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The Political Philosophy of G. A. Cohen: Back to Socialist Basics (Bloomsbury Research in Political Philosophy)
by Nicholas VrousalisGerald Allan Cohen was Chichele Professor of Social and Political Theory at All Souls College, Oxford for 23 years and is considered one of the most influential political philosophers of the past quarter-century. He died in 2009.The Political Philosophy of G. A. Cohen is the first full-length study on the unity of Cohen's political thought. It proceeds thematically, studying a range of fundamental concepts such as materialism, freedom, equality, fraternity and the market, all the while revisiting Cohen's seminal treatment of Marx, Nozick, Dworkin, Rawls and Sen.Nicholas Vrousalis brings together the diverse strands of argument in Cohen's thought and critically reconstructs them in the context of contemporary debates in social and political theory. This reconstruction highlights common threads running through Cohen's numerous contributions to contemporary philosophy, without underrating the inevitable tensions between them.
An Historical Introduction to the Philosophy of Mathematics: A Reader
by Russell Marcus Mark McEvoyA comprehensive collection of historical readings in the philosophy of mathematics and a selection of influential contemporary work, this much-needed introduction reveals the rich history of the subject.An Historical Introduction to the Philosophy of Mathematics: A Reader brings together an impressive collection of primary sources from ancient and modern philosophy. Arranged chronologically and featuring introductory overviews explaining technical terms, this accessible reader is easy-to-follow and unrivaled in its historical scope. With selections from key thinkers such as Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Hume and Kant, it connects the major ideas of the ancients with contemporary thinkers. A selection of recent texts from philosophers including Quine, Putnam, Field and Maddy offering insights into the current state of the discipline clearly illustrates the development of the subject.Presenting historical background essential to understanding contemporary trends and a survey of recent work, An Historical Introduction to the Philosophy of Mathematics: A Reader is required reading for undergraduates and graduate students studying the philosophy of mathematics and an invaluable source book for working researchers.
Showing Off!: A Philosophy of Image
by Jorella AndrewsDrawing on art, media, and phenomenological sources, Showing Off!: A Philosophy of Image challenges much recent thought by proposing a fundamentally positive relationship between visuality and the ethical. In philosophy, cultural studies and art, relationships between visuality and the ethical are usually theorized in negative terms, according to the dyadic logics of seeing on the one hand, and being seen, on the other. Here, agency and power are assumed to operate either on the side of those who see, or on the side of those who control the means by which people and things enter into visibility. To be seen, by contrast - when it occurs outside of those parameters of control- is to be at a disadvantage; hence, for instance, contemporary theorist Peggy Phelan's rejection of the idea, central to activist practices of the 1970's and 80's, that projects of political emancipation must be intertwined with, and are dependent on, processes of 'making oneself visible'. Acknowledgment of the vulnerability of visibility also underlies the realities of life lived within increasingly pervasive systems of imposed and self-imposed surveillance, and apparently confident public performances of visual self display.Showing Off!: A Philosophy of Image is written against the backdrop of these phenomena, positions and concerns, but asks what happens to our debates about visibility when a third term, that of 'self-showing', is brought into play. Indeed, it proposes a fundamentally positive relationship between visuality and the ethical, one primarily rooted not in acts of open and non-oppressive seeing or spectating, as might be expected, but rather in our capacity to inhabit both the risks and the possibilities of our own visible being. In other words, this book maintains that the proper site of generosity and agency within any visual encounter is located not on the side of sight, but on that of self-showing - or showing off!
Borderology: Along the Green Belt (Springer Geography)
by Jan Selmer Methi Andrei Sergeev Małgorzata Bieńkowska Basia NikiforovaThis book provides a unique and multifaceted view on and understanding of borders and their manifestations: physical and mental, cultural and geographical, and as a question of life and death. It highlights the Green Belt along the Iron Curtain, which offered a haven for rare species for many decades and, after the Cold War, became a veritable treasure trove for a European network of researchers. A geographical border is something that can be seen, but other borders sometimes have to be crossed to be discovered. The border zone is an arena for development that is not found in any other places. This book focuses on borderology, which became the name of a cross-border study and research program that explores the border zone from multiple perspectives. This cross-disciplinary book will appeal to interested researchers and students from many fields, from philosophy and diplomacy to ecology and geography.
Deleuze and the Schizoanalysis of Visual Art (Schizoanalytic Applications)
by Ian Buchanan Lorna CollinsThe concept of schizoanalysis is Deleuze and Guattari's fusion of psychoanalytic-inspired theories of the self, the libido and desire with Marx-inspired theories of the economy, history and society. Schizoanalysis holds that art's function is both political and aesthetic – it changes perception. If one cannot change perception, then, one cannot change anything politically. This is why Deleuze and Guattari always insist that artists operate at the level of the real (not the imaginary or the symbolic). Ultimately, they argue, there is no necessary distinction to be made between aesthetics and politics. They are simply two sides of the same coin, both concerned with the formation and transformation of social and cultural norms. Deleuze and the Schizoanalysis of Visual Art explores how every artist, good or bad, contributes to the structure and nature of society because their work either reinforces social norms, or challenges them. From this point of view we are all artists, we all have the potential to exercise what might be called a 'aesthetico-political function' and change the world around us; or, conversely, we can not only let the status quo endure, but fight to preserve it as though it were freedom itself.Edited by one of the world's leading scholars in Deleuze Studies and an accomplished artist, curator and critic, this impressive collection of writings by both academics and practicing artists is an exciting imaginative tool for a upper level students and academics researching and studying visual arts, critical theory, continental philosophy, and media.
A Critical Introduction to the Epistemology of Perception (Bloomsbury Critical Introductions to Contemporary Epistemology)
by Ali HasanWe ordinarily take it as obvious that we acquire knowledge of our world on the basis of sensory perception, and that such knowledge plays a central cognitive and practical role in our lives. Upon reflection, however, it is far from obvious what perception involves and how exactly it contributes to our knowledge. Indeed, skeptical arguments have led some to question whether we have any knowledge, or even rational or justified belief, regarding the world outside our minds. Investigating the nature and scope of our perceptual knowledge and perceptually justified belief, A Critical Introduction to the Epistemology of Perception provides an accessible and engaging introduction to a flourishing area of philosophy. Before introducing and evaluating the main theories in the epistemology of perception, Ali Hasan sets the stage with a discussion of skepticism, realism, and idealism in early modern philosophy, theories of perceptual experience (sense-datum theory, adverbialism, intentionalism, and metaphysical disjunctivism), and central controversies in general epistemology. Hasan then surveys the main theories in the contemporary debate, including coherentism, abductivism, phenomenal conservatism or dogmatism, reliabilism, and epistemological disjunctivism, presenting the motivations and primary objections to each. Hasan also shows how to avoid confusing metaphysical issues with epistemological ones, and identifies interesting connections between the epistemology and metaphysics of perception.For students in epistemology or the philosophy of perception looking to better understand the central questions, concepts, and debates shaping contemporary epistemology, A Critical Introduction to the Epistemology of Perception is essential reading.
Computational Methods in Systems Biology: 16th International Conference, CMSB 2018, Brno, Czech Republic, September 12-14, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11095)
by Milan Češka David ŠafránekThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computational Methods in Systems Biology, CMSB 2018, held in BRNO, Czech Republic, in September 2018. The 15 full and 7 short papers presented together with 5 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions. Topics of interest include formalisms for modeling biological processes; models and their biological applications; frameworks for model verification, validation, analysis, and simulation of biological systems; high-performance computational systems biology; parameter and model inference from experimental data; automated parameter and model synthesis; model integration and biological databases; multi-scale modeling and analysis methods; design, analysis, and verification methods for synthetic biology; methods for biomolecular computing and engineered molecular devices.Chapters 3, 9 and 10 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
The Bloomsbury Companion to Spinoza (Bloomsbury Companions)
by Wiep Van Bunge Henri Krop Piet Steenbakkers Jeroen M.M. van de VenBenedictus Spinoza (1632-77) was among the most important of the post-Cartesian philosophers of the second half of the seventeenth century and is still widely studied today. He made original contributions in every major area of philosophy and is best known for his Ethics, which is often held up as a supreme example of a self-contained metaphysical system intended to explain the universe. The Bloomsbury Companion to Spinoza is the first to offer an accessible, encyclopaedic account of Spinoza's life and ideas, his influences and commentators, and his lasting significance. Some of the best features include an annotated chronology of Spinoza's life, bibliographies of his major influences and critics, a substantive dictionary of key Spinozan concepts, summaries of Spinoza's principal writings and concludes with a chapter on Spinoza's place in modern academic scholarship. The volume is also updated with words on the recent major event in Spinoza scholarship with the discovery of the Vatican manuscript of Spinoza's Ethics. The Bloomsbury Companion to Spinoza is a valuable research tool for anyone interested in Spinoza and the era of great change in which he lived and wrote.
A Critical Introduction to the Metaphysics of Modality (Bloomsbury Critical Introductions to Contemporary Metaphysics)
by Andrea BorghiniA Critical Introduction to the Metaphysics of Modality examines the eight main contemporary theories of possibility behind a central metaphysical topic. Covering modal skepticism, modal expressivism, modalism, modal realism, ersatzism, modal fictionalism, modal agnosticism, and the new modal actualism, this comprehensive introduction to modality places contemporary debates in an historical context.Beginning with a historical overview, Andrea Borghini discusses Parmenides and Zeno; looks at how central Medieval authors such as Aquinas, and Buridan prepared the ground for the Early Modern radical views of Leibniz, Spinoza, and Hume and discusses advancements in semantics in the later-half of the twentieth century a resulted in the rise of modal metaphysics, the branch characterizing the past few decades of philosophical reflection. Framing the debate according to three main perspectives - logical, epistemic, metaphysical- Borghini provides the basic concepts and terms required to discuss modality. With suggestions of further reading and end-of-chapter study questions, A Critical Introduction to the Metaphysics of Modality is an up-to-date resource for students working in contemporary metaphysics seeking a better understanding of this crucial topic.
Among the Dead Cities: Is the Targeting of Civilians in War Ever Justified? (Bloomsbury Revelations)
by A. C. GraylingIs it ever right to target civilians in a time of war? Or do the ends sometimes justify the means? The twentieth century - the age of 'total war' - marked the first time that civilian populations came to be seen as legitimate military targets. At this policy's most terrible extreme came the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki but it is an issue that remains relevant today with the needs of the 'War on Terror' used to justify the use of drone strikes. In Amongst the Dead Cities, A.C. Grayling explores these moral issues in all their complexity with a detailed examination of the Allied bombing of German cities during World War 2. Considering the cases for and against the area bombing and the experiences of the bombed and the bombers, Grayling asks: was the targeting of civilians in Germany a crime? Now available in the Bloomsbury Revelations series, the book includes a new afterword by the author considering the issues in light of later conflicts up to the present day.
Levinas' 'Totality and Infinity': A Reader's Guide (Reader's Guides)
by William LargeEmmanuel Levinas' Totality and Infinity is a monumental work of phenomenological enquiry that goes on to assert the centrality of ethics to philosophical thought. This Reader's Guide provides a detailed explanation of the work, breaking down the occasionally intimidating but always inspirational content of Totality and Infinity for non-specialist readers, unpacking the complexities of Levinas' thought with clarity and rigour. Ideal for students coming to Levinas for the first time, the book offers essential guidance, outlining key themes, approaches to reading the text, the reception, and influence of the work, and recommends secondary reading materials.
Nothingness and the Meaning of Life: Philosophical Approaches to Ultimate Meaning Through Nothing and Reflexivity
by Nicholas WaghornWhat is the meaning of life? Does anything really matter? In the past few decades these questions, perennially associated with philosophy in the popular consciousness, have rightly retaken their place as central topics in the academy. In this major contribution, Nicholas Waghorn provides a sustained and rigorous elucidation of what it would take for lives to have significance. Bracketing issues about ways our lives could have more or less meaning, the focus is rather on the idea of ultimate meaning, the issue of whether a life can attain meaning that cannot be called into question.Waghorn sheds light on this most fundamental of existential problems through a detailed yet comprehensive examination of the notion of nothing, embracing classic and cutting-edge literature from both the analytic and Continental traditions. Central figures such as Heidegger, Carnap, Wittgenstein, Nozick and Nagel are drawn upon to anchor the discussion in some of the most influential discussion of recent philosophical history. In the process of relating our ideas concerning nothing to the problem of life's meaning, Waghorn's book touches upon a number of fundamental themes, including reflexivity and its relation to our conceptual limits, whether religion has any role to play in the question of life's meaning, and the nature and constraints of philosophical methodology.A number of major philosophical traditions are addressed, including phenomenology, poststructuralism, and classical and paraconsistent logics. In addition to providing the most thorough current discussion of ultimate meaning, it will serve to introduce readers to philosophical debates concerning the notion of nothing, and the appendix engaging religion will be of value to both philosophers and theologians.
Reparative Aesthetics: Witnessing in Contemporary Art Photography
by Susan BestBy offering a new way of thinking about the role of politically engaged art, Susan Best opens up a new aesthetic field: reparative aesthetics. The book identifies an innovative aesthetic on the part of women photographers from the southern hemisphere, who against the dominant modes of criticality in political art, look at how cultural production can be reparative. The winner of the Art Association of Australia and New Zealand best book award in 2017, Reparative Aesthetics contributes an entirely new theory to the interdisciplinary fields of aesthetics, affect studies, feminist theory, politics and photography. Conceptually innovative and fiercely original this book will move us beyond old political and cultural stalemates and into new terrain for analysis and reflection.
Endless Andness: The Politics of Abstraction According to Ann Veronica Janssens
by Mieke BalIn Endless Andness, Mieke Bal pioneers a new understanding of the political potential of abstract art which does not passively yield its meaning to the viewer but creates it anew - an art perceived not only through the retina but experienced viscerally. In this book, the third of her companion volumes on art's political agency, Bal explores perception through an intense engagement with the work of Belgian sculptor Ann Veronica Janssens. In a series of vividly-recalled encounters with Janssen's practice over a number of years, Balpresents a new conception of embodied perception - art experienced in a body conjured into participation and transformed by the experience. From Janssens' 'mist room' works and the CorpsNoir sculptures through to the fugitive, porous Aerogel, Bal traces an art which eludes the subject-object distinction to alter our ideas about the potential of political art in abstract and figurative forms. Enticing us simultaneously to lose ourselves and to come home, the tenuous materiality of installation art empowers those who live in the permanently lost and migratoryc ondition that characterizes contemporary experience. In celebrating and interrogating the work of this prolific and innovative artist, Mieke Baltransforms our understanding of non-representational art to create a new awareness of perception and performance in the shared spaces of our world.
Cinema I: The Movement-Image (Bloomsbury Revelations)
by Gilles DeleuzeGilles Deleuze was one of the most influential figures in twentieth-century philosophy, well known for his works on the philosophy of art and for his master-works, Difference and Repetition and - with Felix Guattari - A Thousand Plateaus and Anti-Oedipus.Cinema I is the first volume of Deleuze's revolutionary work on the theory of cinema (concluded in Cinema II, also available in the Bloomsbury Revelations series). Drawing on the philosophy of Henri Bergson, Deleuze identified his work as “a logic of the cinema”, setting out to “isolate certain cinematographic concepts” philosophically. To do this, he brings together diverse examples from a variety of major filmmakers, including Ingmar Bergman, Charlie Chaplin, Sergei Eisenstein and Alfred Hitchcock, among many others.
Cinema II: The Time-Image (Bloomsbury Revelations)
by Gilles DeleuzeGilles Deleuze was one of the most influential figures in twentieth-century philosophy, whose master-works, Difference and Repetition and – with Felix Guattari - A Thousand Plateaus and Anti-Oedipus have become one of the most widely-influential bodies of work in contemporary thought. Cinema II is Deleuze's second work on cinema, completing the reassessment of the art form begun in Cinema I. Influenced by the philosophy of Henri Bergson, Deleuze here offers a compelling analysis of the cinematic treatment of time and memory, thought and speech. The work draws on examples from major film makers, including Federico Fellini, Alfred Hitchcock and Orson Welles, among many others.
Contemporary Cosmopolitanism (Bloomsbury Political Philosophy)
by Angela TaraborrelliContemporary Cosmopolitanism is the first, much-needed, introduction to contemporary political cosmopolitanism. Although it has its roots in classical philosophy and politics, Cosmopolitanism has undergone a major revival in the last forty years, stirring far-reaching and intense international debates.Cosmopolitanism is a way of thought and life which entails an identification of the individual with the whole humankind, and implies a moral obligation to promote social and political justice at the global level. Contemporary cosmopolitanism reflects a global state that is already in itself highly cosmopolitan, and represents an attempt to solve the new problems raised by this situation, to reappraise a number of traditional conceptual categories in the light of changes having already occurred or that are still taking place, to develop new ones, as well as to encourage and guide political-institutional reform projects.Taraborrelli provides clear descriptions of the three main forms of contemporary cosmopolitanism – moral, political-legal and cultural – described through the thought of various figures representative of the more significant approaches: Appiah, Archibugi, Beitz, Benhabib, Bhabha, Held, Kaldor, Nussbaum, Pogge, Sousa Santos. This book provides a sound and comprehensive basis for the study of cosmopolitanism, ideal as a starting point for the discussion of issues of widespread interest such as human rights, global justice, migration, multiculturalism.
Rules and Reasoning: Second International Joint Conference, RuleML+RR 2018, Luxembourg, Luxembourg, September 18–21, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11092)
by Christoph Benzmüller Francesco Ricca Xavier Parent Dumitru RomanThis book constitutes the proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning, RuleML+RR 2018, held in Luxembourg during September 2018. This is the second conference of a new series, joining the efforts of two existing conference series, namely “RuleML” (International Web Rule Symposium) and “RR” (Web Reasoning and Rule Systems).The 10 full research papers presented together with 5 long technical communications and 7 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions.
Artificial Intelligence and Symbolic Computation: 13th International Conference, AISC 2018, Suzhou, China, September 16–19, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11110)
by Jacques Fleuriot Dongming Wang Jacques CalmetThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Symbolic Computation, AISC 2018, held in Suzhou, China, in September 2018. The 13 full papers presented together with 5 short and 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 31 submissions. The AISC conference is an important forum when it comes to ensuring that ideas, theoretical insights, methods and results from traditional AI can be discussed and showcased, while fostering new links with other areas of AI such as probabilistic reasoning and deep learning.
Kindler Kompakt: Philosophie des Mittelalters
by Andreas SpeerEntgegen dem gern gepflegten Vorurteil ist die Philosophie jenes Jahrtausends, das wir aus abendländischer Perspektive „Mittelalter“ nennen, äußerst vielgestaltig, interdisziplinär und multikulturell. Sie fußt auf dem gemeinsamen spätantiken Erbe, das mit Blick auf die unterschiedlichen Kulturkreise und die sprachlichen, gesellschaftlichen und theologischen Rahmenbedingungen auf vielfältige Weise weiterentwickelt wird. Stichworte wie „Aristotelesrezeption“ oder „Averroismus“ bezeichnen komplexe Rezeptions- und Transformationsprozesse, die letztlich zu einem neuen Wissenschaftsparadigma führen.
Aristotelischer Naturalismus
by Martin HähnelAls eine Form des anthropologischen Naturalismus erhält der aristotelische Naturalismus eine immer größer werdende Bedeutung sowohl im Kontext der angewandten Ethik (z.B. Enhancement, Krankheitstheorie) als auch im Hinblick auf die Beantwortung religionsphilosophischer und kulturanthropologischer Fragestellungen. Angesichts der globalen Herausforderung durch den biotechnologischen Fortschritt und der notwendigen Anerkennung natürlicher Wachstumsgrenzen werden systematische Antworten auf Fragen wie „Welches Verhältnis besteht zwischen moralischen und natürlichen Eigenschaften?“ oder „Was ist die Natur des Menschen aus moralischer Perspektive?“ immer dringlicher.
Platon-Handbuch: Leben – Werk – Wirkung
by Christoph Horn Jörn Müller Joachim Söder Anna Schriefl Simon Weber Denis WalterDas Handbuch bietet einen konzisen Überblick über Werk und Themen, es stellt Problemfelder (z.B. Ontologie, Kosmologie, Ästhetik, Moralphilosophie) und Begriffe (wie Idee, Tugend, Seele, Wahrheit) dar. Ein umfangreiches Kapitel widmet sich wichtigen Stationen der Wirkungsgeschichte (z.B. Neukantianismus, Analytische Platon-Rezeption).Die 2. Auflage wurde durchgesehen, aktualisiert und um einen Beitrag zur französischen Rezeption Platons nach dem 2. Weltkrieg erweitert.Platon ist einer der zentralen Klassiker der westlichen Philosophiegeschichte. Nach Alfred N. Whiteheads berühmten Ausspruch besteht die philosophische Tradition Europas aus einer Reihe von Fußnoten zu Platon.
Von Kung-Fu bis Ladypower. 33 Übungen in moderner Philosophie
by Peter Catapano Simon Critchley Tobias GabelIn diesem Buch gelingt der Gegenwartsphilosophie endlich der Ausgang aus ihrer akademischen Unzugänglichkeit. Ursprünglich veröffentlicht im mittlerweile legendären Philosophie-Blog „The Stone“ der New York Times liegen hier erstmals 33 der wichtigsten Essays auf Deutsch vor. Sie durchleuchten immer ansprechend und nie anspruchslos philosophische Probleme aller Art; die Bandbreite der behandelten Themen reicht von "Klassikern" der philosophischen Debatte – wie etwa der Definition von "Wissenschaft", der Frage nach dem menschlichen Bewusstsein oder den Grundlagen der Moral – bis zu den konkreten Problemstellungen unserer Gegenwart, etwa wenn es um die Moralität des Drohnenkrieges oder um Fragen der Geschlechtergerechtigkeit geht. Ein faszinierendes Panorama der gegenwärtigen philosophischen Diskussion in fast allen ihren Facetten.
Kindler Kompakt: Philosophie der Neuzeit
by Anne EusterschulteKindler Kompakt präsentiert in handlichen Ausgaben die wichtigsten Philosophen und Werke einer Epoche. Dazu gibt es eine kompakte Einleitung der Herausgeberin, die die Epoche verortet, die großen Linien zieht, das Wesentliche zusammenfasst. - Die Schätze aus Kindlers Literatur Lexikon in handlicher Form.
Arbeit, Gerechtigkeit und Inklusion: Wege zu gleichberechtigter gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe
by Catrin Misselhorn Hauke BehrendtDieses Buch handelt von der gleichberechtigten Teilhabe aller Bürgerinnen und Bürger an der Arbeitswelt. Dabei werden aktuelle Entwicklungen in Recht und Praxis berücksichtigt. Aktuelle Themen der Inklusionsforschung kommen zur Sprache, wie die Bedeutung der Arbeit für das individuelle gute Leben und das Zusammenleben in der Gesellschaft, Standards guter oder zumindest menschwürdiger Arbeit und Arbeitsbedingungen, die Verbesserung der Inklusion bisher marginalisierter Personengruppen in die Arbeitswelt sowie Fragen nach den legitimen Grenzen sozialer Teilhabe.