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The Black Youth Employment Crisis (National Bureau of Economic Research Project Report)
by Richard B. Freeman Harry J. HolzerIn recent years, the earnings of young blacks have risen substantially relative to those of young whites, but their rates of joblessness have also risen to crisis levels. The papers in this volume, drawing on the results of a groundbreaking survey conducted by the National Bureau of Economic Research, analyze the history, causes, and features of this crisis. The findings they report and conclusions they reach revise accepted explanations of black youth unemployment. The contributors identify primary determinants on both the demand and supply sides of the market and provide new information on important aspects of the problem, such as drug use, crime, economic incentives, and attitudes among the unemployed. Their studies reveal that, contrary to popular assumptions, no single factor is the predominant cause of black youth employment problems. They show, among other significant factors, that where female employment is high, black youth employment is low; that even in areas where there are many jobs, black youths get relatively few of them; that the perceived risks and rewards of crime affect decisions to work or to engage in illegal activity; and that churchgoing and aspirations affect the success of black youths in finding employment. Altogether, these papers illuminate a broad range of economic and social factors which must be understood by policymakers before the black youth employment crisis can be successfully addressed.
Briefwechsel mit Cantor, Dedekind, Helmholtz, Kronecker, Weierstrass und anderen (Dokumente zur Geschichte der Mathematik #2)
by Rudolf LipschitzEin Abdruck des gesamten Briefwechsels würde etwa 1500 Seiten erfordern, kam also nicht in Betracht. Es wurde versucht, die interessantesten Briefe herauszusuchen, aber die getroffene Aus wahl ist sicher subjektiv und teilweise willkürlich. Es wurde nicht einmal versucht, nach formal einheitlichen Kriterien vor zugehen. Z. B. wurde der Briefwechsel mit Dedekind und Kronecker in großen Teilen vollständig aufgenommen, weil hier auch Lipschitz' Briefe vorhanden sind und vor allem der Briefwechsel mit Dedekind historisch von besonderer Bedeütung ist. Aus ande ren Korrespondenzen wurden oft nur einzelne Briefe oder Teile einzelner Briefe ausgewählt. Gelegentlich werden in eckigen Klammern kurze Angaben über den Inhalt ausgelassener Passagen gemacht. Im Prinzip wurde der Originaltext buchstabengetreu übernommen einschließlich orthographischer Fehler und der ur sprünglichen Interpunktion; offensichtliche Versehen wurden allerdings meistens verbessert. Fußnoten und Anmerkungen sind jeweils nach den einzelnen Korrespondenzen zusammengefaßt. - 2 - Brief von Cantor (Auszug); vgl. S. 29 bis 3; - 3 - - 4 - 7. ~ ;;LL. . . #-~r ~ ~'v ~'~ a. /~ ~ r ~ . /' . . . . . . !v-d~r 4Vh'. ,-. . . ,4. ~ ~~ r'-~ . . . . 'v-/}-~
Brought to Bed: Childbearing in America, 1750-1950
by Judith Walzer LeavittBased on personal accounts by birthing women and their medical attendants, Brought to Bed reveals how childbirth has changed from colonial times to the present. Judith Walzer Leavitt's study focuses on the traditional woman-centered home-birthing practices, their replacement by male doctors, and the movement from the home to the hospital. She explains that childbearing women and their physicians gradually changed birth places because they believed the increased medicalization would make giving birth safer and more comfortable. Ironically, because of infection, infant and maternal mortality did not immediately decline. She concludes that birthing women held considerable power in determining labor and delivery events as long as childbirth remained in the home. The move to the hospital in the twentieth century gave the medical profession the upper hand. Leavitt also discusses recent events in American obstetrics that illustrate how women have attempted to retrieve some of the traditional women--and family--centered aspects of childbirth.
Bundestag und Bürger im Spiegel der Demoskopie: Eine Sekundäranalyse zur Parlamentarismusperzeption in der Bundesrepublik (Beiträge zur sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung #87)
by Schüttemeyer Suzanne S.
Campbell Bunk: The Worst Street in North London Between the Wars
by Jerry WhiteFrom the 1880s to the Second World War, Campbell Road, Finsbury Park (known as Campbell Bunk), had a notorious reputation for violence, for breeding thieves and prostitutes, and for an enthusiastic disregard for law and order. It was the object of reform by church, magistrates, local authorities, and social scientists, who left many traces of their attempts to improve what became known as 'the worst street in North London'. Jerry White offers insight into the realities of life in a 'slum' community, showing how it changed over a 90-year period. Using extensive oral history to describe in detail the years between the wars, White reveals the complex tensions between the new world opening up and the street's traditional culture of economic individualism, crime, street theatre, and domestic violence.
The Cautious Bear: Soviet Military Engagement In Middle East Wars In The Post-1967 Era
by Efraim KarshThis book analyzes Soviet military engagement in Middle East wars in the post-1967 era. It clarifies the nature and characteristics of this engagement, offers an explanation for its occurrence, and tries to predict future trends.
The Cautious Bear: Soviet Military Engagement In Middle East Wars In The Post-1967 Era
by Efraim KarshThis book analyzes Soviet military engagement in Middle East wars in the post-1967 era. It clarifies the nature and characteristics of this engagement, offers an explanation for its occurrence, and tries to predict future trends.
The Central African Republic: The Continent's Hidden Heart
by Thomas E. O'tooleA small, poor, little-known nation, the Central African Republic has had a troubled history, from the days of slave raids by Arab-speaking peoples from the north, through the bizarre rule of Jean-Bedel Bokassa, to the present military regime. Landlocked and possessing few resources beyond its famed diamonds, it is one of the least developed nations in Africa. Since its independence from France in 1959, it has of necessity continued to depend on its former colonial ruler. In this introduction to the Central African Republic, Dr. O'Toole examines the country's tumultuous past and current difficulties, the nature of the present political situation, and the roots of that situation in the colonial and precolonial periods. He also focuses on the roles of ethnicity, emerging urban problems, class formation, education, and religion in the social and cultural changes that the nation is currently undergoing. Finally, he realistically assesses the viability of the present government as a vehicle for economic development, stability, and reform.
The Central African Republic: The Continent's Hidden Heart
by Thomas E. O'tooleA small, poor, little-known nation, the Central African Republic has had a troubled history, from the days of slave raids by Arab-speaking peoples from the north, through the bizarre rule of Jean-Bedel Bokassa, to the present military regime. Landlocked and possessing few resources beyond its famed diamonds, it is one of the least developed nations in Africa. Since its independence from France in 1959, it has of necessity continued to depend on its former colonial ruler. In this introduction to the Central African Republic, Dr. O'Toole examines the country's tumultuous past and current difficulties, the nature of the present political situation, and the roots of that situation in the colonial and precolonial periods. He also focuses on the roles of ethnicity, emerging urban problems, class formation, education, and religion in the social and cultural changes that the nation is currently undergoing. Finally, he realistically assesses the viability of the present government as a vehicle for economic development, stability, and reform.
Charlotte Temple (Early American Women Writers)
by Susanna RowsonThe sentimental novels of the early national period were considered a danger to society and were criticized for the corrupting influence they had on the minds of their mostly young and female audience. They told tales of vice and intrigue that purported to be "based on fact" and also advocated the need for better female education that would prepare young women against sweet-talking seducers. Extremely popular in America after the Revolution and throughout the nineteenth century, Charlotte Temple and The Coquette were two of the most successful novels of the period. Reprinted here in their entirety, with Introductions by the literary scholar Cathy N. Davidson, they offer the modern student a glimpse at the earliest American popular fiction. Charlotte Temple, the most popular novel in America until Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, went through over 200 editions. It tells of a beautiful English girl who at the age of 15 is courted by and runs away with a British lieutenant named Montraville. Susanna Rowson, the daughter of a British naval officer, was one of the most accomplished women of the early national period. Actress, song-writer, novelist, poet, dramatist, and essayist, she was also the founder of one of the most progressive academies for young women of her day. She remained best-known, however, for Charlotte Temple, a novel that promised to be "of service to [the]...young and unprotected woman in her first entrance into life." In her Introduction, Cathy Davidson discusses the enormous popularity of the book and the life of Susanna Rowson, which was even more sensational than those of the characters depicted in the novel.
Children's Social Behavior: Development, Assessment, and Modification
by Phillip S. Strain Michael J. Guralnick Hill M. WalkerChildren's Social Behavior: Development, Assessment, and Modification presents the principal aspects of social developmental study of children; assessment methodology and techniques; and changes in the behavioral targets of intervention and in the nature of interventions. The articles in the book deal with various subjects related to the study of children's social behavior. Topics discussed include the interdependence and interplay between biological and social forces on the child's developing social repertoire; causative factors that influence peer interaction deficits; sociometric procedures and direct observation assessment methods; and issues associated with target behavior selection and the selection of intervention tactics. Psychologists, educators, ethologists, anthropologists, psychiatrists, and sociologists will find the book invaluable.
China's Korean Minority: The Politics Of Ethnic Education
by Chae-jin LeeThe educational system in China's Yanbian Prefecture presents a relatively successful model for Korean ethnic education. Koreans in China have a much higher percentage of literacy and middle school and college graduation than the national average or any other minority nationality. Despite the integrationist impulses of the Chinese nationality policy during the Rectification Movement and the Cultural Revolution, the Korean minority has successfully sustained its ethnic identity. Central to the well-being of the Korean minority in China is its continuing achievement of the highest level of educational attainment. Within the moderate nationality policy currently enunciated by Beijing, the ethnically based education system of the Korean minority in Northeast China presents a program to be studied and emulated by other minority nationalities.
China's Korean Minority: The Politics Of Ethnic Education
by Chae-jin LeeThe educational system in China's Yanbian Prefecture presents a relatively successful model for Korean ethnic education. Koreans in China have a much higher percentage of literacy and middle school and college graduation than the national average or any other minority nationality. Despite the integrationist impulses of the Chinese nationality policy during the Rectification Movement and the Cultural Revolution, the Korean minority has successfully sustained its ethnic identity. Central to the well-being of the Korean minority in China is its continuing achievement of the highest level of educational attainment. Within the moderate nationality policy currently enunciated by Beijing, the ethnically based education system of the Korean minority in Northeast China presents a program to be studied and emulated by other minority nationalities.
China's Military Reforms: International And Domestic Implications
by Charles D. LovejoyChina’s reform policies during the past decade have resulted in the reorganization of economic and political structures and have led to a dramatic reorientation of the nation’s foreign policy. These reforms have especially influenced China’s military establishment, which is now in a period of major transition. What new paradigm is replacing the old Maoist model of People’s War, however, is not clear. This book examines what China’s military modernization means for the global and regional balance of power and for China’s internal political-economic system. Specific chapters focus on changes in Chinese strategy and doctrine, developments in defense industries and military procurements, China’s acquisition of foreign technology, its military education system, and its nuclear weapons program.
China's Military Reforms: International And Domestic Implications
by Charles D. Lovejoy Bruce W. WatsonChina’s reform policies during the past decade have resulted in the reorganization of economic and political structures and have led to a dramatic reorientation of the nation’s foreign policy. These reforms have especially influenced China’s military establishment, which is now in a period of major transition. What new paradigm is replacing the old Maoist model of People’s War, however, is not clear. This book examines what China’s military modernization means for the global and regional balance of power and for China’s internal political-economic system. Specific chapters focus on changes in Chinese strategy and doctrine, developments in defense industries and military procurements, China’s acquisition of foreign technology, its military education system, and its nuclear weapons program.
Class and Health: Research and Longitudinal Data (Routledge Library Editions: Health, Disease and Society #24)
by Richard G. WilkinsonOriginally published in 1986, this book discusses issues such as social class differences in health; the effect of unemployment on health; the relationship between income and health; how much of the class differences in death rates can be explained in terms of medically recognized factors. Presenting empirical research to resolve these issues, the book takes health to the centre of the political stage and raises fundamental issues about the direction of modern economic and social development and its impact on inequality. As relevant now as when it was first published the book reviews twenty of the most important longitudinal studies in the area of health and class that had been carried out in the UK at the time.
Class and Health: Research and Longitudinal Data (Routledge Library Editions: Health, Disease and Society #24)
by Richard G. WilkinsonOriginally published in 1986, this book discusses issues such as social class differences in health; the effect of unemployment on health; the relationship between income and health; how much of the class differences in death rates can be explained in terms of medically recognized factors. Presenting empirical research to resolve these issues, the book takes health to the centre of the political stage and raises fundamental issues about the direction of modern economic and social development and its impact on inequality. As relevant now as when it was first published the book reviews twenty of the most important longitudinal studies in the area of health and class that had been carried out in the UK at the time.
Clinical Gerontology: A Guide to Assessment and Intervention
by T.L. BrinkHere is a major text in psychogeriatrics for all professionals in the field of aging and mental health. Leading authorities provide valuable insights into assessment and intervention techniques for use with the mentally impaired elderly. Topics include a depression scale for use in later life, family therapy, therapy in later life, and various issues concerning mental health care for the aged.
Clinical Gerontology: A Guide to Assessment and Intervention
by T.L. BrinkHere is a major text in psychogeriatrics for all professionals in the field of aging and mental health. Leading authorities provide valuable insights into assessment and intervention techniques for use with the mentally impaired elderly. Topics include a depression scale for use in later life, family therapy, therapy in later life, and various issues concerning mental health care for the aged.
Colonialism and Migration; Indentured Labour Before and After Slavery (Comparative Studies in Overseas History #7)
by P. C. Emmer
Communist Revolutionary Warfare: The Vietminh In Indochina
by George K. TanhamEven today few Americans understand the strategy, doctrine, and tactics of communist guerrilla warfare. Back in the early 1950s, the Rand Corporation conducted com· puter·simulated war games focused on Southeast Asia. The French agony in Indochina had attracted the attention of a few Rand researchers who had begun to wonder whether other wars might occur in this area and how the United States might fight if it became involved. The Rand scenarios ranged from atomic war to guerrilla conflict. WhUe a professor at the California Institute of Technology, I was asked to comment on some of these games. One thing struck me almost immediately-the communist enemy, or red forces, behaved and fought exactly like the Americans, or blue forces. From my limited knowledge of the French Indochina war, I did not think this was the case. The director of the war games, the late Dr. Edwin Paxson, agreed with my comment, but plaintively asked, "How do they behave and fight?" I offered to write a handbook for the red side, based on the Viet Minh operations against the French in Indochina. After research in Paris with the French army and air force, I duly completed my handbook in 1958, but by then it was of interest to no one. However, when John F. Kennedy became president, he stirred up great interest in Indochina and guerrilla warfare. My red team handbook, gathering dust, was quickly revised and declassified. It was published in 1961 as the first edition of this book.
Communist Revolutionary Warfare: The Vietminh In Indochina
by George K. TanhamEven today few Americans understand the strategy, doctrine, and tactics of communist guerrilla warfare. Back in the early 1950s, the Rand Corporation conducted com· puter·simulated war games focused on Southeast Asia. The French agony in Indochina had attracted the attention of a few Rand researchers who had begun to wonder whether other wars might occur in this area and how the United States might fight if it became involved. The Rand scenarios ranged from atomic war to guerrilla conflict. WhUe a professor at the California Institute of Technology, I was asked to comment on some of these games. One thing struck me almost immediately-the communist enemy, or red forces, behaved and fought exactly like the Americans, or blue forces. From my limited knowledge of the French Indochina war, I did not think this was the case. The director of the war games, the late Dr. Edwin Paxson, agreed with my comment, but plaintively asked, "How do they behave and fight?" I offered to write a handbook for the red side, based on the Viet Minh operations against the French in Indochina. After research in Paris with the French army and air force, I duly completed my handbook in 1958, but by then it was of interest to no one. However, when John F. Kennedy became president, he stirred up great interest in Indochina and guerrilla warfare. My red team handbook, gathering dust, was quickly revised and declassified. It was published in 1961 as the first edition of this book.
Comparative History Of Civilizations In Asia: Volume 1
by Edward L. FarmerThis book gives an overview of all of Asian history from the eastern borders of Europe to the Pacific and from the birth of civilization to the present. It provides a broad framework and flexible method for thinking about the history of the people of Asia.
Comparative History Of Civilizations In Asia: Volume 1
by Edward L. FarmerThis book gives an overview of all of Asian history from the eastern borders of Europe to the Pacific and from the birth of civilization to the present. It provides a broad framework and flexible method for thinking about the history of the people of Asia.
