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Air, Water and Soil Quality Modelling for Risk and Impact Assessment (Nato Security through Science Series C:)
by Adolf Ebel Teimuraz DavitashviliThis book contains the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Air, Water and Soil Quality Modelling for Risk and Impact Assessment. The aim of the workshop was to further joint environmental compartment modelling and applications of control theory to environmental management. It provides an overview of ongoing research in this field regarding assessment of environmental risks and impacts.
Air, Water, Earth, Fire: How the System Earth Works
by Angelo PeccerilloThe book describes the structure, composition and evolution of the Earth, the main geological processes occurring on it, and how some crucial environmental matters that are amply debated in the media (e.g. pollution, greenhouse effect) can be fully understood by placing them in the holistic context of the system Earth as a whole. It provides basic information on a series of key geological issues, from the structure and composition of the Earth to the large-scale processes that characterize our planet, such as rock alteration and sedimentation, magmatism, geomagnetism, seismicity, plate tectonics, cyclical migration of chemical elements through various Earth reservoirs (Geochemical Cycles), and evolution of the planet from Hadean to present. It intends to reach a wide readership, which is interested in our planet and wish to have a general and comprehensive view of its origin, evolution and activity. Potential readership includes undergraduate and advanced undergraduate students in Geology and other scientific disciplines, and any moderately- to well-educated people interested in the surrounding world and eager to gain a basic knowledge of the Earth and to reach an integrated view of how our planet is working.
Airborne Measurements for Environmental Research: Methods and Instruments (Wiley Series in Atmospheric Physics and Remote Sensing)
by Manfred Wendisch Jean-Louis BrenguierThis first comprehensive review of airborne measurement principles covers all atmospheric components and surface parameters. It describes the common techniques to characterize aerosol particles and cloud/precipitation elements, while also explaining radiation quantities and pertinent hyperspectral and active remote sensing measurement techniques along the way. As a result, the major principles of operation are introduced and exemplified using specific instruments, treating both classic and emerging measurement techniques. The two editors head an international community of eminent scientists, all of them accepted and experienced specialists in their field, who help readers to understand specific problems related to airborne research, such as immanent uncertainties and limitations. They also provide guidance on the suitability of instruments to measure certain parameters and to select the correct type of device. While primarily intended for climate, geophysical and atmospheric researchers, its relevance to solar system objects makes this work equally appealing to astronomers studying atmospheres of solar system bodies with telescopes and space probes.
Airborne Measurements for Environmental Research: Methods and Instruments (Wiley Series in Atmospheric Physics and Remote Sensing)
by Manfred Wendisch Jean-Louis BrenguierThis first comprehensive review of airborne measurement principles covers all atmospheric components and surface parameters. It describes the common techniques to characterize aerosol particles and cloud/precipitation elements, while also explaining radiation quantities and pertinent hyperspectral and active remote sensing measurement techniques along the way. As a result, the major principles of operation are introduced and exemplified using specific instruments, treating both classic and emerging measurement techniques. The two editors head an international community of eminent scientists, all of them accepted and experienced specialists in their field, who help readers to understand specific problems related to airborne research, such as immanent uncertainties and limitations. They also provide guidance on the suitability of instruments to measure certain parameters and to select the correct type of device. While primarily intended for climate, geophysical and atmospheric researchers, its relevance to solar system objects makes this work equally appealing to astronomers studying atmospheres of solar system bodies with telescopes and space probes.
Airglow as an Indicator of Upper Atmospheric Structure and Dynamics
by Vladislav Yu Khomich Anatoly I. Semenov Nicolay N. ShefovThe book summarizes international progress over the last few decades in upper atmosphere airglow research. Measurement methods, theoretical concepts and empirical models of a wide spectrum of upper atmospheric emissions and their variability are considered. The book contains a detailed bibliography of studies related to the upper atmosphere airglow. Readers will also benefit from a lot of useful information on emission characteristics and its formation processes found the book.
Airline Maps: A Century of Art and Design
by Mark Ovenden Maxwell RobertsIn this gorgeously illustrated collection of airline route maps, Mark Ovenden and Maxwell Roberts look to the skies and transport readers to another time. Hundreds of images span a century of passenger flight, from the rudimentary trajectory of routes to the most intricately detailed birds-eye views of the land to be flown over. Advertisements for the first scheduled commercial passenger flights featured only a few destinations, with stunning views of the countryside and graphics of biplanes. As aviation took off, speed and mileage were trumpeted on bold posters featuring busy routes. Major airlines produced highly stylized illustrations of their global presence, establishing now-classic brands. With trendy and forward-looking designs, cartographers celebrated the coming together of different cultures and made the earth look ever smaller. Eventually, fleets got bigger and routes multiplied, and graphic designers have found creative new ways to display huge amounts of information. Airline hubs bring their own cultural mark and advertise their plentiful destination options. Innovative maps depict our busy world with webs of overlapping routes and networks of low-cost city-to-city hopping. But though flying has become more commonplace, Ovenden and Roberts remind us that early air travel was a glamorous affair for good reason. Airline Maps is a celebration of graphic design, cartographic skills and clever marketing, and a visual feast that reminds us to enjoy the journey as much as the destination.
Airplane Performance on Grass Airfields
by Jaroslaw A. PytkaAirplane Performance on Grass Airfields presents an experiment-based approach to analysis and flight testing of airfield performance on grass runways. It discusses improvements for operations efficiency and safety of these airfields. The book analyzes the interaction between the landing gear wheels and the surface of a grass runways during both takeoff and landing. Considering the ground performance of an aircraft on a grass runway, the book covers test methods and devices for measuring performance and introduces an information system for the surface condition of grass airfields: GARFIELD. The system is based on a tire-grass interaction model and uses digital soil maps, as well as current meteorological data obtained from a weather server. The book is intended for researchers and practicing engineers in the fields of aviation and aircraft safety and performance.
Airplane Performance on Grass Airfields
by Jaroslaw A. PytkaAirplane Performance on Grass Airfields presents an experiment-based approach to analysis and flight testing of airfield performance on grass runways. It discusses improvements for operations efficiency and safety of these airfields. The book analyzes the interaction between the landing gear wheels and the surface of a grass runways during both takeoff and landing. Considering the ground performance of an aircraft on a grass runway, the book covers test methods and devices for measuring performance and introduces an information system for the surface condition of grass airfields: GARFIELD. The system is based on a tire-grass interaction model and uses digital soil maps, as well as current meteorological data obtained from a weather server. The book is intended for researchers and practicing engineers in the fields of aviation and aircraft safety and performance.
Airportness: The Nature of Flight
by Christopher SchabergAirportness takes the reader on a single day's journey through all the routines and stages of an ordinary flight. From curbside to baggage, and pondering the minutes and hours of sitting in between, Christopher Schaberg contemplates the mundane world of commercial aviation to discover "the nature of flight.†? For Schaberg this means hearing planes in the sky, recognizing airline symbols in unlikely places, and navigating the various zones of transit from sliding doors, to jet bridge, to lavatory. It is an ongoing, swarming ecosystem that unfolds each day as we fly, get stranded, and arrive at our destinations. Airportness turns out to be more than just architecture and design elements-rather, it is all the rumble and buzz of flight, the tedium of travel as well as the feelings of uplift.
Airportness: The Nature of Flight
by Christopher SchabergAirportness takes the reader on a single day's journey through all the routines and stages of an ordinary flight. From curbside to baggage, and pondering the minutes and hours of sitting in between, Christopher Schaberg contemplates the mundane world of commercial aviation to discover “the nature of flight.” For Schaberg this means hearing planes in the sky, recognizing airline symbols in unlikely places, and navigating the various zones of transit from sliding doors, to jet bridge, to lavatory. It is an ongoing, swarming ecosystem that unfolds each day as we fly, get stranded, and arrive at our destinations. Airportness turns out to be more than just architecture and design elements-rather, it is all the rumble and buzz of flight, the tedium of travel as well as the feelings of uplift.
Airports, Cities and Regions (Routledge Advances in Regional Economics, Science and Policy)
by Sven Conventz Alain ThiersteinSince the emergence of urban systems, cities have developed in a mutually inter-dependent process of socio-economic dynamics and transportation linkages. In recent years, Airports worldwide have stepped beyond the stage of being pure infrastructure facilities while the complex dynamics that are taking place at and around international airports represent a crucial element in the post-industrial reorganisation of urban and regional systems. Airports are increasingly recognized as general urban activity centres; that is, key assets for cities and regions as economic generators and catalysts of investment in addition to being critical components of efficient city infrastructure. This book brings together contributions from renowned academic scholars and world leading practitioners to discuss insights gained from theory and practice. The first collection of papers reflects upon the general role and future of airports as well as their specific contribution to competitive advantages within a fast changing business and economic landscape. The second group of contributions ask about the role airports play within the innovation process that is inherently centred on generating and sharing knowledge. The third section of papers investigates the drivers of real estate developments on airport land and in the close vicinity of airports.
Airports, Cities and Regions (Routledge Advances in Regional Economics, Science and Policy)
by Sven Conventz Alain ThiersteinSince the emergence of urban systems, cities have developed in a mutually inter-dependent process of socio-economic dynamics and transportation linkages. In recent years, Airports worldwide have stepped beyond the stage of being pure infrastructure facilities while the complex dynamics that are taking place at and around international airports represent a crucial element in the post-industrial reorganisation of urban and regional systems. Airports are increasingly recognized as general urban activity centres; that is, key assets for cities and regions as economic generators and catalysts of investment in addition to being critical components of efficient city infrastructure. This book brings together contributions from renowned academic scholars and world leading practitioners to discuss insights gained from theory and practice. The first collection of papers reflects upon the general role and future of airports as well as their specific contribution to competitive advantages within a fast changing business and economic landscape. The second group of contributions ask about the role airports play within the innovation process that is inherently centred on generating and sharing knowledge. The third section of papers investigates the drivers of real estate developments on airport land and in the close vicinity of airports.
Aklimatische Bodenbildung und Fossile Verwitterungsdecken
by Edwin Blanck Fritz Giesecke Hermann HarrassowitzDieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.
Aktive Sterne: Laboratorien der solaren Astrophysik
by Klaus G. StrassmeierDie Sonne ist ein ziemlich durchschnittlicher Stern, der sich vor allem durch seine geringe Entfernung zur Erde auszeichnet. Bei näherer Betrachtung entpuppt sich die Sonnenoberfläche jedoch als wahrer "Hexenkessel" mit Magnetfeldern aller Art, Sonnenflecken, Plasmaeruptionen und plötzlichen Explosionen, die alle einen fundamentalen Einfluß auf unseren Planeten haben, einen Einfluß, den wir erst mit modernster Astronomie messen und verstehen gelernt haben. Dieses Buch erklärt die spannenden Innenwelten, die physikalischen Grundlagen und Funktionsweisen der Sonne und der anderen aktiven Sterne. Die aktuellsten Forschungsergebnisse und neuestes Datenmaterial werden fundiert, aber auch für Laien verständlich, aufbereitet und mit über 200 Bildern, teilweise Aufnahmen mit dem Hubble Weltraumteleskop, illustriert.
Aktuelle Ansätze zur Umsetzung der UN-Nachhaltigkeitsziele
by Walter Leal FilhoDas Buch befasst sich mit den Themen Nachhaltigkeit und Nachhaltigkeitsziele der UN. Obwohl letztere schon 2015 verabschiedet wurden und die Umsetzung bis 2030 abgeschlossen sein soll, herrscht gegenwärtig noch immer ein Mangel an Initiativen, die die Nachhaltigkeitsziele zum Thema haben. Das Buch stößt eine Diskussion darüber an, wie das Thema Nachhaltigkeit ganzheitlich in der Lehre, Forschung, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft eingeführt und bearbeitet werden kann. Eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Disziplinen, von den Sozial- und Wirtschaftswissenschaften über Mode- und Kunst- sowie Umweltwissenschaften bis hin zu den Sprach- und Medienwissenschaften tragen zu dem Werk bei. Im Fokus des Buchs stehen die Mittel und Wege, mit denen das Engagement der Hochschulen und Nichtregierungsorganisationen in den globalen Bemühungen zur Umsetzung der Nachhaltigkeitsziele zusammengeführt wird. Der Band vereinigt viele Erfahrungen und Fallstudien, die zur Weiterentwicklung des Themas „Umsetzung der SDGs“ beitragen.
Aktuelle Forschung in der Bodenmechanik 2013: Tagungsband zur 1. Deutschen Bodenmechanik Tagung, Bochum
by Tom Schanz Achim HettlerDie Deutsche Bodenmechanik Tagung hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, der nationalen Bodenmechanik in ihrer Vielfalt ein Forum zum fachlichen Austausch und zur Diskussion aktueller Fragestellungen zu schaffen. Der vorliegende erste Tagungsband beinhaltet die Fachbeiträge zu den Schwerpunktthemen „Weiche Böden und Konsolidation“, „Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit“ und „Grenzzustände bei zyklischer Belastung“. Die Tagung wurde vom Lehrstuhl für Grundbau, Boden- und Felsmechanik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum in Kooperation mit dem Lehrstuhl Baugrund-Grundbau der TU Dortmund veranstaltet. Sie fand unter der Schirmherrschaft der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geotechnik (DGGT) an der Ruhr- Universität in Bochum statt.
Aktuelle Forschung in der Bodenmechanik 2015: Tagungsband zur 2. Deutschen Bodenmechanik Tagung, Bochum
by Tom Schanz Achim HettlerDie Deutsche Bodenmechanik Tagung etabliert sich nach ihrer gelungenen Auftaktveranstaltung vor zwei Jahren zum Forum für fachlichen Austausch und zur Diskussion aktueller Fragestellungen.Der vorliegende zweite Tagungsband behandelt diese aktuellen Themen: „Stoffgesetze und Materialverhalten", „Boden als Mehrphasensystem" und „Anwendungsbezogene Herausforderungen in der Bodenmechanik".Die Tagung wurde vom Lehrstuhl für Grundbau, Boden- und Felsmechanik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum in Kooperation mit dem Lehrstuhl Baugrund-Grundbau der TU Dortmund veranstaltet. Sie fand unter der Schirmherrschaft der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geotechnik (DGGT) an der Ruhr- Universität in Bochum statt.
Aktuelle Probleme der Geomechanik und Deren theoretische Anwendung / Acute Problems of Geomechanics and Their Theoretical Applications: XVII. Kolloquium (Ludwig-Föppl-Kolloquium) der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Geomechanik / 17th Symposium (Ludwig-Föppl-Symposium) of the Austrian Geomechanical Society Salzburg, 26. und 27. Oktober 1967 (Felsmechanik und Ingenieurgeologie Rock Mechanics and Engineering Geology. Supplementa #4)
by C. FairhurstDer diesjährigen Tagung des Salzburger Geomechanik-Kreises haben wir den Namen Ludwig-Föppl-Kolloquium gegeben; wir wollten damit diesen Pionier der Geomechanik und Mitbegründer unserer Kolloquien aus Anlaß seines 80. Geburtstages, den er am 27. Februar 1967 beging, in besonderer Weise ehren. Zu einer Zeit, da noch keineswegs abzusehen war, ob dem Gedanken einer in Gemeinschaft erarbeiteten Synthese zwischen Geologie, Geophysik, Ingenieur- und Bergbauwissenschaften Erfolg oder Mißerfolg beschieden sein würde, hat sich Ludwig F ö P P I mit dem Gewicht seines Namens und mit der ihm eigenen Aktivität zu unseren Geomechanik-Bestrebungen bekannt, und es ist unser Stolz, daß dieser Forscher bei seiner Jubiläumsvorlesung an der Technischen Hochschule in München die Geomechanik selbst ein Hauptarbeitsgebiet seiner reifen Jahre genannt hat. Allein die unserem Kreise gewidmeten Beiträge sind für die Entwicklung unserer jungen Wissenschaft grundlegend gewesen und haben richtungweisende Impulse gegeben, aus denen vieles weitere erwachsen konnte. Viele Teilnehmer dieses Kollo quiums erinnern sich noch gerne der Vorträge über spannungsoptische Versuche an geschichtetem Material (1955), den Übergang von der Haftreibung zur Gleitreibung (1955), elastische Spannungszustände in Körpern mit ebenen Schnitten (Klüften) (1957), die Formänderungsarbeit als Kriterium für die Standsicherheit von Stol len (1957) und über Störungen des Spannungszustandes in der Umgebung eines Druckstollens durch Spalten (1957); über den Bodendruck unter einem belasteten Fundamentbalken (1958); die Sprengwirkung des Porenwassers beim Druckversuch (1958) und die Untersuchung der Standfestigkeit von Stollen nach der Methode der kleinen Schwingungen (1958); zusammen mit Sonntag über Spannungen im Gebirge mit plattenförmigem Aufbau (1957), über angeheftete Stützmauern mit
Akustik und Raumklima: Raumkomfortbewertung und Energieeffizienz (essentials)
by Armin Raabe Peter HolsteinObwohl in diesem essential akustische Messmethoden in Räumen und Gebäuden behandelt werden, ist hier Akustik nicht als Bauakustik zu verstehen. Zusätzlich zu herkömmlichen Methoden zur Bewertung des Innenraumklimas und für eine energieeffiziente Klimatisierung lassen sich mit akustischen Methoden Informationen gewinnen, die bei der Raumklimagestaltung von Nutzen sein können:- zur Analyse von Schallgeschwindigkeitsverteilungen als Informationsquelle über Temperatur- und Strömungsfelder in Räumen,- zur akustischen Detektion von Undichten zum Nachweis unerwünschter Be- bzw. Entlüftung und damit von Energieverlusten.Die Verfahren stammen zum Teil aus anderen Wissensgebieten, u.a. der Meteorologie, Tomografie oder der bildlichen Darstellung von Schallquellen. Damit können sie als Alternativen und Ergänzungen zu den herkömmlichen Methoden einer energieeffizienten Raumklimagestaltung verstanden werden.
Alaska Dinosaurs: An Ancient Arctic World
by Anthony R. FiorilloAnthony Fiorillo has been exploring the Arctic since 1998. For him, like many others, the Arctic holds the romance of uncharted territory, extreme conditions, and the inevitable epic challenges that arise. For Fiorillo, however, the Arctic also holds the secrets of the history of life on Earth, and its fossils bring him back field season after field season in pursuit of improving human understanding of ancient history. His studies of the rocks and fossils of the Arctic shed light on a world that once was, and provide insight into what might be.
Alaska Dinosaurs: An Ancient Arctic World
by Anthony R. FiorilloAnthony Fiorillo has been exploring the Arctic since 1998. For him, like many others, the Arctic holds the romance of uncharted territory, extreme conditions, and the inevitable epic challenges that arise. For Fiorillo, however, the Arctic also holds the secrets of the history of life on Earth, and its fossils bring him back field season after field season in pursuit of improving human understanding of ancient history. His studies of the rocks and fossils of the Arctic shed light on a world that once was, and provide insight into what might be.
The Alaskan Shelf: Hydrographic, Sedimentary, and Geochemical Environment
by G.D. SharmaFrom a general point of view the importance of striving to minimize envir- mental disturbances on the continental shelf cannot be overemphasized. Coastal areas are sites of population centers, navigation and recreation activities, and - source development, all of which contribute to environmental stress on the shelf. Proper management of the shelf for optimum use requires a thorough understanding of shelf processes. Complex problems, such as the influence of hydrodynamics on sediment dispersal, element differentiation and migration, physiochemical changes at the sediment water interface, the relationship - tween the pollutants and sediments, and the type of substrate with regard to benthic community and/or man-made structures require a multidisciplinary approach to their solution. The present study interrelates meteorologic, hyd- graphic, sedimentologic, and geochemical parameters to derme specific envir- ments on the Alaskan Shelf. These observations are then related to geologic principles in an effort to elucidate the sedimentary processes and elemental migration on the shelf. Attempts have also been made to relate the sediment texture to the geochem- try of the sediments. Obviously the chemistry is complicated as a result of b- genic contributions and variable provenance; however, to some extent elemental differentiation accompanies textural differentiation in sediments. The distribution of elements in various phases of crustal (source) rocks is gen- ally interpreted on the basis of crystallographic concepts, especially the concept of isomorphism.
Alberta Hailstorms (Meteorological Monographs #14)
by A. J. ChisholmThe objects of the American Meteorological Society are "the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals." The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.
Alboran Sea - Ecosystems and Marine Resources
by José Carlos Báez Juan-Tomás Vázquez Juan Antonio Camiñas Mohammed Malouli IdrissiThe Alboran Sea represents a regional Mediterranean space where North and South worlds merges, creating a geopolitical region where marine resources and maritime activities should be managed from a national and international perspectives. It is widely known, that currently the planet is suffering a global change, and it is also affecting the Alboran Sea, its ecosystems and populations. An important first step to update a paramount vision on this region is to understand the climatic, geologic and oceanographic, including biochemical cycles, process which shapes the rich geodiversity, biodiversity, the productivity, and the sustainable use of the marine resources from Alboran Sea. The fisheries management system should take into account marine environmental variability to achieve biological sustainability of marine resources. Well-funded policy-makers’ decisions require a sound science based knowledge of the interaction between the marine environment and commercial stocks. This is because the role of marine environment in the evolution of fish stocks is sometimes even more important than the one played by fishers in the commercial exploitation of them. Finally, we should analyze the different aspects of political context that could affect the management of the resources from Alboran Sea in the context of climate change. This book reviews different aspects of the Alboran Sea to help understand the current situation from the original Tethis Ocean. The book is divided into four blocks: (i) Oceanographic, geological and ecological context (chapters 2 to 7), (ii) biodiversity and ecosystems distribution (chapters 8 to 12), (iii) fisheries resources and aquaculture (chapters 13 to 20), and (iv) conservation, management and marine polices (chapters 21 to 25).
Album of Porous Media: Structure and Dynamics
Graphical depictions of abstract concepts have played a major role in the formulation and communication of ideas since prehistoric times. The invention of photography in the nineteenth century and more recent advances in visualization techniques have catalyzed an enormous wealth of insights into every field of science and engineering by extending our senses far beyond our natural sensorial capabilities. The field of porous media has also benefited enormously from these developments in visualization techniques. Indeed, improvements in these techniques have led to the better morphological characterization of porous media and an enhanced understanding of the assorted physical processes, such as mass transport, capillarity, swelling, and fracturing, that can occur at the pore level. These observations, in turn, have led to superior usage practices for existing porous materials and the design of new products with porous media. Therefore, this bilingual English-Spanish album is aimed at providing a collection of state‐of‐the‐art visualizations of the diverse aspects of porous media that will serve as a reference in education and research. To cover all these aspects properly, the album is organized into seven thematic parts. Each part includes a collection of chapters with images accompanied by a brief English-Spanish description of the novelty of the observation, the visualization technique used, and the phenomenological insights gained. Las representaciones gráficas de conceptos abstractos han jugado un papel importante en la formulación y comunicación de ideas desde tiempos prehistóricos. La invención de la fotografía en el siglo XIX y los avances más recientes en las técnicas de visualización han catalizado una enorme riqueza de conocimientos en todos los campos de la ciencia y la ingeniería al extender nuestros sentidos mucho más allá de nuestras capacidades sensoriales naturales. El campo de los medios porosos también se ha beneficiado enormemente de estos avances en las técnicas de visualización. De hecho, las mejoras en estas técnicas han llevado a una mejor caracterización morfológica de los medios porosos y una mejor comprensión de los diversos procesos físicos, como el transporte de masa, la capilaridad, la hinchazón y la fractura, que pueden ocurrir a nivel de poro. Estas observaciones, a su vez, han llevado a mejores prácticas de uso para los materiales porosos existentes y al diseño de nuevos productos con medios porosos. Por lo tanto, este álbum bilingüe inglés y español tiene como objetivo proporcionar una colección de visualizaciones del estado del arte de los diversos aspectos de los medios porosos que servirán como referencia en la educación y la investigación. Para cubrir adecuadamente todos estos aspectos, el álbum está organizado en siete partes temáticas. Cada parte incluye una colección de capítulos con imágenes acompañadas de una breve descripción en inglés y español de la originalidad de la observación, la técnica de visualización utilizada y los conocimientos fenomenológicos obtenidos.