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Normality and Disability: Intersections among Norms, Law, and Culture

by Gerard Goggin Linda Steele Jessica Robyn Cadwallader

Hotly contested, normality remains a powerful, complex category in contemporary law and culture. What is little realized are the ways in which disability underpins and shapes the operation of norms and the power dynamics of normalization. This pioneering collection explores the place of law in political, social, scientific and biomedical developments relating to disability and other categories of ‘abnormality’. The contributors show how law produces cultural meanings, norms, representations, artefacts and expressions of disability, abnormality and normality, as well as how law responds to and is constituted by cultures of disability. The collection traverses a range of contemporary legal and political issues including human rights, mercy killing, reproductive technologies, hate crime, policing, immigration and disability housing. It also explores the impact and ongoing legacies of historical practices such as eugenics and deinstitutionalization. Of interest to a wide range of scholars working on normality and law, the book also creates an opening for critical scholars and activists engaged with other marginalized and denigrated categories, notably contesting institutional violence in the context of settler colonialism, neoliberalism and imperialism, to engage more richly and politically with disability. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Continuum journal.

Normalitäten in Bewegung: Rekonstruktion narrativer Identität psychiatrisch Pflegender (Sozialwissenschaftliche Gesundheitsforschung)

by Nicole Duveneck

Allgegenwärtig ist das Erzählen von Geschichten in der psychiatrischen Pflege. Zu pflegende Menschen, An- und Zugehörige wie auch professionell Pflegende erzählen fortwährend Geschichten – Geschichten über sich und ihr Leben zumal. Die vorliegende Studie nimmt die Selbst- bzw. Lebensgeschichten psychiatrisch Pflegender in den Blick und geht der Frage nach, wie die als psychiatrisch Pflegende bezeichneten Personen ihre narrative Identität konstruieren. Anhand autobiographisch-narrativer Interviews rekonstruiert Nicole Duveneck das zentrale sinnstiftende Strukturmuster der Identitätskonstruktion und entwickelt ein Modell, das die personale narrative Identität psychiatrisch Pflegender als einen die Normalität wandelnden und zugleich erhaltenden Prozess erfasst. Dieses Ergebnis verweist auf die ungebrochene Wirkmacht der Normalität im psychiatrischen Versorgungssystem und fordert – ob der mit der Normalität verbundenen exkludierenden Praktiken – zum kritischen Diskurs über und für eine gute psychiatrische Pflege auf.

Normalismusforschung über Behinderung und Geschlecht: Eine empirische Untersuchung der Werke von Barbara Rohr und Annedore Prengel (Konstruktionen von Normalität #4)

by Ulrike Schildmann

Das Buch untersucht das Verhältnis zwischen Normalität, Behinderung und Geschlecht am Beispiel der Gesamtwerke der (Behinderten-)Pädagoginnen Barbara Rohr und Annedore Prengel. Die Ergebnisse sind eindeutig: Behinderung wird immer in Abhängigkeit von gesellschaftlicher Normalität definiert, wobei sich deutliche Differenzierungen vor dem Hintergrund der Kategorie Geschlecht ergeben.

The Normalisation of Cyprus’ Partition Among Greek Cypriots: Political Economy and Political Culture in a Divided Society

by Gregoris Ioannou

This book explores the basic dynamics that shaped the Cyprus problem, with a focus on recent decades. The author deals with the periods, nodal points and fields that produced the conditions for the normalisation of partition and also presents the Cyprus problem as viewed from the outside. The chapters approach Cyprus’ division in light of power relations in society, the interaction between the political elite and society, and discuss the political and ideological dynamics as manifested in the public sphere. While analysing primarily the Greek Cypriot community, the book also refers to parallel developments in the Turkish Cypriot and international communities, arguing that the normalisation of Cyprus’ partition is rooted in the political economy and political culture of Greek Cypriots. At the same time, from the perspective of the peace and reunification movement, this is an inherently contradictory and potentially unstable process that can be overturned.‘Α remarkably thorough study focusing on nationalist narratives, political and media discourses and socio-economic structures in Cyprus and their impact on the formation and transformation of political identities since the 1950s. Unlike many other books on the issue, Ioannou analyses social and political developments in both the Greek-Cypriot and the Turkish-Cypriot communities. This approach sheds light on the internal reasons of the perpetuation of the island’s division, which the geopolitical and international relations approaches alone miss to grasp. Combining the analytical skills of a political scientist and his personal experience as an engaged citizen in favour of unification, Ioannou offers significant insight on a complex and traumatic conflict that remains one of Europe’s black spots.’ –Athena Skoulariki, Assistant Professor in Sociology of Communication, Discourse Analysis and Social Representations, University of Crete, Greece ‘The basic argument of the book is that the consolidation of partition was neither automatic nor happened behind the backs of Greek Cypriots. The very interesting and demythologising work of Gregoris Ioannou brings to light a hidden, but common secret of the Greek Cypriots.’ –Alexis Heraklides, Emeritus Professor of International Relations, Panteion University, Greece ‘Ioannou projects a multi-focal spotlight on the Cyprus problem, so as, at least for the careful reader, this becomes not only an interesting topic in itself, but, also a cognitive springboard from which to understand broader pathogenies of our common social and political life.’ –Seraphim Seferiades, Associate Professor in Political Science, Panteion University, Greece

Normalarbeit: Nur Vergangenheit oder auch Zukunft? (Gesellschaft der Unterschiede #37)

by Johanna Muckenhuber Josef Hödl Martin Griesbacher

Im Zuge der breit und kontinuierlich geführten Debatte um »atypische« Beschäftigungsverhältnisse als gesellschaftliche Herausforderung ist das »typische« Normalarbeitsverhältnis zunehmend aus dem Fokus des Interesses gerückt. Doch was verstehen wir unter Normalarbeit? Welche Erwartungen sind mit ihr verbunden? Ist sie ein Bild der Vergangenheit oder ein Weg in die Zukunft der Arbeit? Die Beiträge des Bandes liefern eine vertiefte kritisch-interdisziplinäre Auseinandersetzung mit dem Konzept und der Wirklichkeit von »Normalarbeit« und behandeln ihre begrifflichen Rahmenlinien und Entstehungsbedingungen. Aspekte der Arbeitszeit und Besonderheiten der Kompetenzanforderungen sowie beruflichen Qualifikation werden ebenso thematisiert wie interessenpolitische Perspektiven.

The Normal Chaos of Love

by Ulrich Beck Elisabeth Beck-Gernsheim

This is a brilliant study of the nature of love in modern society. Ulrich Beck and Elisabeth Beck-Gernsheim argue that the nature of love is changing fundamentally, creating opportunities for democracy or chaos in personal life.

The Normal Chaos of Love

by Ulrich Beck Elisabeth Beck-Gernsheim

This is a brilliant study of the nature of love in modern society. Ulrich Beck and Elisabeth Beck-Gernsheim argue that the nature of love is changing fundamentally, creating opportunities for democracy or chaos in personal life.

Norm and Ideology in Spoken French: A Sociolinguistic History of Liaison

by David Hornsby

This volume offers a diachronic sociolinguistic perspective on one of the most complex and fascinating variable speech phenomena in contemporary French. Liaison affects a number of word-final consonants which are realized before a vowel but not pre-pausally or before a consonant. Liaisons have traditionally been classified as obligatoire (obligatory), interdite (forbidden) and facultative (optional), the latter category subject to a highly complex prescriptive norm. This volume traces the evolution of this norm in prescriptive works published since the 16th Century, and sets it against actual practice as evidenced from linguists’ descriptions and recorded corpora. The author argues that optional (or variable) liaison in French offers a rich and well-documented example of language change driven by ideology in Kroch’s (1978) terms, in which an elite seeks to maintain a complex conservative norm in the face of generally simplifying changes led by lower socio-economic groups, who tend in this case to restrict liaison to a small set of traditionally obligatory environments.

Nordrhein-Westfälische Initiativen für Chancengleichheit im Bildungswesen im Spiegel empirischer Forschung (Forschungsberichte des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen #3217)

by Josef Hitpass

Es gibt nur wenige Wissenschaftler in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, die sich mit der Frage nach dem Verhältnis von Quantität und Qualität in unserem Bildungswesen so kompetent befassen können, wie Prof. Dr. Josef Hitpaß das getan hat. Die beiden vorliegenden Arbeiten, die er kurz vor seinem plötzlichen Tod am 4. 12. 1986 abge­ schlossen hat, sind ein weiterer Beleg für diese Kompetenz. Beide Arbeiten beleuchten - kritisch-konstruktiv, wie seine Haltung stets war - auf empirischer Basis die Er­ gebnisse nordrhein-westfälischer Initiativen zu mehr Chancengerechtigkeit im Bildungswesen. Die Arbeit "Abitur- und Studierfähigkeit von Oberstufen­ schülern mit ungleicher schulischer Vorbildung" befaßt sich mit den Konsequenzen aus der 1974 in Nordrhein-Westfalen geschaffenen Möglichkeit, im Zuge der Bemühungen um eine größere Durchlässigkeit im dreigliedrigen Schulsystem sowohl Haupt- als auch Realschülern - beim Vorliegen bestimmter leistungsbezogener Voraussetzungen - den Ein­ tritt in die gymnasiale Oberstufe zu eröffnen. Der Autor schreibt: "Diese Chance muß (te) deshalb als mit einem besonderen Risiko behaftet angesehen werden, weil Haupt­ schüler und Realschüler den grundständigen Gymnasiasten gegenüber mit ungleichen Lernvoraussetzungen formaler und materialer Art in die Oberstufe übergehen". Die zwei­ stufige Untersuchung, die sich insgesamt auf den Unter­ suchungszeitraum von 1977 bis 1986 erstreckt, prüft den Erfolg dieser nordrhein-westfälischen Reformmaßnahme am Maßstab der Erfolgsquoten im Abitur, der dabei erreichten Durchschnittsnoten, des Studienwahlverhaltens und der damit verbundenen Motivationsstruktur, der Einschätzung der Funktionstüchtigkeit des Kurssystems und schließlich der Bewährung im Studium.

The Nordic Welfare State in Three Eras: From Emancipation to Discipline

by Johannes Kananen

Nordic welfare states are known for a unique combination of equity and efficiency and for political institutions facilitating compromise and consensus between conflicting interests. The Nordic Welfare State in Three Eras: From Emancipation to Discipline analyses the historical and contemporary evolution of Nordic welfare states in Denmark, Sweden and Finland during three periods: the developmental period until the end of WWII, the period of emancipatory welfare institutions until the 1980s, and the period of restructuring from the 1980s until present times. The three eras discussed are shared in one way or another by all welfare states. However, Nordic welfare institutions are unique in the sense that they were particularly compatible with the ideas of Keynesian macro-economic management that constituted the blueprint of international economic ideas during the post-war period. This ground-breaking book will show how preceding emancipating elements of Nordic welfare states were largely lost in the process of renegotiating the post-war social order, and replaced by new elements of discipline and control.

The Nordic Welfare State in Three Eras: From Emancipation to Discipline

by Johannes Kananen

Nordic welfare states are known for a unique combination of equity and efficiency and for political institutions facilitating compromise and consensus between conflicting interests. The Nordic Welfare State in Three Eras: From Emancipation to Discipline analyses the historical and contemporary evolution of Nordic welfare states in Denmark, Sweden and Finland during three periods: the developmental period until the end of WWII, the period of emancipatory welfare institutions until the 1980s, and the period of restructuring from the 1980s until present times. The three eras discussed are shared in one way or another by all welfare states. However, Nordic welfare institutions are unique in the sense that they were particularly compatible with the ideas of Keynesian macro-economic management that constituted the blueprint of international economic ideas during the post-war period. This ground-breaking book will show how preceding emancipating elements of Nordic welfare states were largely lost in the process of renegotiating the post-war social order, and replaced by new elements of discipline and control.

Nordic Superintendents: Agents in a Broken Chain (Educational Governance Research #2)

by Lejf Moos Elisabet Nihlfors Jan Merok Paulsen

This book analyses the superintendent position and relations and shows how the well-known policy umbrella, the New Public Management (NPM), is being adapted to national contexts. School superintendents are civil servants at the heart of the governance of municipal education. Educational governance in the Nordic countries - Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden - is currently undergoing comprehensive restructuring and reconceptualisation at the hands of national governments influenced by transnational agencies. Our analyses of the superintendent position and relations show that the well-known policy umbrella, the New Public Management (NPM), is moving towards focusing on soft governance and social technologies as the preferred means of influences. Thus we rename it New Public Governance (NPG).

Nordic Social Pedagogical Approach to Early Years (International Perspectives on Early Childhood Education and Development #15)

by Charlotte Ringsmose Grethe Kragh-Müller

This book studies the major characteristics of the social pedagogical approach to early childhood education and care. It does so by investigating the distinctive elements of the Nordic approach and tradition. The cultural, educational, and ideological structures and values within the Nordic tradition indicate a strong “social pedagogical” rather than “early education” emphasis. The Nordic tradition applies a social learning approach that emphasizes play, relationships and outdoor life, and presumes that learning takes place through children’s participation in social interaction and processes. Set against this background, the book examines the characteristics of the pedagogue and the important features that develop through the Nordic approach. It compares children educated in the Nordic tradition with those educated in the French-English and Anglo-American tradition. It explores quality in relation to how children can enjoy childhood, and at the same time become able to actively participate in society and develop the social and cognitive skills and competences that individuals require to do well in society.

Nordic Perspectives on the Responsible Development of the Arctic: Pathways to Action (Springer Polar Sciences)

by Douglas C. Nord

This book investigates the multifaceted nature of change in today’s Nordic Arctic and the necessary research and policy development required to address the challenges and opportunities currently faced by this region. It focuses its attention on the recent efforts of the Nordic community to create specialized Centers of Excellence in Arctic Research in order to facilitate this process of scientific inquiry and policy articulation. The volume seeks to describe both the steps that lead to this decision and the manner in which this undertaking as evolved. The work highlights the research efforts of the four Centers and their investigations of a variety of issues including those related to ecosystem and wildlife management, the revitalization resource dependent communities, the emergence of new climate-born diseases and the development of adequate modeling techniques to assist northern communities in their efforts at adaptation and resilience building. Major discoveries and insights arising from these and other efforts are detailed and possible policy implications considered. The book also focuses attention on the challenges of creating and supporting multidisciplinary teams of researchers to investigate such concerns and the methods and means for facilitating their collaboration and the integration of their findings to form new and useful perspectives on the nature of change in the contemporary Arctic. It also provides helpful consideration and examples of how local and indigenous communities can be engaged in the co-production of knowledge regarding the region. The volume discusses how such research findings can be best communicated and shared between scientists, policymakers and northern residents. It considers the challenges of building common concern not just among different research disciplines but also between bureaucracies and the public. Only when this bridge-building effort is undertaken can true pathways to action be established.

Nordic Paths to Modernity

by Jóhann Páll Árnason Bjö Wittrock

Within the growing attention to the diverse forms and trajectories of modern societies, the Nordic countries are now widely seen as a distinctive and instructive case. While discussions have centred on the ‘Nordic model’ of the welfare state and its record of adaptation to the changing global environment of the late twentieth century, this volume’s focus goes beyond these themes. The guiding principle here is that a long-term historical-sociological perspective is needed to make sense of the Nordic paths to modernity; of their significant but not complete convergence in patterns, which for some time were perceived as aspects of a model to be emulated in other settings; and of the specific features that still set the five countries in question (Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland and Iceland) apart from one another. The contributors explore transformative processes, above all the change from an absolutistmilitary state to a democratic one with its welfarist phase, as well as the crucial experiences that will have significant implications on future developments.

Nordic Paths to Modernity

by Jóhann Páll Árnason and Björn Wittrock

Within the growing attention to the diverse forms and trajectories of modern societies, the Nordic countries are now widely seen as a distinctive and instructive case. While discussions have centred on the ‘Nordic model’ of the welfare state and its record of adaptation to the changing global environment of the late twentieth century, this volume’s focus goes beyond these themes. The guiding principle here is that a long-term historical-sociological perspective is needed to make sense of the Nordic paths to modernity; of their significant but not complete convergence in patterns, which for some time were perceived as aspects of a model to be emulated in other settings; and of the specific features that still set the five countries in question (Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland and Iceland) apart from one another. The contributors explore transformative processes, above all the change from an absolutistmilitary state to a democratic one with its welfarist phase, as well as the crucial experiences that will have significant implications on future developments.

Nordic Neoshamanisms (Palgrave Studies in New Religions and Alternative Spiritualities)

by James R. Lewis Siv Ellen Kraft Trude Fonneland

This book proposes that the drive for religiosity and experiences of the sacred are far from lost in contemporary western societies. The contributors' objective is to explore the myriad of ways late modern shamanism is becoming more vital and personally significant to people, communities, and economies in Nordic countries.

Nordic Moral Climates: Value Continuities and Discontinuities in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden

by Ulla Bondeson

Morality was a dominant theme in the 1990s, but concerns about morality seem omnipresent in the first years of the third millennium. The year 2002 witnessed the greatest corporate scandals ever seen in the United States, with immense impact financially and in human terms. Sex scandals were pervasive among Catholic priests in the United States, disrupting the lives of thousands of abused children. In Scandinavia, moral debates and scandals are of a smaller magnitude, and more often related to questions about the handling of money by politicians.This volume takes an overarching look at the impact of such moral questions in the Nordic countries. Its approach is multi-disciplinarian, embracing philosophy, history, sociology, and political science. Based mainly upon a survey of representative samples in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, this unique study combines interview questions on crime and justice with moral questions concerning equality, confidence, tolerance, and also personal, social, religious, political, and national values. Bondeson first discusses the Nordic countries from a historical perspective and in statistical terms. She then presents interview data on the general sense of justice in Nordic countries, in particular exploring how much social and legal equality the Scandinavians have achieved in their welfare states. She touches upon criminal behavior and victimization, and discusses crime prevention and punishment. Bondeson also reviews the problems and methods of the study. Finally, she adds depth to the statistical analysis by using a number of indexes of morality. A trend analysis illustrates the stability of these attitudes over time.Nordic Moral Climates is an original empirical study of moral values in Scandinavia. It is one of the few comprehensive studies on this subject conducted in any nation or group of nations. The book will be of great interest to criminologists, sociologists, and social theorists.

Nordic Moral Climates: Value Continuities and Discontinuities in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden

by Ulla V. Bondeson

Morality was a dominant theme in the 1990s, but concerns about morality seem omnipresent in the first years of the third millennium. The year 2002 witnessed the greatest corporate scandals ever seen in the United States, with immense impact financially and in human terms. Sex scandals were pervasive among Catholic priests in the United States, disrupting the lives of thousands of abused children. In Scandinavia, moral debates and scandals are of a smaller magnitude, and more often related to questions about the handling of money by politicians.This volume takes an overarching look at the impact of such moral questions in the Nordic countries. Its approach is multi-disciplinarian, embracing philosophy, history, sociology, and political science. Based mainly upon a survey of representative samples in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, this unique study combines interview questions on crime and justice with moral questions concerning equality, confidence, tolerance, and also personal, social, religious, political, and national values. Bondeson first discusses the Nordic countries from a historical perspective and in statistical terms. She then presents interview data on the general sense of justice in Nordic countries, in particular exploring how much social and legal equality the Scandinavians have achieved in their welfare states. She touches upon criminal behavior and victimization, and discusses crime prevention and punishment. Bondeson also reviews the problems and methods of the study. Finally, she adds depth to the statistical analysis by using a number of indexes of morality. A trend analysis illustrates the stability of these attitudes over time.Nordic Moral Climates is an original empirical study of moral values in Scandinavia. It is one of the few comprehensive studies on this subject conducted in any nation or group of nations. The book will be of great interest to criminologists, sociologists, and social theorists.

The Nordic Model and Physical Culture (Routledge Research in Sport, Culture and Society)

by Mikkel Bjørset Tin Frode Telseth Jan Ove Tangen Richard Giulianotti

This book examines the relationships between the Nordic social democratic welfare system (‘The Nordic Model’) and physical culture, across the domains of sport, education, and public space. Presenting important new empirical research, it helps us to understand how the paradoxical blend of social democracy and liberalism in the Nordic countries influences physical culture, which in turn contributes to a quality of life that ranks highest in the world. Drawing on perspectives from sociology, cultural studies, history, education, political science, outdoor studies, and urban studies, the book explores topics such as dance education for sport students, doping in cross-country skiing, outdoor education, the active body, and the ideology of public parks. It includes research material from across the region, including Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Finland, and Denmark. This is fascinating reading for anyone with an interest in physical culture, sport studies, leisure studies, or outdoor studies, as well as sociologists or political scientists with an interest in Nordic politics, culture, and society.

The Nordic Model and Physical Culture (Routledge Research in Sport, Culture and Society)

by Mikkel Bjørset Tin Frode Telseth Jan Ove Tangen Richard Giulianotti

This book examines the relationships between the Nordic social democratic welfare system (‘The Nordic Model’) and physical culture, across the domains of sport, education, and public space. Presenting important new empirical research, it helps us to understand how the paradoxical blend of social democracy and liberalism in the Nordic countries influences physical culture, which in turn contributes to a quality of life that ranks highest in the world. Drawing on perspectives from sociology, cultural studies, history, education, political science, outdoor studies, and urban studies, the book explores topics such as dance education for sport students, doping in cross-country skiing, outdoor education, the active body, and the ideology of public parks. It includes research material from across the region, including Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Finland, and Denmark. This is fascinating reading for anyone with an interest in physical culture, sport studies, leisure studies, or outdoor studies, as well as sociologists or political scientists with an interest in Nordic politics, culture, and society.

Nordic Families, Children and Early Childhood Education (Studies in Childhood and Youth)

by Susanne Garvis Sonja Sheridan Heidi Harju-Luukkainen Pia Williams

Largely as a result of social policies and cultural factors, the Nordic countries continually score high in lifestyle measures, quality of life and children’s outcomes. This book brings together authors from the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) to share knowledge and understanding regarding families, children, primary education and children’s leisure time activities. The empirical research and theoretical contributions provide important insights into the ‘Nordic model’ and explore the issues facing Nordic countries. The book reveals that while there are many similarities across the countries, differences also arise. The content of the book is more relevant now than ever, as countries look at better ways to support their populations. Nordic Families, Children and Early Childhood Education will be of interest to students and scholars across a range of disciplines, including Education, Sociology and Social Policy.

The Nordic Education Model in Context: Historical Developments and Current Renegotiations (Studies in Curriculum Theory Series)

by Bernadette Hörmann Sverre Tveit Inga Bostad Daniel Tröhler

Tracing historical and cultural factors which gave rise to the Nordic Education Model, this volume explores why Northern European education policy has become an international benchmark for schooling. The text explains the historical connection between a Nordic ideal of democracy and schooling, and indicates how values of equality, welfare, justice, and individualism might be successfully integrated in national school systems and curricula around the world. The volume also highlights recent debates around the longevity of the Nordic model and explores the risks and challenges posed by international policy and assessment agendas. Exploring how Nordic education polices successfully merge social equity with academic excellence, the book combines cultural, historical, sociological and philosophical analysis with a deep exploration of curriculum and teaching. This book will be of great interest to researchers, scholars, and postgraduates working across the fields of curriculum, comparative education, cultural studies and history and philosophy of education and education policy.

The Nordic Education Model in Context: Historical Developments and Current Renegotiations (Studies in Curriculum Theory Series)

by Daniel Tröhler Bernadette Hörmann Sverre Tveit Inga Bostad

Tracing historical and cultural factors which gave rise to the Nordic Education Model, this volume explores why Northern European education policy has become an international benchmark for schooling. The text explains the historical connection between a Nordic ideal of democracy and schooling, and indicates how values of equality, welfare, justice, and individualism might be successfully integrated in national school systems and curricula around the world. The volume also highlights recent debates around the longevity of the Nordic model and explores the risks and challenges posed by international policy and assessment agendas. Exploring how Nordic education polices successfully merge social equity with academic excellence, the book combines cultural, historical, sociological and philosophical analysis with a deep exploration of curriculum and teaching. This book will be of great interest to researchers, scholars, and postgraduates working across the fields of curriculum, comparative education, cultural studies and history and philosophy of education and education policy.

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