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Norway in the Second World War: Politics, Society and Conflict
by Ole Kristian GrimnesCovering political, military, economic and social history, Norway in the Second World War is the most authoritative book on the subject in the English language. This innovative study describes how the Germans conquered Norway in 1940 and the type of government that was then imposed. German organisations such as the Wehrmacht, the SS and the civilian Reichskommissariat are all presented, along with how they operated during the occupation. Ole Kristian Grimnes examines the Norwegian Nazi Party and the important role that it played during the period, as well as analysing how the Norwegian economy became integrated into the German war economy. The Norwegian resistance (including the Communists) and the Norwegian government-in-exile are explored in detail, while a separate chapter on the Holocaust in both Norwegian and international contexts is also included. As such, Norway in the Second World War is the definitive text on war and Nazi occupation in a nation that has been sorely neglected by the literature in the field until now.
The Essential Writings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau
by Jean-Jacques Rousseau Peter ConstantineTranslated by Peter ConstantineEdited and with an new introduction by Leo Damrosch'Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains' is the dramatic opening line of The Social Contract, published in 1762. Quoted by politicians and philosophers alike, the power of this sentence continues to resonate. It laid the groundwork for both the American and French Revolutions, and is considered a foundational text in the development of the modern principles of human rights. Rousseau was an extraordinary visionary and a revolutionary thinker. The Essential Writings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau collects his best and most indispensable work. The book includes: Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality Among Men and The Social Contract in full, plus selections from Émile, a treatise on education, the autobiographical Reveries of the Solitary Walker and Julie, or the New Héloïse,an epistolary novel.
The Books that Made the European Enlightenment: A History in 12 Case Studies (Cultures of Early Modern Europe)
by Gary KatesIn contrast to traditional Enlightenment studies that focus solely on authors and ideas, Gary Kates' employs a literary lens to offer a wholly original history of the period in Europe from 1699 to 1780. Each chapter is a biography of a book which tells the story of the text from its inception through to the revolutionary era, with wider aspects of the Enlightenment era being revealed through the narrative of the book's publication and reception. Here, Kates joins new approaches to book history with more traditional intellectual history by treating authors, publishers, and readers in a balanced fashion throughout.Using a unique database of 18th-century editions representing 5,000 titles, the book looks at the multifaceted significance of bestsellers from the time. It analyses key works by Voltaire, Adam Smith, Madame de Graffigny, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and David Hume and champions the importance of a crucial innovation of the age: the rise of the 'erudite blockbuster', which for the first time in European history, helped to popularize political theory among a large portion of the middling classes. Kates also highlights how, when, and why some of these books were read in the European colonies, as well as incorporating the responses of both ordinary men and women as part of the reception histories that are so integral to the volume.
Natural Law: A Translation of the Textbook for Kant’s Lectures on Legal and Political Philosophy (Kant’s Sources in Translation)
by Gottfried AchenwallAs the first translation into any modern language of Achenwall's Ius naturae, from the 1763 edition used by Immanuel Kant, this is an essential work for students and Kant scholars. For over twenty years, Kant used this book as the basis for his lectures on natural law. It has influenced his legal and political philosophy, as well as his ethics, and is indispensable for understanding Kant's Feyerabend Lectures on Natural Law and his Metaphysics of Morals. Achenwall's Ius naturae focuses on the fundamental principles of legal and political philosophy. It first discusses the natural rights and obligations pertaining to the relations of humans independently of their membership in particular communities, and then discusses those pertaining to the family, the state, and international relations. Articulating his theory with clear definitions, precise distinctions, and instructive comparisons with the work of Grotius, Hobbes, Pufendorf, Wolff, and others, Achenwall offers a lucid account that fits squarely in the natural law tradition. His handbook is of interest to scholars of natural law, social contract theory, and the history of political theory more generally. This is a complete English translation of both volumes of the 1763 edition. The volume also includes an Introduction by eminent Kant scholar Paul Guyer, comparing Achenwall's theory to the legal and political philosophy of Kant's Doctrine of Right. Moreover, the volume features a concordance correlating the Ius naturae to Kant's Feyerabend Lectures on Natural Law.
A Discourse on Inequality: A Discourse On The Origin Of Inequality, And A Discourse On Political Economy
by Jean-Jacques Rousseau Maurice CranstonIn A Discourse on Inequality Rousseau sets out to demonstrate how the growth of civilization corrupts man’s natural happiness and freedom by creating artificial inequalities of wealth, power and social privilege. Contending that primitive man was equal to his fellows, Rousseau believed that as societies become more sophisticated, the strongest and most intelligent members of the community gain an unnatural advantage over their weaker brethren, and that constitutions set up to rectify these imbalances through peace and justice in fact do nothing but perpetuate them. Rousseau’s political and social arguments in the Discourse were a hugely influential denunciation of the social conditions of his time and one of the most revolutionary documents of the eighteenth-century.
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: A Vindication Of The Rights Of Woman - An Historical And Moral View Of The French Revolution (Vintage Feminism Short Editions)
by Mary WollstonecraftVintage Feminism: classic feminist texts in short formWITH AN INTRODUCTION BY ZOE WILLIAMS The term feminism did not yet exist when Mary Wollstonecraft wrote this book, but it was the first great piece of feminist writing. In these pages you will find the essence of her argument – for the education of women and for an increased female contribution to society. Her work made the first ripples of what would later become the tidal wave of the women’s rights movement. Rationalist but revolutionary, Wollstonecraft changed the world for women.
On Liberty: The Subjection Of Women
by John Stuart Mill Gertrude Himmelfarb'Over himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign.' To this 'one very simple principle' the whole of Mill's essay On Liberty is dedicated. While many of his immediate predecessors and contemporaries, from Adam Smith to Godwin and Thoreau, had celebrated liberty, it was Mill who organized the idea into a philosophy, and put it into the form in which it is generally known today. The editor of this essay, Gertrude Himmelfarb records responses to Mill's books and comments on his fear of 'the tyranny of the majority'. Dr Himmelfarb concludes that the same inconsistencies which underlie On Liberty continue to complicate the moral and political stance of liberals today.
Capital: A Critique Of Political Economy (volume Ii) (Capital)
by Karl Marx David Fernbach Ernest MandelThe "forgotten" second volume of Capital, Marx's world-shaking analysis of economics, politics, and history, contains the vital discussion of commodity, the cornerstone to Marx's theories.
Capital: Volume Iii: The Process Of Production As A Whole (Capital)
by Karl Marx David Fernbach Ernest MandelUnfinished at the time of Marx's death in 1883 and first published with a preface by Frederick Engels in 1894, the third volume of Das Kapital strove to combine the theories and concepts of the two previous volumes in order to prove conclusively that capitalism is inherently unworkable as a permanent system for society. Here, Marx asserts controversially that - regardless of the efforts of individual capitalists, public authorities or even generous philanthropists - any market economy is inevitably doomed to endure a series of worsening, explosive crises leading finally to complete collapse. But healso offers an inspirational and compelling prediction: that the end of capitalism will culminate, ultimately, in the birth of a far greater form of society.
Capital: Volume I (Capital #1)
by Karl Marx'A groundbreaking work of economic analysis. It is also a literary masterpice' Francis Wheen, GuardianOne of the most notorious and influential works of modern times, Capital is an incisive critique of private property and the social relations it generates. Living in exile in England, where this work was largely written, Marx drew on a wide-ranging knowledge of its society to support his analysis. Arguing that capitalism would cause an ever-increasing division in wealth and welfare, he predicted its abolition and replacement by a system with common ownership of the means of production. Capital rapidly acquired readership throughout the world, to become a work described by Marx's collaborator Friedrich Engels as 'the Bible of the working class'.Translated by BEN FOWKES with an Introduction by ERNEST MANDEL
Goethe’s Theory of Colours (Routledge Revivals)
by Johann Wolfgang GoetheFirst published in German in 1810, this detailed volume was translated from the German by Charles Lock Eastlake and, in six parts, examines every aspect of Goethe’s theory of colours, including psychological colours, chemical colours, the moral effect of colour, minerals, plants, insects, mammals and a multitude of further subjects.
Goethe’s Theory of Colours: Translated From The German, With Notes (Routledge Revivals)
by Johann Wolfgang GoetheFirst published in German in 1810, this detailed volume was translated from the German by Charles Lock Eastlake and, in six parts, examines every aspect of Goethe’s theory of colours, including psychological colours, chemical colours, the moral effect of colour, minerals, plants, insects, mammals and a multitude of further subjects.
Beyond Good and Evil: Penguin Classics
by Friedrich Nietzsche R. J. Hollingdale Michael TannerBeyond Good and Evil confirmed Nietzsche's position as the towering European philosopher of his age. The work dramatically rejects the tradition of Western thought with its notions of truth and God, good and evil. Nietzsche demonstrates that the Christian world is steeped in a false piety and infected with a 'slave morality'. With wit and energy, he turns from this critique to a philosophy that celebrates the present and demands that the individual imposes their own 'will to power' upon the world.
Eine Untersuchung über die Natur des menschlichen Wissens mit Berücksichtigung des Verhältnisses der Philosophie zum Empirismus
by J. A. Voigtlaender
OK (Object Lessons)
by Michelle McSweeneyObject Lessons is a series of short, beautifully designed books about the hidden lives of ordinary things."OK" as a word accepts proposals, describes the world as satisfactory (but not good), provides conversational momentum, or even agrees (or disagrees). OK as an object, however, tells a story of how technology writes itself into language, permanently altering communication. OK is a young word, less than 200 years old. It began as an acronym for “all correct” when the steam-powered printing press pushed newspapers into the mainstream. Today it is spoken and written by nearly everyone in the world. Drawing on linguistics, history, and new media studies, Michelle McSweeney traces OK from its birth in the Penny Presses through telephone lines, grammar books, and television signals into the digital age.Nearly ubiquitous and often overlooked, OK illustrates the never-ending dance between language, technology, and culture, and offers lessons for our own techno-historical moment.Object Lessons is published in partnership with an essay series in The Atlantic.
The Foreign Political Press in Nineteenth-Century London: Politics from a Distance
by Constance Bantman Ana Cláudia da SilvaIn a period of turmoil when European and international politics were in constant reshaping, immigrants and political exiles living in London set up periodicals which contributed actively to national and international political debates. Reflecting an interdisciplinary and international discussion, this book offers a rare long-term specialist perspective into the cosmopolitan and multilingual world of the foreign political press in London, with an emphasis on periodicals published in European languages. It furthers current research into political exile, the role of print culture and personal networks as intercultural agents and the dynamics of transnational political and cultural exchange in global capitals. Individual chapters deal with Brazilian, French, German, Indian, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Spanish American, and Russian periodicals. Overarching themes include a historical survey of foreign political groups present in London throughout the long 19th century and the causes and movements they championed; analyses of the press in local and transnational contexts; and a focus on its actors and on the material conditions in which this press was created and disseminated. The Foreign Political Press in Nineteenth-Century London is a useful volume for students and academics with an interest in 19th-century politics or the history of the press.
Are You There, God? It's Me, Ellen
by Ellen Coyne’This isn’t a Catholic country anymore,’ someone proudly declared in a pub where Ellen Coyne was sitting.Ellen had left the Church long ago, like many her age. But she had never stopped talking to God. Now, about to turn 30, she realised she wasn’t quite ready for this declaration to be true.Abandoning the Church had been an act of protest. However, Ellen began to wonder: who had really lost the most? Why should those who damaged the Church get to keep all its good bits, like the rituals, the community, a guide for living a better life and the comfort of believing it’s not the end when somebody dies?But how could she ally herself to an institution she doesn’t entirely agree with? In her first book, a stunningly thoughtful and intelligent debut, Ellen Coyne tries to figure out how much she really wants to go back to the Church, and if it is even the right thing to do.‘Get ready – this is going to inspire a thousand conversations across Ireland about the role of the Church in our society and our future’ Louise O’Neill‘I flew through this on a “will she, won’t she?” knife-edge, all the while questioning my own attitude to faith and spirituality’ Emer McLysaght‘Sings with sincerity … this is the book the church doesn't know it needs for its own survival’ Justine McCarthy
Aristotle on Fallacies; or The Sophistici Elenchi (Routledge Revivals)
by Edward PosteFirst published in 1866, Aristotle on fallacies; or the Sophistici Elenchi, Poste explains Aristotles explanation of the nature of fallacies, if not satisfactory, seems to be as compete and intelligible as any that has since been offered.
Aristotle on Fallacies; or The Sophistici Elenchi (Routledge Revivals)
by Edward PosteFirst published in 1866, Aristotle on fallacies; or the Sophistici Elenchi, Poste explains Aristotles explanation of the nature of fallacies, if not satisfactory, seems to be as compete and intelligible as any that has since been offered.
