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Negotiating the Life Course: Stability and Change in Life Pathways (Life Course Research and Social Policies #1)
by Ann Evans and Janeen BaxterPathways through the life course have changed considerably in recent decades. Many of our assumptions about leaving home, starting new relationships and having children have been turned upside down. It is now almost as common to have children prior to marriage as afterwards, and certainly much more common to live together before marrying than to marry without first living together. Women are more likely to remain in the labour force after having children and many families struggle with problems of work-family balance at some stage in their lives, particularly when they have young children. But how much has really changed? Is there really more diversity in how individuals transition through these life course stages, or just variations at the margin with most people following a standard work and family life course? This volume makes use of rich longitudinal data from a unique Australian project to examine these issues. Drawing on broader theories of social change and demographic transitions in an international context, each chapter provides a detailed empirical assessment of the ways in which Australian adults negotiate their work and family lives. In doing so, the volume provides important insight into the ways in which recent demographic, social and economic changes both challenge and reproduce gender divisions.
The Neoliberal City: Governance, Ideology, and Development in American Urbanism
by Jason HackworthThe shift in the ideological winds toward a "free-market" economy has brought profound effects in urban areas. The Neoliberal City presents an overview of the effect of these changes on today's cities. The term "neoliberalism" was originally used in reference to a set of practices that first-world institutions like the IMF and World Bank impose on third-world countries and cities. The support of unimpeded trade and individual freedoms and the discouragement of state regulation and social spending are the putative centerpieces of this vision. More and more, though, people have come to recognize that first-world cities are undergoing the same processes.In The Neoliberal City, Jason Hackworth argues that neoliberal policies are in fact having a profound effect on the nature and direction of urbanization in the United States and other wealthy countries, and that much can be learned from studying its effect. He explores the impact that neoliberalism has had on three aspects of urbanization in the United States: governance, urban form, and social movements. The American inner city is seen as a crucial battle zone for the wider neoliberal transition primarily because it embodies neoliberalism's antithesis, Keynesian egalitarian liberalism. Focusing on issues such as gentrification in New York City; public-housing policy in New York, Chicago, and Seattle; downtown redevelopment in Phoenix; and urban-landscape change in New Brunswick, N.J., Hackworth shows us how material and symbolic changes to institutions, neighborhoods, and entire urban regions can be traced in part to the rise of neoliberalism.
Neue Energielandschaften – Neue Perspektiven der Landschaftsforschung (RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft)
by Ludger Gailing Markus LeibenathDer Wandel der Energiewirtschaft hin zu mehr Stromerzeugung aus erneuerbaren Energien spielt sich in physisch-materieller Hinsicht in Landschaften ab. Er wird von Praktikern der Raum- und Landschaftsplanung teils mit Skepsis und teils mit positiven Erwartungen begleitet. In dem Band wird den Fragen nachgegangen, welche Folgen die Energiewende auf die ästhetische Bewertung von Landschaften hat, welche neuen Akteurskonstellationen entstanden sind und welche Konflikte um das Landschaftsbild, die Landnutzung oder die Verteilung von Macht zu verzeichnen sind. Es werden die Konsequenzen der Umbrüche hin zu „neuen Energielandschaften“ für die Landschaftsforschung, aber auch für räumliche Planung und Governance thematisiert.
Neuro: The New Brain Sciences and the Management of the Mind
by Nikolas Rose Joelle M. Abi-RachedThe brain sciences are influencing our understanding of human behavior as never before, from neuropsychiatry and neuroeconomics to neurotheology and neuroaesthetics. Many now believe that the brain is what makes us human, and it seems that neuroscientists are poised to become the new experts in the management of human conduct. Neuro describes the key developments--theoretical, technological, economic, and biopolitical--that have enabled the neurosciences to gain such traction outside the laboratory. It explores the ways neurobiological conceptions of personhood are influencing everything from child rearing to criminal justice, and are transforming the ways we "know ourselves" as human beings. In this emerging neuro-ontology, we are not "determined" by our neurobiology: on the contrary, it appears that we can and should seek to improve ourselves by understanding and acting on our brains. Neuro examines the implications of this emerging trend, weighing the promises against the perils, and evaluating some widely held concerns about a neurobiological "colonization" of the social and human sciences. Despite identifying many exaggerated claims and premature promises, Neuro argues that the openness provided by the new styles of thought taking shape in neuroscience, with its contemporary conceptions of the neuromolecular, plastic, and social brain, could make possible a new and productive engagement between the social and brain sciences. Copyright note: Reproduction, including downloading of Joan Miro works is prohibited by copyright laws and international conventions without the express written permission of Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York. ?
Neuro: The New Brain Sciences and the Management of the Mind
by Nikolas Rose Joelle M. Abi-RachedThe brain sciences are influencing our understanding of human behavior as never before, from neuropsychiatry and neuroeconomics to neurotheology and neuroaesthetics. Many now believe that the brain is what makes us human, and it seems that neuroscientists are poised to become the new experts in the management of human conduct. Neuro describes the key developments--theoretical, technological, economic, and biopolitical--that have enabled the neurosciences to gain such traction outside the laboratory. It explores the ways neurobiological conceptions of personhood are influencing everything from child rearing to criminal justice, and are transforming the ways we "know ourselves" as human beings. In this emerging neuro-ontology, we are not "determined" by our neurobiology: on the contrary, it appears that we can and should seek to improve ourselves by understanding and acting on our brains. Neuro examines the implications of this emerging trend, weighing the promises against the perils, and evaluating some widely held concerns about a neurobiological "colonization" of the social and human sciences. Despite identifying many exaggerated claims and premature promises, Neuro argues that the openness provided by the new styles of thought taking shape in neuroscience, with its contemporary conceptions of the neuromolecular, plastic, and social brain, could make possible a new and productive engagement between the social and brain sciences. Copyright note: Reproduction, including downloading of Joan Miro works is prohibited by copyright laws and international conventions without the express written permission of Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York. ?
Neuro-Organisationskultur: Moderne Führung orientiert an Hirn- und Emotionsforschung
by Garo D. Reisyan„Neuro-Organisationskultur“ oder kurz „Neurokultur“ baut auf die Erfahrungen auf, die in den letzten 30 Jahren mit Organisationskultur gemacht wurden und ergänzt sie um neueste Erkenntnisse aus Hirn- und Emotionsforschung sowie um wichtige Einsichten aus Soziologie und Psychologie.Die aktuelle Konzeptlandschaft zum Thema Organisationskultur ist im Kern 20-30 Jahre alt und weist für praktische Operationalisierungen gravierende Unzulänglichkeiten auf. Mit dem Konzept „Neurokultur“ wird ein neuartiges Kulturmodell vorgestellt, das im Kern die drei Bausteine Reflexivität, Vorstellungen und Emotionen aufweist. Dazu führt der Autor in die neurowissenschaftlichen Grundlagen z. B. von Wahrnehmung, Gedächtnis und Lernen ein und macht mit Konstrukten, wie etwa Emotion, Stress, kognitiver Dissonanz, Intelligenz, Aufmerksamkeit und Kreativität vertraut. Neuartig ist auch, dass Gruppen und Individuen konsistent unter einem Dach konzeptualisiert wurden. Insgesamt ergibt sich ein signifikant belastbareres Verständnis von kulturellen Phänomenen und menschlichem Verhalten, wodurch sich neue Möglichkeiten der Operationalisierung eröffnen. Dazu wird ein struktureller Rahmen nebst Begriffsinventar sowie konkrete Methoden und Vorlagen zur Analyse, kontinuierlichen Pflege und gezielten Veränderung von Organisationskultur dargeboten.Schließlich werden wichtige Megatrends skizziert, auf deren Basis Anforderungen an das kulturelle Profil von Organisationen des 21. Jahrhunderts abgeleitet werden. Das praxisorientierte Buch enthält zahlreiche Beispiele aus Unternehmen und Exkurse zu aktuellen Themen aus Gesellschaft, Politik und allgemeiner Lebensführung.
Neuroergonomics: A Cognitive Neuroscience Approach to Human Factors and Ergonomics
by Addie Johnson and Robert W. ProctorThis book covers the foundations and successes of Neuroergonomics, combining neuroscience and ergonomics to enhance efficiency and safety. An overview of the essential areas within the field is given including chapters on brain networks, perception, attention, and performance.
Neuropsychology of Children in Africa: Perspectives on Risk and Resilience (Specialty Topics in Pediatric Neuropsychology)
by Michael J. Boivin and Bruno GiordaniIncreasingly, global humanitarian efforts are focusing on improving the lives of children. And among the developing world, the African nations are particularly affected by extreme weather conditions, devastating pandemics, and armed conflict. Neurocognitive science offers significant avenues toward bringing needed aid to the continent while creating a template for helping children worldwide. The studies in Neuropsychology of Children in Africa clearly illustrate how the brain develops and adjusts in the face of adversity. Contributors span assessment approaches and public health risk factors, and represent established topics and emerging lines of research, including biocultural constructs and genomic technologies. Together, these chapters argue for methodology that is culturally sensitive, scientifically rigorous, consistent, and sustainable. And although the focus is pediatric, the book takes a lifespan approach to prevention and intervention, modeling a universal framework for understanding neurocognitive development. Included in the coverage:Assessment of very young children in Africa in the context of HIV.Psychosocial aspects of malnutrition among African children.Assessment of neuropsychological outcomes in pediatric severe malaria.Neurodisability screening using the Ten Questions questionnaire.The neuropsychology of sickle cell disease in West African children.Computerized Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy for African children. As a guide to current findings or a springboard for new studies, Neuropsychology of Children in Africa is a necessary reference for researchers, policymakers, and diverse professionals in global aid organizations, and across the discipline.
Neuroscience of Prejudice and Intergroup Relations
by Belle Derks Daan Scheepers Naomi EllemersPsychological research on the origins and consequences of prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping has moved into previously uncharted directions through the introduction of neuroscientific measures. Psychologists can now address issues that are difficult to examine with traditional methodologies and monitor motivational and emotional as they develop during ongoing intergroup interactions, thus enabling the empirical investigation of the fundamental biological bases of prejudice. However, several very promising strands of research have largely developed independently of each other. By bringing together the work of leading prejudice researchers from across the world who have begun to study this field with different neuroscientific tools, this volume provides the first integrated view on the specific drawbacks and benefits of each type of measure, illuminates how standard paradigms in research on prejudice and intergroup relations can be adapted for the use of neuroscientific methods, and illustrates how different methodologies can complement each other and be combined to advance current insights into the nature of prejudice. This cutting-edge volume will be of interest to advanced undergraduates, graduates, and researchers students who study prejudice, intergroup relations, and social neuroscience.
Neuroscience of Prejudice and Intergroup Relations
by Belle Derks Daan Scheepers Naomi EllemersPsychological research on the origins and consequences of prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping has moved into previously uncharted directions through the introduction of neuroscientific measures. Psychologists can now address issues that are difficult to examine with traditional methodologies and monitor motivational and emotional as they develop during ongoing intergroup interactions, thus enabling the empirical investigation of the fundamental biological bases of prejudice. However, several very promising strands of research have largely developed independently of each other. By bringing together the work of leading prejudice researchers from across the world who have begun to study this field with different neuroscientific tools, this volume provides the first integrated view on the specific drawbacks and benefits of each type of measure, illuminates how standard paradigms in research on prejudice and intergroup relations can be adapted for the use of neuroscientific methods, and illustrates how different methodologies can complement each other and be combined to advance current insights into the nature of prejudice. This cutting-edge volume will be of interest to advanced undergraduates, graduates, and researchers students who study prejudice, intergroup relations, and social neuroscience.
Never Mind the Bosses: Hastening the Death of Deference for Business Success
by Robin RydeOver the last few decades, power, information and resources have moved from being concentrated in the hands of a few, to being disbursed across many. We need look no further than events on the world stage to see the heat signature of this – from the arrival of Wikileaks, the Arab Spring of 2011 and the Occupy movements, to the social media revolution and flashpoints such as the British Members of Parliament expenses scandal. All are examples of deep change occurring. This book is about what this means for the workplace and for management. The proposition offered here is that our organisations need to catch up, and that the “death of deference” that we are seeing elsewhere in society needs to be accelerated in the workplace. Systems of deference slow down organisational performance. Deference prevents organisations from learning. It stops them from being agile, innovative and ethical. Deference is the enemy of organisational success and it needs to be dismantled so that in its place we can build modern organisations with a new breed of managers and leaders. This book offers a solution to a problem that belongs in the last century, and a game plan for nothing short of a workplace revolution. "If deference is dead, this book is about the resurrection of the effective manager in a world where nothing is quite the way it used to be. Powerful and thought-provoking from start to finish." - Jeremy Vine, BBC Presenter and Author “Never Mind the Bosses is a refreshing type of management book, it advocates that deference to authority figures needs to go if we are to have engaged workforces.” - Cary L. Cooper, CBE, Distinguished Professor of Organizational Psychology and Health at Lancaster University Management School "An engaging and entertaining romp through the post punk world. By going beyond the boundaries of most business books, Ryde gives us all food for thought about how organisations are, or are not, dealing with a rapidly changing society and workforce." - Jo Owen, bestselling author of ‘How to Manage’ and 'How to Lead' “If you are looking for a book that will shake up your thinking about how to improve your organization’s performance – or worried that your competitors will find it first! – try this one.” - Professor Dutch Leonard, Harvard Business School & Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government
Never Mind the Bosses: Hastening the Death of Deference for Business Success
by Robin RydeOver the last few decades, power, information and resources have moved from being concentrated in the hands of a few, to being disbursed across many. We need look no further than events on the world stage to see the heat signature of this – from the arrival of Wikileaks, the Arab Spring of 2011 and the Occupy movements, to the social media revolution and flashpoints such as the British Members of Parliament expenses scandal. All are examples of deep change occurring. This book is about what this means for the workplace and for management. The proposition offered here is that our organisations need to catch up, and that the “death of deference” that we are seeing elsewhere in society needs to be accelerated in the workplace. Systems of deference slow down organisational performance. Deference prevents organisations from learning. It stops them from being agile, innovative and ethical. Deference is the enemy of organisational success and it needs to be dismantled so that in its place we can build modern organisations with a new breed of managers and leaders. This book offers a solution to a problem that belongs in the last century, and a game plan for nothing short of a workplace revolution. "If deference is dead, this book is about the resurrection of the effective manager in a world where nothing is quite the way it used to be. Powerful and thought-provoking from start to finish." - Jeremy Vine, BBC Presenter and Author “Never Mind the Bosses is a refreshing type of management book, it advocates that deference to authority figures needs to go if we are to have engaged workforces.” - Cary L. Cooper, CBE, Distinguished Professor of Organizational Psychology and Health at Lancaster University Management School "An engaging and entertaining romp through the post punk world. By going beyond the boundaries of most business books, Ryde gives us all food for thought about how organisations are, or are not, dealing with a rapidly changing society and workforce." - Jo Owen, bestselling author of ‘How to Manage’ and 'How to Lead' “If you are looking for a book that will shake up your thinking about how to improve your organization’s performance – or worried that your competitors will find it first! – try this one.” - Professor Dutch Leonard, Harvard Business School & Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government
New Arab Revolutions That Shook the World
by Farhad KhosrokhavarFrom Libya in the east to the Gulf peninsula in the west, the 'Arab Spring' has shaken entrenched regimes. Decades-old dictatorships have fallen after mass protests. Whilst the final outcome is unclear, the historical importance of these events is beyond doubt. Farhad Khosrokavar contextualizes the demands of the protesters. He looks beyond the Arab world to show how the movements are leaving a deep imprint on countries like Iran and how a new conception of democracy is emerging in the region, challenging traditional ideas. Looking to the future, Khosrokavar discusses how the new movements may change the world.
New Arab Revolutions That Shook the World
by Farhad KhosrokhavarFrom Libya in the east to the Gulf peninsula in the west, the 'Arab Spring' has shaken entrenched regimes. Decades-old dictatorships have fallen after mass protests. Whilst the final outcome is unclear, the historical importance of these events is beyond doubt. Farhad Khosrokavar contextualizes the demands of the protesters. He looks beyond the Arab world to show how the movements are leaving a deep imprint on countries like Iran and how a new conception of democracy is emerging in the region, challenging traditional ideas. Looking to the future, Khosrokavar discusses how the new movements may change the world.
The New Critique of Ideology: Lessons from Post-Pinochet Chile
by Ricardo CamargoThis book offers a new ideology critique for political analysis by revisiting Habermas via a Žižekian reading. The book includes an application of the theory to the case of the political consensus reached in Chile's post-Pinochet.
New Deal Ruins: Race, Economic Justice, and Public Housing Policy
by Edward G. GoetzPublic housing was an integral part of the New Deal, as the federal government funded public works to generate economic activity and offer material support to families made destitute by the Great Depression, and it remained a major element of urban policy in subsequent decades. As chronicled in New Deal Ruins, however, housing policy since the 1990s has turned to the demolition of public housing in favor of subsidized units in mixed-income communities and the use of tenant-based vouchers rather than direct housing subsidies. While these policies, articulated in the HOPE VI program begun in 1992, aimed to improve the social and economic conditions of urban residents, the results have been quite different. As Edward G. Goetz shows, hundreds of thousands of people have been displaced and there has been a loss of more than 250,000 permanently affordable residential units. Goetz offers a critical analysis of the nationwide effort to dismantle public housing by focusing on the impact of policy changes in three cities: Atlanta, Chicago, and New Orleans.Goetz shows how this transformation is related to pressures of gentrification and the enduring influence of race in American cities. African Americans have been disproportionately affected by this policy shift; it is the cities in which public housing is most closely identified with minorities that have been the most aggressive in removing units. Goetz convincingly refutes myths about the supposed failure of public housing. He offers an evidence-based argument for renewed investment in public housing to accompany housing choice initiatives as a model for innovative and equitable housing policy.
New Developments in Goal Setting and Task Performance
by Edwin A. Locke Gary P. LathamThis book concentrates on the last twenty years of research in the area of goal setting and performance at work. The editors and contributors believe goals affect action, and this volume has a lineup of international contributors who look at the recent theories and implications in this area for IO psychologists and human resource management academics and graduate students.
New Developments in Goal Setting and Task Performance
by Edwin A. Locke Gary P. LathamThis book concentrates on the last twenty years of research in the area of goal setting and performance at work. The editors and contributors believe goals affect action, and this volume has a lineup of international contributors who look at the recent theories and implications in this area for IO psychologists and human resource management academics and graduate students.
New Developments in Quantitative Psychology: Presentations from the 77th Annual Psychometric Society Meeting (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics #66)
by Roger E. Millsap, L. Andries Ark, Daniel M. Bolt and Carol M. WoodsThe 77th Annual International Meeting of the Psychometric Society (IMPS) brought together quantitative researchers who focus on methods relevant to psychology. The conference included workshops, invited talks by well-known scholars, and presentations of submitted papers and posters. It was hosted by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and took place between the 9th and 12th of July, 2012. The chapters of this volume are based on presentations from the meeting and reflect the latest work in the field. Topics with a primarily measurement focus include studies of item response theory, computerized adaptive testing, cognitive diagnostic modeling, and psychological scaling. Additional psychometric topics relate to structural equation modeling, factor analysis, causal modeling, mediation, missing data methods, and longitudinal data analysis, among others. The papers in this volume will be especially useful for researchers (graduate students and other quantitative researchers) in the social sciences who use quantitative methods, particularly psychologists. Most readers will benefit from some prior knowledge of statistical methods in reading the chapters.
The New Digital Age: Reshaping the Future of People, Nations and Business
by Eric Schmidt Jared Cohen'This is the most important - and fascinating - book yet written about how the digital age will affect our world' Walter Isaacson, author of Steve JobsFrom two leading thinkers, the widely anticipated book that describes a new, hugely connected world of the future, full of challenges and benefits which are ours to meet and harness. The New Digital Age is the product of an unparalleled collaboration: full of the brilliant insights of one of Silicon Valley's great innovators - what Bill Gates was to Microsoft and Steve Jobs was to Apple, Schmidt (along with Larry Page and Sergey Brin) was to Google - and the Director of Google Ideas, Jared Cohen, formerly an advisor to both Secretaries of State Condoleezza Rice and Hillary Clinton. Never before has the future been so vividly and transparently imagined. From technologies that will change lives (information systems that greatly increase productivity, safety and our quality of life, thought-controlled motion technology that can revolutionise medical procedures, and near-perfect translation technology that allows us to have more diversified interactions) to our most important future considerations (curating our online identity and fighting those who would do harm with it) to the widespread political change that will transform the globe (through transformations in conflict, increasingly active and global citizenries, a new wave of cyber-terrorism and states operating simultaneously in the physical and virtual realms) to the ever present threats to our privacy and security, Schmidt and Cohen outline in great detail and scope all the promise and peril awaiting us in the coming decades. A breakthrough book - pragmatic, inspirational and totally fascinating. Whether a government, a business or an individual, we must understand technology if we want to understand the future.'A brilliant guidebook for the next century . . . Schmidt and Cohen offer a dazzling glimpse into how the new digital revolution is changing our lives' Richard Branson
New Forms and Expressions of Conflict at Work
by Gregor GallThis collection analyses new forms and expressions of conflict at work under capitalism. Using theoretical and empirical approaches, it demonstrates an underlying historical continuity to new forms and expressions of conflict at work and a path dependency by country and culture.
New Frontiers in Work and Family Research
by Joseph G. Grzywacz Evangelia DemeroutiThe purpose of this volume is to showcase alternative theoretical and methodological approaches to work and family research, and present methodological alternatives to the widely known shortcomings of current research on work and the family. In the first part of the book contributors consider various theoretical perspectives including: Positive Organizational Psychology System Theory Multi-Level Theoretical Models Dyadic Study Designs The chapters in Part Two consider a number of methodological issues including: key issues pertaining to sampling, the role of diary studies, Case Cross-over designs, Biomarkers, and Cross-Domain and Within-Domain Relations. Contributors also elaborate the conceptual and logistical issues involved in incorporating novel measurement approaches. The book will be of essential reading for researchers and students in work and organizational psychology, and related disciplines.
New Frontiers in Work and Family Research
by Joseph G. Grzywacz Evangelia DemeroutiThe purpose of this volume is to showcase alternative theoretical and methodological approaches to work and family research, and present methodological alternatives to the widely known shortcomings of current research on work and the family. In the first part of the book contributors consider various theoretical perspectives including: Positive Organizational Psychology System Theory Multi-Level Theoretical Models Dyadic Study Designs The chapters in Part Two consider a number of methodological issues including: key issues pertaining to sampling, the role of diary studies, Case Cross-over designs, Biomarkers, and Cross-Domain and Within-Domain Relations. Contributors also elaborate the conceptual and logistical issues involved in incorporating novel measurement approaches. The book will be of essential reading for researchers and students in work and organizational psychology, and related disciplines.
New Labour and Secondary Education, 1994-2010 (Secondary Education in a Changing World)
by C. ChittyNew Labour and Secondary Education, 1994-2010 assesses New Labour's policy towards secondary education in Britain. It shows that, in many respects, New Labour education policy was a continuation of the policies pursued by the education ministers of Margaret Thatcher and John Major.
New Media, Development and Globalization: Making Connections In The Global South
by Don SlaterNew media, development and globalization are the key terms through which the future is being imagined and performed in governance, development initiatives and public and political discourse. Yet these authoritative terms have arisen within particular cultural and ideological contexts. In using them, we risk promoting over-generalized and seemingly unchallengeable frameworks for action and knowledge production which can blind us to the complex global patterns and promise of social reality.This compelling book forces us to look at these terms afresh. Drawing on more than ten years of ethnographic fieldwork in Latin America, West Africa and South Asia, Don Slater seeks to challenge these terms as voicing specific northern narratives rather than universal truths, and to see them from the perspective of southern people and communities who are equally concerned to understand new machines for communication, new models of social change and new maps of social connection. The central question the book poses is: how we can democratize the ways we think and practise new media, development and globalization, opening these terms to dialogue and challenge within North-South relations? Rooted in sociological debates, New Media, Development and Globalization will also be a provocative contribution to media and cultural studies, studies of digital culture, development studies, geography and anthropology.