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Contemporary Intervention Research in Learning Disabilities: An International Perspective (Disorders of Human Learning, Behavior, and Communication)
by Bernice Y. L. WongRecently, in the area of learning disabilities, a subarea of special educa tion, an interesting development has become discernible. This develop ment centers on the increasing focus of learning disabilities professionals on theory building and empirical research, and it is reflected in the spate of books currently being published. With their clear emphasis on con ceptual and methodological issues along with directions for future re search, these newly published books differ essentially from the bulk of learning disabilities textbooks. They include S. Vaughn and C. Bos (Eds. ), Research in Learning Disabilities: Issues and Future Directions, published in 1987 by College-Hill; T. E. Scruggs and B. Y. L. Wong (Eds. ), Intervention Research in Learning Disabilities, published in 1990 by Springer-Verlag; and L. Swanson (Ed. ), Learning Disabilities: Theore tical and Research Issues, published in 1991 by Lawrence Erlbaum Asso ciates. As reflected in these three books, the discipline began with a service orientation and has evolved beyond that to come of age with aspirations of becoming a scientific discipline. These books can be taken to voice the concerted efforts ,of learning disabilities professionals to promote theory building and empirical research. Undeniably these books provide valuable information on conceptual issues and research in learning disabilities. Nevertheless, they appear to have one drawback, namely, they focus exclusively on learning disabilities research in North America.
Context and Cognition: Ways of Learning and Knowing (Psychology Library Editions: Cognitive Science)
by Paul Light George ButterworthOriginally published in 1993, the study of cognitive development in children had moved from a focus on the intellectual processes of the individual studied in relative isolation, as in the classic work of Piaget, to a concern in the 1970s and 1980s with social cognition characterized by Vygotsky's views. In the years following, the trend toward an understanding of the situated nature of cognition had evolved even further and the extent to which thinking and knowing are inextricably linked to contextual constraints was at last being defined. Experts of international repute, the authors of this important book examine the recent literature on situated cognition in children. They explain contextual sensitivity in relation to ecological theories of cognition, and contrast intuitive reasoning in mathematical and other scientific domains with the failure of such reasoning in formal school contexts. Centrally concerned with the question of generalizability and transfer of knowledge from one situation to another, the contributors point to practical implications for understanding how intellectual competence can be made to generalize between "informal" and "formal" situations.
Context and Cognition: Ways of Learning and Knowing (Psychology Library Editions: Cognitive Science)
by Paul Light George ButterworthOriginally published in 1993, the study of cognitive development in children had moved from a focus on the intellectual processes of the individual studied in relative isolation, as in the classic work of Piaget, to a concern in the 1970s and 1980s with social cognition characterized by Vygotsky's views. In the years following, the trend toward an understanding of the situated nature of cognition had evolved even further and the extent to which thinking and knowing are inextricably linked to contextual constraints was at last being defined. Experts of international repute, the authors of this important book examine the recent literature on situated cognition in children. They explain contextual sensitivity in relation to ecological theories of cognition, and contrast intuitive reasoning in mathematical and other scientific domains with the failure of such reasoning in formal school contexts. Centrally concerned with the question of generalizability and transfer of knowledge from one situation to another, the contributors point to practical implications for understanding how intellectual competence can be made to generalize between "informal" and "formal" situations.
Context and Complexity: Cultivating Contextual Understanding
by MagorohMaruyamaAn original view of interdisciplinary thinking and its applications is given in this book. It aims to help the reader develop a contextual way to understand and act in complex situations. The book is based on a G-type principle: heterogenetic, interactive and pattern-generating. Each chapter is not only interdisciplinary, but also contextual and relational. They correspond to each of the six ways of cultivating contextual understanding. Five of the chapters give concrete examples; three of them center on examples from business management. This is because business management has become a frontier of complexity requiring contextual thinking; it is useful epistemologically to those in the humanities, social and natural sciences. The sixth chapter theoretically summarizes all the concrete examples.
Context Effects in Social and Psychological Research
by SeymourSudman NorbertSchwarz0 e The contributors to this book review our current knowledge of context effects in survey research, psychological testing, and social judgement. Drawing on recent developments in cognitive psychology, they offer theoretical accounts of the conditions that lead to the emergence of various context effects and report a number of new experimental studies. At stake now are clear, practical needs in the structuring of reliable tests, and a strong interest to develop a coherent theoretical framework to assess and scrutinize context effects, in addition to the desire to align some of the findings in survey research studies with the discoveries made in the information-processing field. This book attests to a fruitful dialogue between cognitive psychologists and survey researchers, as the cognitive processes initiated by question probes are really beginning to be understood and context effects classified and differentiated.
Continuity and Change in Psychoanalysis: Letters from Milan
by Luciana Nissim MomiglianoThis book reflects certain continuity, dealing with the issue of how to be an analyst—through the different stages by which the author's psychoanalytic identity develops, from candidate to analyst and sometimes on to training analyst—in the continually changing world of our time.
Continuity and Change in Psychoanalysis: Letters from Milan
by Luciana Nissim MomiglianoThis book reflects certain continuity, dealing with the issue of how to be an analyst—through the different stages by which the author's psychoanalytic identity develops, from candidate to analyst and sometimes on to training analyst—in the continually changing world of our time.
Conversing With Uncertainty: Practicing Psychotherapy in A Hospital Setting (Relational Perspectives Book Series)
by Rita W. McClearyConversing with Uncertainty is a unique chronicle of why therapists must use theory while resisting the allure of theory, maintaining a double vision that allows them to appropriate theory only to break it open to enlarge the interactive and interpretive possibilities of therapy. But McCleary offers far more than a vivid experiential rendering of this insight. She argues persuasively, here in conversation with the writings of Irwin Hoffman and Lawrence Friedman, that a narrative case study - such as her case study of Kay - offers a unique window to comprehending the type of reflection that culminates in psychotherapeutic knowing. It follows, for McCleary, that case narratives are especially relevant to psychotherapeutic training, and by implication, to the way in which therapists acquire expertise. Framed by a foreword by Stephen Mitchell and an afterword by Glen Gabbard, Conversing with Uncertainty is the premier volume of the Relational Perspectives Book Series. It also introduces a gifted writer of rare therapeutic sensibility. For it is McCleary's achievement, finally, not merely to convey with arresting candor the stress and uncertainty of clinical training, but to use her encounter with Kay to probe with fresh insight perennial questions about the narrative structure of therapeutic knowledge, the experiential foundations of theory choice, and the use and abuse of theory in clinical practice.
Conversing With Uncertainty: Practicing Psychotherapy in A Hospital Setting (Relational Perspectives Book Series)
by Rita W. McClearyConversing with Uncertainty is a unique chronicle of why therapists must use theory while resisting the allure of theory, maintaining a double vision that allows them to appropriate theory only to break it open to enlarge the interactive and interpretive possibilities of therapy. But McCleary offers far more than a vivid experiential rendering of this insight. She argues persuasively, here in conversation with the writings of Irwin Hoffman and Lawrence Friedman, that a narrative case study - such as her case study of Kay - offers a unique window to comprehending the type of reflection that culminates in psychotherapeutic knowing. It follows, for McCleary, that case narratives are especially relevant to psychotherapeutic training, and by implication, to the way in which therapists acquire expertise. Framed by a foreword by Stephen Mitchell and an afterword by Glen Gabbard, Conversing with Uncertainty is the premier volume of the Relational Perspectives Book Series. It also introduces a gifted writer of rare therapeutic sensibility. For it is McCleary's achievement, finally, not merely to convey with arresting candor the stress and uncertainty of clinical training, but to use her encounter with Kay to probe with fresh insight perennial questions about the narrative structure of therapeutic knowledge, the experiential foundations of theory choice, and the use and abuse of theory in clinical practice.
Coping Successfully with Panic Attacks
by Shirley TrickettPanic attacks happen when the body's emergency button is being pressed continuously. Breathlessness, chest pains, sweating, shaking, dizziness and fainting are all among the symptoms, and the experience can be terrifying. Fluctuating blood-sugar levels, anxiety and exhausted nerves affecting muscle tension and breathing can all cause panic attacks. This book explains how to stop pressing the panic button. Shirley Trickett shows how to understand your inner self, and overcome panic attacks with a balanced approach to meet your physical and emotional needs.
Counselling in General Practice
by Roslyn Corney Rachel JenkinsMany GPs now employ counsellors to help them with the psychological and emotional problems of their patients. The contributors to this book have wide experience of counsellor attachments and have been involved in developing and promoting GP counselling on a nation-wide scale. They explore the counsellor's role in general practice and investigate the issues involved, giving practical guidance which will be invaluable to those wishing to set up a counselling service.
Counselling in General Practice
by Roslyn Corney Rachel JenkinsMany GPs now employ counsellors to help them with the psychological and emotional problems of their patients. The contributors to this book have wide experience of counsellor attachments and have been involved in developing and promoting GP counselling on a nation-wide scale. They explore the counsellor's role in general practice and investigate the issues involved, giving practical guidance which will be invaluable to those wishing to set up a counselling service.
Countertransference: Theory, Technique, Teaching
by Athina Alexandris Grigoris VaslamatzisA collection of papers on the Oedipus complex, divided into three parts: theory, practice and supervision. The contributors, who include Joyce McDougall, Hanna Segal, Otto Kernberg and Leon Grinberg, invite the reader to explore with them the processes affecting the therapist's mind - and, occasionally his body - during psychoanalytic therapy, and the reasons why the therapist thinks, feels, and reacts in a particular way. The full significance of these processes, referred to as "counter-transference" since Freud's time, has recently been recognized, resulting in the therapist's use of additional resources so that he or she can understand and help the patient more effectively. In the 1950s and 1960s, Paula Heimann and Heinrich Racker, following on Freud's own observations, made important contributions to the study of the countertransference, considerably enlarging upon the concept and re-evaluating the nature of the psychoanalytic therapeutic relationship as a result.
Countertransference: Theory, Technique, Teaching
by Athina Alexandris Grigoris VaslamatzisA collection of papers on the Oedipus complex, divided into three parts: theory, practice and supervision. The contributors, who include Joyce McDougall, Hanna Segal, Otto Kernberg and Leon Grinberg, invite the reader to explore with them the processes affecting the therapist's mind - and, occasionally his body - during psychoanalytic therapy, and the reasons why the therapist thinks, feels, and reacts in a particular way. The full significance of these processes, referred to as "counter-transference" since Freud's time, has recently been recognized, resulting in the therapist's use of additional resources so that he or she can understand and help the patient more effectively. In the 1950s and 1960s, Paula Heimann and Heinrich Racker, following on Freud's own observations, made important contributions to the study of the countertransference, considerably enlarging upon the concept and re-evaluating the nature of the psychoanalytic therapeutic relationship as a result.
The Course of Eating Disorders: Long-Term Follow-up Studies of Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa
by Dr Wolfgang Herzog Prof. Dr. Hans-Christian Deter Prof. Dr. Walter VandereyckenMore and more clinicians as well as researchers realize that anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa often are extremely difficult to treat and that the short-term outcome can be very misleading. In many cases these disordersprevail for a long period of time and can have serious consequences for the patient's further life. This book gives a detailed over- view oftoday's knowledge regarding the long-term outcome of the treatment of anorexic and bulimic patients, many of whom were treated in highly spezialized centers. Experts from bo- th Europe and the U.S. report on theirmost recent research. Their studies include medical as well as psychosocial and psychiatric aspects of eating disorders. Clinicians with long experience in the treatment of eating disorder patients discuss the important practical implications of these rese- arch findings. The information given in this book is helpful for both treatment and prevention of eating disorders. Finally, concrete guidelines show as how to conduct further follow-up studies in this field.
Crime and Criminal Policy in Japan: Analysis and Evaluation of the Showa Era, 1926–1988 (Research in Criminology)
by Minoru Shikita Shinichi TsuchiyaThe Showa Era in Japan commenced in December 1926, when Emperor Showa ascended the Throne, and came to an end in January 1989, when His Majesty passed away, ushering in the new Heisei Era. The Showa Era was marked by drastic changes in the economy, society, and political and legal sys tems, which brought about an ebb and flow in criminality and precipitated various criminal policies. From an economical, political, and criminological perspective, the Showa Era stands out as a remarkable period in Japanese his tory. The Research and Training Institute of the Ministry of Justice, which has annually published the White Paper on Crime in Japan since 1960, received Cabinet approval to introduce a special topic section, "Criminal Policy in Sho wa" in the White Paper for 1989, which was published in October the same year. This White Paper is the first comprehensive publication that deals not only with the crime situation but also with the various activities of the criminal justice system, including the police, public prosecutors' offices, courts, correctional institutions, and probation and parole supervision organisations for 63 years.
Criminal Behaviour: A Psychological Approach To Explanation And Prevention (Contemporary Psychology Ser. #Vol. 8)
by Clive HollinThis study looks at contemporary psychological research and theory into criminal behaviour and considers the relationship between psychological and criminological theories. At the same time, the book examines the impact of psychology on strategies.
Criminal Behaviour: A Psychological Approach To Explanation And Prevention
by Clive HollinThis study looks at contemporary psychological research and theory into criminal behaviour and considers the relationship between psychological and criminological theories. At the same time, the book examines the impact of psychology on strategies.
Crisis Intervention in Residential Treatment: The Clinical Innovations of Fritz Redl
by William C MorseAll settings where disturbed children spend time, such as camps or residential schools, are periodically faced with crisis situations. Methods for dealing with these crises and for counseling the children involved are continually needed. Crisis Intervention in Residential Treatment is both a demonstration of how essential Fritz Redl’s treatment concepts remain today and a tribute to his genius. The authors bring order and reason to the quest for better ways to understand and respond to confrontation and aggression in residential treatment settings. They provide practical and successful strategies to cope with these situations and prevent them from occurring. By exploring and expanding some of Redl’s most important theories and practices, the authors encourage a new generation of child care workers to find the same stimulation and satisfaction in his work as his original followers found. The contributors, each deeply affected and influenced in his or her own way by Redl, provide not only a moving tribute to a great child care worker and innovator, but also a rejuvenation of some of the most valued ideas in the field.Sharing Redl’s concern for daily practice with very difficult youngsters, this understanding book focuses on the action setting and the development of theory from practice, not the application of theory to practice. By concentrating on such topics as the use of life space interviewing, aggression and counter-aggression in staff, and the contrast of interpersonal and ecological perspectives with current “get tough” approaches, Crisis Intervention in Residential Treatment is an eminently useful guide for everyone dealing with children in group settings. Psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, teachers, and residential personnel will all learn effective ways of coping with and preventing crisis situations.
Crisis Intervention in Residential Treatment: The Clinical Innovations of Fritz Redl
by William C MorseAll settings where disturbed children spend time, such as camps or residential schools, are periodically faced with crisis situations. Methods for dealing with these crises and for counseling the children involved are continually needed. Crisis Intervention in Residential Treatment is both a demonstration of how essential Fritz Redl’s treatment concepts remain today and a tribute to his genius. The authors bring order and reason to the quest for better ways to understand and respond to confrontation and aggression in residential treatment settings. They provide practical and successful strategies to cope with these situations and prevent them from occurring. By exploring and expanding some of Redl’s most important theories and practices, the authors encourage a new generation of child care workers to find the same stimulation and satisfaction in his work as his original followers found. The contributors, each deeply affected and influenced in his or her own way by Redl, provide not only a moving tribute to a great child care worker and innovator, but also a rejuvenation of some of the most valued ideas in the field.Sharing Redl’s concern for daily practice with very difficult youngsters, this understanding book focuses on the action setting and the development of theory from practice, not the application of theory to practice. By concentrating on such topics as the use of life space interviewing, aggression and counter-aggression in staff, and the contrast of interpersonal and ecological perspectives with current “get tough” approaches, Crisis Intervention in Residential Treatment is an eminently useful guide for everyone dealing with children in group settings. Psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, teachers, and residential personnel will all learn effective ways of coping with and preventing crisis situations.
Culture and Cognition: The Boundaries of Literary and Scientific Inquiry
by Ronald Schleifer Robert Con Davis Nancy MerglerThis groundbreaking book challenges the disciplinary boundaries that have traditionally separated scientific inquiry from literary inquiry. It explores scientific knowledge in three subject areas—the natural history of aging, literary narrative, and psychoanalysis. In the authors' view, the different perspectives on cognition afforded by Anglo-American cognitive science, Greimassian semiotics, and Lacanian psychoanalysis help us to redefine our very notion of culture.Part I historically situates the concepts of meaning and truth in twentieth-century semiotic theory and cognitive science. Part II contrasts the modes of Freudian case history to the general instance of Einstein's relativity theory and then sets forth a rhetoric of narrative based on the discourse of the aged. Part III examines in the context of literary studies an interdisciplinary concept of cultural cognition.Culture and Cognition will be essential reading for literary theorists, historians and philosophers of science; semioticians; and scholars and students of cultural studies, the sociology of literature, and science and literature.
Demenz: Herausforderung für Forschung, Medizin und Gesellschaft
by H. Erzigkeit I. Füsgen C. G. Gottfries S. Hoyer R. Schaltenbrand J. Schulz
Der Aufbau des Selbst beim Kind: Zur Entstehung des Selbstbewußtseins in den ersten Lebensjahren
by Beate Rachstein
Der medikamentöse Zugang zur Intelligenz
by Michael ThalerAusgehend von der Theorie der Hirnleistung, der Intelligenz und des Bewußtseins werden anhand verschiedener Tests die Wirkungen von Psychopharmaka, Stimulantien, Durchblutungsmitteln und vergleichbaren Medikamenten auf den Leistungskomplex "Intelligenz" dargestellt. Ergebnisse von unterschiedlich komplexen psychologischen Messungen werden miteinander verglichen, so daß dem Leser in übersichtlicher Weise Einblick in die Wirkung verschiedener Substanzen auf die Hirnleistung - auch die Abhängigkeit vom Lebensalter - gegeben wird.
