified by the Department of Labor as one of the fastest growing occupations in the nation. This volume brings together faculty from top-ranked I-O master's programs to provide best practices and discussions of important topics for the training of master's level I-O psychologists, including areas of career practice, applying to graduate school, applied experiences needed to prepare graduates for the workplace, methods of teaching and considerations for faculty in I-O master's programs, and consulting in organizations as a component of graduate education. This book will be of critical interest to I-O master's faculty, faculty advising undergraduates for graduate school, and students considering careers in I-O psychology.
The Material Culture of Sex, Procreation, and Marriage in Premodern Europe
This interdisciplinary anthology takes as its starting point the belief that, as the material grounds of lived experience, material culture provides an avenue of historical access to women's lives, extending beyond the reaches of textual evidence. Studies here range from utilitarian tools used in Late Roman abortion to sacred, magical or ritual objects associated with sex, procreation, and marriage in the Renaissance. Together the essays demonstrate the complex relationship between language and object, and explore the ways in which objects become forms of communication in their own right, transmitting both rather specific messages and more generalized social and cultural values.
Material Literacy in Eighteenth-Century Britain: A Nation of Makers (Material Culture of Art and Design)
The eighteenth century has been hailed for its revolution in consumer culture, but Material Literacy in Eighteenth-Century Britain repositions Britain as a nation of makers. It brings new attention to eighteenth-century craftswomen and men with its focus on the material knowledge possessed not only by professional artisans and amateur makers, but also by skilled consumers. This edited collection gathers together a group of interdisciplinary scholars working in the fields of art history, history, literature, and museum studies to unearth the tactile and tacit knowledge that underpinned fashion, tailoring, and textile production. It invites us into the workshops, drawing rooms, and backrooms of a broad range of creators, and uncovers how production and tacit knowledge extended beyond the factories and machines which dominate industrial histories. This book illuminates, for the first time, the material literacies learnt, enacted, and understood by British producers and consumers. The skills required for sewing, embroidering, and the textile arts were possessed by a large proportion of the British population: men, women and children, professional and amateur alike. Building on previous studies of shoppers and consumption in the period, as well as narratives of manufacture, these essays document the multiplicity of small producers behind Britain's consumer revolution, reshaping our understanding of the dynamics between making and objects, consumption and production. It demonstrates how material knowledge formed an essential part of daily life for eighteenth-century Britons. Craft technique, practice, and production, the contributors show, constituted forms of tactile languages that joined makers together, whether they produced objects for profit or pleasure.
Materialität der Kooperation (Medien der Kooperation – Media of Cooperation)
Die Autorinnen der „Materialität der Kooperation“ fragen nach materiellen Bedingungen und Medienpraktiken der Kooperation – vor, während und über Situationen hinaus. Kooperation wird als ein wechselseitiges Zusammenwirken verstanden, das mit oder ohne Konsens, mit oder ohne Kopräsenz der beteiligten Akteure in verteilten Situationen vonstattengehen kann. Materielle Bedingung von Kooperation sind Medien als Artefakte, Körper, Texte, Bilder und Infrastrukturen. Sie ermöglichen, bedingen und figurieren wechselseitige Verfertigungen – und entstehen selbst durch Medienpraktiken in kooperativen Situationen.
Max Weber-Handbuch: Leben – Werk – Wirkung
Max Weber, einer der Begründer der modernen Soziologie, hat ebenfalls ökonomische, historische, rechts- und religionswissenschaftliche Werke verfasst und wird – neben der Soziologie – in allen Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften breit rezipiert. Etliche von Weber geprägte Begriffe haben in den verschiedensten Bereichen ein vielfältiges Echo gefunden (z.B. Charisma, Entzauberung, Gesinnungs- und Verantwortungsethik, Lebensführung, Wertfreiheit etc.) – diese Begriffe werden im zweiten Teil des Handbuchs erklärt. Es setzt ein mit einem Kapitel über Leben und historischen Kontext. Der Hauptteil präsentiert alle Werke Webers sowie alle relevanten Werkgruppen. Ein Schlussteil diskutiert, in welchen Bereichen das Werk Webers heute noch aktuell ist (Arbeit, Lebensstil, Bürgerlichkeit etc.). – Für die zweite Auflage wurde der Band durchgesehen und aktualisiert sowie einige Beiträge ergänzt, z.B. Askese, Demokratie, Freiheit, Geltung, Intellektuelle, Individualismus, Tragik und Weltbild.
Max Weber's 'Science as a Vocation'
Max Weber’s lecture ‘Science as a Vocation’ is a classic of social thought, in which central questions are posed about the nature of social and political thought and action. The lecture has often taken to be a summation of Weber’s thought. It can also be argued that, together with the responses of its admirers and critics, it provides a focus for discussion of the nature of modernity and its political consequences, and of the philosophical and political implications of the social or human sciences. This volume provides a full, clear, revised translation of the lecture, together with translations from the German of key contributions to the lively debate that followed its publication. The book concludes with a substantial essay on the current significance of the lecture, which discusses its relevance to the debates about the nature of science as a cultural phenomenon; the disjunction between science and nature; Weber’s conception of the disenchantment of the world; the division of scientific labour; and the fundamental nature and place of sociology.
Measuring Well-Being: Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Social Sciences and the Humanities
This edited volume focuses on both conceptual and practical challenges in measuring well-being. Leveraging insights across diverse disciplines, including psychology, economics, sociology, statistics, public health, theology, and philosophy, contributors consider the philosophical and theological traditions on happiness, well-being and the good life, as well as recent empirical research on well-being and its measurement. The chapters review what is known empirically about how different measures of well-being relate to each other and considers various arguments for and against use of specific measures of well-being in different contexts. Further, the volume includes discussion of how a synthesis of existing research helps us make sense of the proliferation of different measures and concepts within the field, while also foregrounding the insights gained by investigations and conceptual thinking occurring across diverse disciplines.
Media and Suicide: International Perspectives on Research, Theory, and Policy
Somewhere in the world, in the next forty seconds, a person is going to commit suicide. Globally, suicides account for 50 percent of all violent deaths among men and 71 percent for women. Despite suicide prevention programs, therapy, and pharmacological treatments, the suicide rate is either increasing or remaining high around the world. Media and Suicide holds traditional and emergent media accountable for influencing an individual’s decision to commit suicide. Global experts present research, historical analysis, theoretical disputes (including discussion on the Werther and Papageno effects), and policy regarding the media’s impact on suicide. They answer questions about the effects of different types of media and storytelling, show how the impact of social media can be diminished, discuss internet bullying, mass-shootings and mass-suicides, show the effects of recovery stories, and much more. The editors also present examples of suicide policy in the United States, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Hong Kong on how to best communicate reporting guidelines to decrease the copycat effect, especially in less developed nations where most of the world’s nearly one million suicides occur each year. Although there is much work to be done to prevent media-influenced suicide, this innovative volume will contribute a large piece to this complex puzzle.
Medical and Healthcare Interactions: Members' Competence and Socialization (Directions in Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis)
Presenting a series of empirical studies by scholars working with approaches from ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, Medical and Healthcare Interactions studies real-life work and training encounters among medical and healthcare professionals and trainees or between professionals and patients. Using video analysis and detailed description, it considers the methods and procedures through which professionals, trainees, and patients produce actions and interpret those of others, exploring questions of member competence and socialization within situated courses of interaction. The book offers fruitful contributions for training and education in the field of healthcare and will appeal to scholars in the human and social sciences with interests in interaction, ethnomethodology, and conversation analysis.
The Medical/Health Humanities-Politics, Programs, and Pedagogies
This book covers a brief history of the Health Humanities Consortium and contains a toolkit for those academic leaders determined to launch inter- and multi-disciplinary health humanities programs in their own colleges and universities. It offers remarkable discussions and descriptions of pedagogical practices from undergraduate programs through medical education and resident training; philosophical and political analyses of structural injustices and clinical biases; and insightful and informative analyses of imaginative work such as comics, literary texts, and paintings.Previously published in Journal of Medical Humanities Volume 42, issue 4, December 2021Chapters “Reflective Writing about Near-Peer Blogs: A Novel Method for Introducing the Medical Humanities in Premedical Education”, “Medical Students’ Creation of Original Poetry, Comics, and Masks to Explore Professional Identity Formation”, “Reconsidering Empathy: An Interpersonal Approach and Participatory Arts in the Medical Humanities” and “The Health Benefits of Autobiographical Writing: An Interdisciplinary Perspective” are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Medicine, Risk, Discourse and Power (Routledge Advances in Sociology)
This book critically explores from a comparative international perspective the role medicine plays in constructing and managing natural and social risks, including those belonging to modern medical technology and expertise. Drawing together chapters written by professional practitioners and social scientists from the UK, South America, Australia and Europe, the book offers readers an insightful and thought-provoking analysis of how modern medicine has transformed our understanding of both ourselves and the world around us, but in so doing has arguably failed to fully recognize and account for, its unintended and negative effects. This is an essential read for social scientists, practitioners and policymakers who want to better understand how they can develop new ways of thinking about how modern medicine can promote social goods and enhance public health.
Medien Kunst Netz 2 / Media Art Net 2: Thematische Schwerpunkte / Key Topics
Das Werk bietet aktuelle Diskurse der Medienkunst im internationalen Kontext und ist gleichzeitig das Buch zur Onlineplattform www.medienkunstnetz.de. Thematische Schwerpunkte lokalisieren die Schnittstellen zwischen den Medien und Künsten. Essays und Texte von Inke Arns, Dieter Daniels, Steve Dietz, Rudolf Frieling, Susanne Holschbach, Verena Kuni, Gregor Stemmrich und Yvonne Volkart als vertiefende Ergänzung zu Band 1: Medienkunst im Überblick. Beide Bände werden online durch multimediale und audiovisuelle Werkdarstellungen ergänzt. Themenschwerpunkte u. a.: Essays zu Bild-Ton-Relationen, Cyborg Bodies, Foto/Byte, Generative Tools, Mapping und Text, Public Sphere_s.
MedienAlltag: Domestizierungsprozesse alter und neuer Medien
Ausgehend vom in den britischen Cultural Studies entwickelten Domestizierungskonzept nimmt der Band einerseits aktuelle Prozesse der Verbreitung digitaler Medien und ihre Folgen für Alltag, Zusammenleben und Medienfunktionen in den Blick (Internet, Mobiltelefon). Er verbindet dies andererseits mit einem historischen Rückblick auf Domestizierungsprozesse ‚alter' Medien wie Radio, Fernsehen, Telefon. Im Zentrum steht vor allem der häusliche Kontext als Ort der Medienaneignung, aber auch die Interaktion mit mobiler Kommunikation und anderen sozialen Räumen.
Megaproject Leaders: Reflections on Personal Life Stories (New Horizons in Organization Studies series)
Megaproject Leaders brings together 18 prominent academics who interviewed 16 great megaproject leaders originating from 10 different countries. Based on a reflective methodological approach, these chapters investigate the managing of megaprojects from a human perspective, identify new trends in the managing of megaprojects and identify lessons learned from the personal views of the interviewees. The novel ideas presented will appeal to academics, practitioners and university students.
Memory Fragmentation from Below and Beyond the State: Uses of the Past in Conflict and Post-Conflict Settings (Memory Studies: Global Constellations)
This volume suggests a model of collective memory that distinguishes between two conceptual logics of memory fragmentation: vertical fragmentation and horizontal fragmentation. It offers a series of case studies of conflict and post-conflict collective memory, shedding light on the ways various actors participate in the production, dissemination, and contestation of memory discourses. With attention to the characteristics of both vertical and horizontal memory fragmentation, the book addresses the plurality of diverging, and often conflicting, memory discourses that are produced within the public sphere of a given community. It analyzes the juxtaposition, tensions, and interactions between narratives produced beyond or below the central state, often transcending national boundaries. The book is structured according to the type of actors involved in a memory fragmentation process. It explores how states have been trying to produce and impose memory discourses on civil societies, sometimes even against the experiences of their own citizens, and how such efforts as well as backlash from actors below and beyond the state have led to horizontal and vertical memory fragmentation. Furthermore, it considers the attempts by states’ representatives to reassert control of national memory discourses and the subsequent resistances they face. As such, this volume will appeal to sociology and political science scholars interested in memory studies in post-conflict societies.
Menschen, Macht und Mauern: Fallbeispiele und Perspektiven
Dieser Sammelband vereint unterschiedliche Aspekte von Mauern und Grenzen. Beispiele für physische und psychische, historische und moderne, bestehende und überwundene sowie reale und imaginierte Mauern werden in ihrem Verhältnis zu den Menschen und zur Macht exemplarisch vorgestellt und analysiert. Zu den behandelten Themen zählen unter anderem ein Grenzzaun im Südlichen Afrika, die Grenze im frühmittelalterlichen Kastilien, der Bau und Fall der Mauer an der Universität Rostock, die Chinesische Mauer, der lange Schatten der Mauer bei Ost-West-Vergleichen, die Kreml-Mauer als Ort der kollektiven Erinnerung sowie die Große Mauer in Game of Thrones.
Metaphor in Language and Culture across World Englishes (Bloomsbury Advances in World Englishes)
This book advances and broadens the scope of research on conceptual metaphor at the nexus of language and culture by exploring metaphor and figurative language as a characteristic of the many Englishes that have developed in a wide range of geographic, socio-historical and cultural settings around the world.In line with the interdisciplinary breadth of this endeavour, the contributions are grounded in Cognitive (Socio)Linguistics, Conceptual Metaphor Theory, and Cultural Linguistics. Drawing on different research methodologies, including corpus linguistics, elicitation techniques, and interviews, chapters analyse a variety of naturalistic data and text types, such as online language, narratives, political speeches and literary works. Examining both the cultural conceptualisations underlying the use of figurative language and the linguistic-cultural specificity of metaphor and its variation, the studies are presented in contexts of both language contact and second language usage. Adding to the debate on the interplay of universal and culture-specific grounding of conceptual metaphor, Metaphor in Language and Culture across World Englishes advances research in a previously neglected sphere of study in the field of World Englishes.