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Authentic Materials Myths: Applying Second Language Research to Classroom Teaching

The use of authentic materials in language classrooms is sometimes discussed as a reliable way to expose students to the target language, but there is also disagreement regarding what kinds of authentic materials should be used, when they should be used, and how much of the curriculum should revolve around them. This volume in the Myths series explores the research related to the use of authentic materials and the ways that authentic materials may be used successfully in the classroom. Like others in the Myths series, this book combines research with good pedagogical practices. The myths examined in this book are: Authentic texts are inaccessible to beginners. Authentic texts cannot be used to teach grammar. Shorter texts are more beneficial for language learners. Activating background knowledge or making a word list is sufficient to prepare students for authentic texts. Authentic texts can be used to teach only listening and reading. Modifying or simplifying authentic texts always helps language learners. For learners to benefit from using authentic texts, the associated tasks must also be authentic. The Epilogue explores the challenges of using authentic texts in the classroom and calls for more research.

Morphosyntax of Verb Movement: A Minimalist Approach to the Syntax of Dutch (Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory #39)

Morphosyntax of Verb Movement discusses the phenomenon of Dutch, present in many Germanic languages, that the finite verb is fronted in main clauses but not in embedded clauses. The theoretical framework adopted is the so-called Minimalist Program of Chomsky (1995), the latest developmental stage of generative grammar. Taking issue with previous analyses, the author argues that phrase structure in Dutch is uniformly head initial, and that the finite verb moves to different positions in subject initial main clauses and in inversion constructions. The book contains lucid and detailed discussion of many theoretical issues in connection with the Minimalist Program, such as the relation between syntax and morphology, the nature of syntactic licensing, and the structure of the functional domain. At the same time, it offers a survey of the properties of Dutch syntax, a discussion of previous analyses of Dutch syntax and a wealth of material from dialects of Dutch and other Germanic languages.

Revivalistics: From the Genesis of Israeli to Language Reclamation in Australia and Beyond

In this book, Ghil'ad Zuckermann introduces revivalistics, a new trans-disciplinary field of enquiry surrounding language reclamation, revitalization, and reinvigoration. Applying lessons from the Hebrew revival of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to contemporary endangered languages, Zuckermann takes readers along a fascinating and multifaceted journey into language revival and provides new insights into language genesis. Beginning with a critical analysis of Israeli-the language resulting from the Hebrew revival-Zuckermann's radical theory contradicts conventional accounts of the Hebrew revival and challenges the family tree model of historical linguistics. Revivalistics demonstrates how grammatical cross-fertilization with the revivalists' mother tongues is inevitable in the case of successful "revival languages." The second part of the book then applies these lessons from the Israeli language to revival movements in Australia and globally, describing the "why" and "how" of revivalistics. With examples from the Barngarla Aboriginal language of South Australia, Zuckermann proposes ethical, aesthetic, and utilitarian reasons for language revival and offers practical methods for reviving languages. Based on years of the author's research, fieldwork, and personal experience with language revivals all over the globe, Revivalistics offers ground-breaking theoretical and pragmatic contributions to the field of language reclamation, revitalization, and reinvigoration.

Revivalistics: From the Genesis of Israeli to Language Reclamation in Australia and Beyond

In this book, Ghil'ad Zuckermann introduces revivalistics, a new trans-disciplinary field of enquiry surrounding language reclamation, revitalization, and reinvigoration. Applying lessons from the Hebrew revival of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to contemporary endangered languages, Zuckermann takes readers along a fascinating and multifaceted journey into language revival and provides new insights into language genesis. Beginning with a critical analysis of Israeli-the language resulting from the Hebrew revival-Zuckermann's radical theory contradicts conventional accounts of the Hebrew revival and challenges the family tree model of historical linguistics. Revivalistics demonstrates how grammatical cross-fertilization with the revivalists' mother tongues is inevitable in the case of successful "revival languages." The second part of the book then applies these lessons from the Israeli language to revival movements in Australia and globally, describing the "why" and "how" of revivalistics. With examples from the Barngarla Aboriginal language of South Australia, Zuckermann proposes ethical, aesthetic, and utilitarian reasons for language revival and offers practical methods for reviving languages. Based on years of the author's research, fieldwork, and personal experience with language revivals all over the globe, Revivalistics offers ground-breaking theoretical and pragmatic contributions to the field of language reclamation, revitalization, and reinvigoration.

Medical Arabic

Medical Arabic is a valuable resource for students interested in learning medical Arabic at ACTFL level Advanced Low. Effective communication is essential in health care, and communication is most effective when both parties share a common language, therefore resulting in a comfortable relationship between health care provider and patient. This textbook is intended for those with prior knowledge of Arabic language and grammar. It is designed to provide students with the linguistic and cultural competencies and medical Arabic terminology necessary to communicate in medical settings such as a hospital, clinic, or a community health care facility. Students will be able to ask questions in Arabic and provide answers in common medical situations, conduct patient interviews, and understand a wider variety of possible responses from patients. The book provides clear explanations of medical vocabulary and concepts as they occur in the reading materials to encourage active interaction with the text. The book’s drills are designed as either in-class exercises or homework. The answer key for the book exercises is also provided as a downloadable e-resource. Written by dynamic authors who taught Arabic as a foreign language for several years and reviewed by physicians and professionals in the field, the book is an essential guide for students in medical school, biology, and other science majors. Students will find Medical Arabic more than merely a textbook but rather a pathway to enhance their communication skills effectively.

Medical Arabic

Medical Arabic is a valuable resource for students interested in learning medical Arabic at ACTFL level Advanced Low. Effective communication is essential in health care, and communication is most effective when both parties share a common language, therefore resulting in a comfortable relationship between health care provider and patient. This textbook is intended for those with prior knowledge of Arabic language and grammar. It is designed to provide students with the linguistic and cultural competencies and medical Arabic terminology necessary to communicate in medical settings such as a hospital, clinic, or a community health care facility. Students will be able to ask questions in Arabic and provide answers in common medical situations, conduct patient interviews, and understand a wider variety of possible responses from patients. The book provides clear explanations of medical vocabulary and concepts as they occur in the reading materials to encourage active interaction with the text. The book’s drills are designed as either in-class exercises or homework. The answer key for the book exercises is also provided as a downloadable e-resource. Written by dynamic authors who taught Arabic as a foreign language for several years and reviewed by physicians and professionals in the field, the book is an essential guide for students in medical school, biology, and other science majors. Students will find Medical Arabic more than merely a textbook but rather a pathway to enhance their communication skills effectively.

Edexcel Spanish Grammar for A Level (PDF)

Edexcel Spanish Grammar for A Level is a comprehensive grammar reference textbook for students studying for Edexcel A level Spanish. It takes a contemporary approach to language and gives plenty of practice with graded reinforcement exercises. Our contents grid aligns to the latest Edexcel GCE A Level specification, highlighting the language and grammatical structures you need for the AS and A2 exam.

Essential Italian Vocabulary: Teach Yourself (Teach Yourself Language Reference)

Essential Italian Vocabulary is the course for you if you need help with your study of Italian. This fully revised edition of our best-selling course now comes with free downloadable audio support containing hints on how to learn vocabulary effectively. Unlike a phrasebook or a dictionary, Essential Italian Vocabulary will take your existing knowledge and build on it systematically and organically, so that you will increase your vocabulary and at the same time expand your range of expression.

Essential Spanish Vocabulary: Teach Yourself (Teach Yourself Language Reference)

Essential Spanish Vocabulary is the course for you if you need help with your study of Spanish. This fully revised edition of our best-selling course now comes with free downloadable audio support containing hints on how to learn vocabulary effectively.Unlike a phrasebook or a dictionary, Essential Spanish Vocabulary will take your existing knowledge and build on it systematically and organically, so that you will increase your vocabulary and at the same time expand your range of expression.At the beginning of the book there is a section to help you with your pronunciation, followed by a short and simple grammar summary.The main part of the book is arranged in topics, such as 'Work', 'Travel and Accommodation' and 'Food and Drink', and concentrates on the vital and most current words and expressions, listing those which you might already know and then extending the coverage to teach you those you probably do not know.Finally, the downloadable audio recording will give you hints on how to increase your vocabulary effortlessly.This is an ideal companion if you are a language student or if you are wanting a systematic, easy-to-use tool to increase the range of your vocabulary and improve your ability to express yourself in a wide variety of situations, either on holiday or on a business trip. Learn effortlessly with a new, easy-to-read page design and interactive features: NOT GOT MUCH TIME?One, five and ten-minute introductions to key principles to get you started.AUTHOR INSIGHTSLots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience.END-OF-UNIT SUMMARIES AND ONLINE TESTSSummaries and tests to help you consolidate and keep track of your progress.EXTEND YOUR KNOWLEDGEExtra online articles at: www.teachyourself.com to give you a richer understanding of the culture and history of Spain.

Spanish Grammar Made Easy

Spanish Grammar Made Easy is the ideal introduction to the basics of Spanish grammar for anyone new to the language or looking to refresh their knowledge. This second edition features: concise and jargon-free explanations supported by examples exercises throughout to reinforce learning a 'fast-track' option for more advanced learners a full answer key, making the Grammar ideal for self-study. A companion website is available at http://cw.routledge.com/textbooks/9781138955820. With over 200 additional exercises and audio, it provides ample grammar practice for learners as well as the opportunity to practise listening and pronunciation skills. Spanish Grammar Made Easy presents the essential patterns and rules of the Spanish language in a clear and accessible manner. It is the ideal Grammar for those wishing to supplement their learning and move beyond the phrasebook level.

Spanish Grammar Made Easy (Grammar Made Easy Ser.)

Spanish Grammar Made Easy is the ideal introduction to the basics of Spanish grammar for anyone new to the language or looking to refresh their knowledge. This second edition features: concise and jargon-free explanations supported by examples exercises throughout to reinforce learning a 'fast-track' option for more advanced learners a full answer key, making the Grammar ideal for self-study. A companion website is available at http://cw.routledge.com/textbooks/9781138955820. With over 200 additional exercises and audio, it provides ample grammar practice for learners as well as the opportunity to practise listening and pronunciation skills. Spanish Grammar Made Easy presents the essential patterns and rules of the Spanish language in a clear and accessible manner. It is the ideal Grammar for those wishing to supplement their learning and move beyond the phrasebook level.

Modern German Grammar Workbook (Modern Grammar Workbooks)

Modern German Grammar Workbook, Third Edition, is an innovative book of exercises and language tasks for intermediate and advanced learners of German. The book is divided into three sections: Section 1 provides exercises based on essential grammatical structures. Section 2 practises everyday functions (e.g. making introductions, apologising, expressing needs). Section 3 contains realistic role-plays in short scenes, set in a range of different contexts. A comprehensive answer key at the back of the book enables you to check on your progress. Implementing feedback from users of the second edition, this third edition now features: even more extensive cross-referencing to the related Modern German Grammar, Third Edition spelling following the latest reform representation of the German of Switzerland and Austria. Modern German Grammar Workbook, Third Edition, is ideal for all learners who want to deepen their knowledge of German, including intermediate and advanced students at schools, in adult education and within higher education. It can be used independently or alongside Modern German Grammar, Third Edition (ISBN 978-0-415-56726-8) also published by Routledge.

Modern German Grammar Workbook (Modern Grammar Workbooks)

Modern German Grammar Workbook, Third Edition, is an innovative book of exercises and language tasks for intermediate and advanced learners of German. The book is divided into three sections: Section 1 provides exercises based on essential grammatical structures. Section 2 practises everyday functions (e.g. making introductions, apologising, expressing needs). Section 3 contains realistic role-plays in short scenes, set in a range of different contexts. A comprehensive answer key at the back of the book enables you to check on your progress. Implementing feedback from users of the second edition, this third edition now features: even more extensive cross-referencing to the related Modern German Grammar, Third Edition spelling following the latest reform representation of the German of Switzerland and Austria. Modern German Grammar Workbook, Third Edition, is ideal for all learners who want to deepen their knowledge of German, including intermediate and advanced students at schools, in adult education and within higher education. It can be used independently or alongside Modern German Grammar, Third Edition (ISBN 978-0-415-56726-8) also published by Routledge.

A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic

Modern Icelandic is closer to the speech patterns of the Middle Ages than any living European language. Thus, a knowledge of Icelandic is highly relevant to the study of English history. This volume, one of the most complete available, will be indispensable to scholars of medieval Icelandic and English culture and history.

Russian-English Translators Dictionary: A Guide to Scientific and Technical Usage

Articulations of Self and Politics in Activist Discourse: A Discourse Analysis of Critical Subjectivities in Minority Debates

This book focuses on the discursive processes that allow activists to make sense of themselves and of the modes of politics they engage in. It shows how political and metadiscursive awareness develop in tandem with a reconfiguration of one’s sense of self. The author offers an integrated pragmatic and poststructuralist perspective on self and subjectivity. He draws on Essex style discourse theory, early pragmatist philosophy, and linguistic pragmatics, arguing for a notion of discourse as a multi-dimensional practice of articulation. Demonstrating the analytical power of this perspective, he puts his approach to work in an analysis of activist discourse on integration and minority issues in Flanders, Belgium. Subjects articulate a whole range of norms, values, identities and narratives to each other when they engage in political discourse. This book offers a way to analyse the logics that structure political awareness and the associated boundaries for discursive self-interpretation.

Articulations of Self and Politics in Activist Discourse: A Discourse Analysis of Critical Subjectivities in Minority Debates

This book focuses on the discursive processes that allow activists to make sense of themselves and of the modes of politics they engage in. It shows how political and metadiscursive awareness develop in tandem with a reconfiguration of one’s sense of self. The author offers an integrated pragmatic and poststructuralist perspective on self and subjectivity. He draws on Essex style discourse theory, early pragmatist philosophy, and linguistic pragmatics, arguing for a notion of discourse as a multi-dimensional practice of articulation. Demonstrating the analytical power of this perspective, he puts his approach to work in an analysis of activist discourse on integration and minority issues in Flanders, Belgium. Subjects articulate a whole range of norms, values, identities and narratives to each other when they engage in political discourse. This book offers a way to analyse the logics that structure political awareness and the associated boundaries for discursive self-interpretation.

Sprechapraxie: Grundlagen - Diagnostik - Therapie (Praxiswissen Logopädie)

Dieses Buch aus der Reihe Praxiswissen Logopädie ist ein Brückenschlag zwischen Theorie und Praxis. Umfassendes Grundlagenwissen zur Sprechapraxie wird ergänzt durch:Hilfestellungen für die differenzialdiagnostische Abgrenzung, eine anschauliche Darstellung diagnostischer Möglichkeiten, eine umfangreiche Übersicht und kritische Reflexion bekannter Therapieansätze, Therapiebausteine und Orientierungshilfen für die Entwicklung individueller Behandlungskonzepte. Mit zahlreichen Abbildungen, praxisorientierten Tipps, weiterführende Literaturhinweise und Internetlinks sowie ein Anamnesebogen zum DownloadRenommierte Autoren transportieren verständlich und praxisnah ihr Wissen und ihre Erfahrungen mit diesem komplexen Krankheitsbild. Sie rüsten den Leser für eine gut begründete und effiziente Arbeit mit dem Patienten.

Fathoming Translation as Discursive Experience: Theorization and Application

In his positive approach to translation studies featured in this highly original volume, Chunshen Zhu brings into perspective from the vantage point of translation the workings of human factors in text production, interpretation, and dissemination in and through translation in varying social situations. This book examines a variety of key issues heatedly debated or largely neglected in the field of translation studies and beyond, for example, meaning making, nature of the Unit of Translation, augmentation of transitivity by modification, signification of repetition, and cognitive effects of syntactic iconicity, by critically engaging insights from functional linguistics and philosophy of language, among other fields of study. These issue-driven, phenomenon-focused, and theorization-oriented studies, presented in eight chapters with ample exemplification and case studies, form a coherent whole to bring a network of correlations between theory and practice, linguistics and literature, form and content, information structure and communicative function, intention and effect, and textuality and experience to bear upon the study of translation, fathoming its depths not only as a linguistic operation but more significantly as a textually accountable process of intersubjective and cross-lingual sign making that facilitates humans’ understanding of themselves and of the world. The book is therefore a useful reference for scholars, teachers, and postgraduate and research students who are interested in a comprehensive yet focused approach to translation as an academic subject straddling linguistics and literary, cultural, and social studies, as well as for those who would like to observe bilingualism and cross-cultural communication through translation in general and translation involving the Chinese language in particular.

Fathoming Translation as Discursive Experience: Theorization and Application

In his positive approach to translation studies featured in this highly original volume, Chunshen Zhu brings into perspective from the vantage point of translation the workings of human factors in text production, interpretation, and dissemination in and through translation in varying social situations. This book examines a variety of key issues heatedly debated or largely neglected in the field of translation studies and beyond, for example, meaning making, nature of the Unit of Translation, augmentation of transitivity by modification, signification of repetition, and cognitive effects of syntactic iconicity, by critically engaging insights from functional linguistics and philosophy of language, among other fields of study. These issue-driven, phenomenon-focused, and theorization-oriented studies, presented in eight chapters with ample exemplification and case studies, form a coherent whole to bring a network of correlations between theory and practice, linguistics and literature, form and content, information structure and communicative function, intention and effect, and textuality and experience to bear upon the study of translation, fathoming its depths not only as a linguistic operation but more significantly as a textually accountable process of intersubjective and cross-lingual sign making that facilitates humans’ understanding of themselves and of the world. The book is therefore a useful reference for scholars, teachers, and postgraduate and research students who are interested in a comprehensive yet focused approach to translation as an academic subject straddling linguistics and literary, cultural, and social studies, as well as for those who would like to observe bilingualism and cross-cultural communication through translation in general and translation involving the Chinese language in particular.

Chinese for Working Professionals: A Textbook for Intermediate-High to Advanced Learners

Chinese for Working Professionals is for learners who intend to use Chinese in a multinational global workplace. It has eight thematic units focusing on developing learners’ transferrable skills in addition to expanding the cross-cultural competences required in a real-world work-place. Key features: Topical themes expose the ongoing changes in China for working professionals such as career preparation, economic development, business etiquette, the working environment, and overall lifestyle. Authentic reading materials and live videos on a companion website to incorporate understandings of the norm and expectations of the workplace and society at-large, and also prepare learners for a quick transition from classroom to targeted scenarios. Abundant simulated real-life collaborative tasks, case studies and projects enhance learners’ problem-solving skills in Chinese, in addition to work strategies under different scenarios such as communication for work and leisure, and teamwork projects necessary and crucial for professions in multilingual and cross-cultural global settings. This textbook is a key resource for learners of Chinese at an ACTFL Intermediate High proficiency level and above, or CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference for Language) B1.2 to B2.1 level in terms of language control, extensive and applicable vocabulary and expressions, communication strategies, as well as cultural awareness.

Language Policy in the People’s Republic of China: Theory and Practice Since 1949 (Language Policy #4)

Language matters in China. It is about power, identity, opportunities, and, above all, passion and nationalism. During the past five decades China’s language engineering projects transformed its linguistic landscape, affecting over one billion people’s lives, including both the majority and minority populations. The Han majority have been juggling between their home vernaculars and the official speech, Putonghua - a speech of no native speakers - and reading their way through a labyrinth of the traditional, simplified, and Pinyin (Roman) scripts. Moreover, the various minority groups have been struggling between their native languages and Chinese, maintaining the former for their heritages and identities and learning the latter for quality education and socioeconomic advancement. The contributors of this volume provide the first comprehensive scrutiny of this sweeping linguistic revolution from three unique perspectives. First, outside scholars critically question the parities between constitutional rights and actual practices and between policies and outcomes. Second, inside policy practitioners review their own project involvements and inside politics, pondering over missteps, undergoing soul-searching, and theorizing their personal experiences. Third, scholars of minority origin give inside views of policy implementations and challenges in their home communities. The volume sheds light on the complexity of language policy making and implementing as well as on the politics and ideology of language in contemporary China.

Language Ideology and Order in Rising China

This text considers contemporary China’s language ideology and how it supports China as a rising global power player. It examines the materialization of this ideology as China’s language order unfolds on two front, promoting Putonghua domestically and globally, alongside its economic growth and military expansion. Within the conceptual framework of language ideology and language order and using PRC policy documents, education annals, and fieldwork, this book explores how China’s language ideology is related to its growing global power as well as its domestic and global outreaches. It also addresses how this ideology has been materialized as a language order in terms of institutional development and support, and what impact these choices are having on China and the world. Focusing on the relationship between language ideology and language order, the book highlights a closer and coherent linguistic association between China’s domestic drive and global outreach since the turn of the century.

Zhoutun (Routledge World Languages)

This book presents a description of the grammar of Zhoutun, an endangered Sinitic variety spoken by less than 1000 people in the Qinghai Province of northwest China. With vocabulary predominantly from Chinese and Tibetan syntax, Zhoutun is one of the Sinitic varieties most distant from Standard Chinese, with unexpected typological features like, for example, case markers, rigid SOV word order, simplified tonal system, negative copula as a disjunctive coordinator and "locutor-referential pronoun" which is not found in Chinese and in many languages. Zhoutun is also a representative variety of the Gansu-Qinghai linguistic area in which Mongolic and Turkic languages coexist with Tibetan and Chinese dialects from a long time. This book also describes the sociolinguistic and sociohistorical contexts of Zhoutun. It should be of interest to specialists and students of language contact, linguistic typology, Chinese dialectology, language geography, anthropological linguistics, sociolinguistics, folklore studies, and preservation of endangered languages.

Zhoutun (Routledge World Languages)

This book presents a description of the grammar of Zhoutun, an endangered Sinitic variety spoken by less than 1000 people in the Qinghai Province of northwest China. With vocabulary predominantly from Chinese and Tibetan syntax, Zhoutun is one of the Sinitic varieties most distant from Standard Chinese, with unexpected typological features like, for example, case markers, rigid SOV word order, simplified tonal system, negative copula as a disjunctive coordinator and "locutor-referential pronoun" which is not found in Chinese and in many languages. Zhoutun is also a representative variety of the Gansu-Qinghai linguistic area in which Mongolic and Turkic languages coexist with Tibetan and Chinese dialects from a long time. This book also describes the sociolinguistic and sociohistorical contexts of Zhoutun. It should be of interest to specialists and students of language contact, linguistic typology, Chinese dialectology, language geography, anthropological linguistics, sociolinguistics, folklore studies, and preservation of endangered languages.