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The United States and the End of the Cold War: Implications, Reconsiderations, Provocations
by John Lewis GaddisThe Cold War ended with an exhilarating wave of events: the toppling of the Berlin Wall, the rise of the dissident poet Vaclav Havel, the revolution in Romania. Americans rejoiced at the dramatic conclusion of the long struggle. "But victories in wars--hot or cold--tend to unfocus the mind," writes John Gaddis. "It can be a dangerous thing to have achieved one's objectives, because one then has to decide what to do next." In The United States and the End of the Cold War, Gaddis provides a sharp focus on the long history of the Cold War, shedding new light on its sudden ending, as well as on what might come next. In this provocative, insightful book, Gaddis offers a number of thoughtful essays on the history of international relations during the last half century. His reassessments of important figures and themes from the Cold War are sometimes surprising. For example, he portrays John Foster Dulles and Ronald Reagan as far more flexible and perceptive statesmen than the missile-toting caricatures depicted in editorial cartoons. And he takes a second look at the importance of espionage and intelligence in Cold War history, a field often left to buffs and spy novelists. Most important, he focuses on the central elements in superpower relations. In an eloquent account of the American style of foreign policy in the twentieth century, for instance, he explores how Americans (having learned the lesson of Adolf Hitler) consistently equated the forms of foreign governments with their external behavior, assuming that authoritarian states would be aggressive states. He also analyzes the "tectonics" of Cold War history, demonstrating how long term changes in international affairs and Soviet bloc countries built up pressures that led to the sudden earthquakes of 1989. And along the way, Gaddis illuminates such topics as the role of morality in American foreign policy, the relevance of nuclear weapons to the balance of power, and the objectives of containment. He even includes (and criticizes) an essay entitled, "How the Cold War Might End," written before the dramatic events of recent years, to demonstrate how quickly the tide of history can overwhelm contemporary analysis. Gaddis concludes with a thoughtful consideration of the problems and forces at work in the post-Cold War world. Author of such works as The Long Peace and Strategies of Containment, John Lewis Gaddis is one of the leading authorities on postwar American foreign policy. In these perceptive, highly readable essays, he provides a fresh assessment of the evolution of the Cold War, and insight into the shape of things to come.
The United States and the European Pillar: The Strained Alliance
by William C. CronwellThe first major study of Atlantic political relations since World War 2 that uses a comparative perspective to analyze U.S. foreign policy and U.S.-European relations in the context of a Western Europe attempting to speak with one voice. The book examines U.S. policy toward European unity and the evolution of a West European pillar in foreign policy and defence, contrasts U.S. and European approaches toward specific global issues, and considers Atlantic relations in light of the dramatic European upheavals in 1989-90.
Urban Masses and Moral Order in America, 1820-1920
by Paul BoyerFor over a century, dark visions of moral collapse and social disintegration in American cities spurred an anxious middle class to search for ways to restore order. In this important book, Paul Boyer explores the links between the urban reforms of the Progressive era and the long efforts of prior generations to tame the cities. He integrates the ideologies of urban crusades with an examination of the careers and the mentalities of a group of vigorous activists, including Lyman Beecher; the pioneers of the tract societies and Sunday schools; Charles Loring Brace of the Children's Aid Society; Josephine Shaw Lowell of the Charity Organization movement; the father of American playgrounds, Joseph Lee; and the eloquent city planner Daniel Hudson Burnham. Boyer describes the early attempts of Jacksonian evangelicals to recreate in the city the social equivalent of the morally homogeneous village; he also discusses later strategies that tried to exert a moral influence on urban immigrant families by voluntarist effort, including, for instance, the Charity Organizations' "friendly visitors." By the 1890s there had developed two sharply divergent trends in thinking about urban planning and social control: the bleak assessment that led to coercive strategies and the hopeful evaluation that emphasized the importance of environmental betterment as a means of urban moral control.
Urbanization And Regional Disparities In Post-revolutionary Iran
by Ahmad SharbatoghlieIran's rapid population growth, coupled with a legacy of political and administrative centralization, has led to acute regional disparities. Although the roots of these inequalities can be traced back to the monarchical era, this book shows how the Revolution and subsequent developments have significantly affected the social and economic conditions of urban and rural areas in post-revolutionary Iran. Considering geographic, demographic, structural and policy factors, the author presents a multi-levelled analysis of Iran's current situation and offers a proposal for a more balanced future development strategy.
Urbanization And Regional Disparities In Post-revolutionary Iran
by Ahmad SharbatoghlieIran's rapid population growth, coupled with a legacy of political and administrative centralization, has led to acute regional disparities. Although the roots of these inequalities can be traced back to the monarchical era, this book shows how the Revolution and subsequent developments have significantly affected the social and economic conditions of urban and rural areas in post-revolutionary Iran. Considering geographic, demographic, structural and policy factors, the author presents a multi-levelled analysis of Iran's current situation and offers a proposal for a more balanced future development strategy.
US-West European Relations During the Reagan Years: The Perspective of West European Publics
by Steven K. Smith Douglas A. WertmanUsing extensive survey data, the authors examine the major issues which dominated US-West European relations during the Reagan years. These include security issues, terrorism, economic relations, superpower relations, and American and Soviet images.
Valuing Wildlife Resources In Alaska
by George PetersonThis book is a collection of papers written for a workshop on the economic value of Alaskan wildlife resources held at Denali National Park in September 1989. It provides resource managers and policy makers with enough background to address their own needs for economic information and analysis.
A Vindication of Political Virtue: The Political Theory of Mary Wollstonecraft
by Virginia SapiroNearly two hundred years ago, Mary Wollstonecraft wrote what is considered to be the first major work of feminist political theory: A Vindication of the Rights of Women. Much has been written about this work, and about Wollstonecraft as the intellectual pioneer of feminism, but the actual substance and coherence of her political thought have been virtually ignored. Virginia Sapiro here provides the first full-length treatment of Wollstonecraft's political theory. Drawing on all of Wollstonecraft's works and treating them thematically rather than sequentially, Sapiro shows that Wollstonecraft's ideas about women's rights, feminism, and gender are elements of a broad and fully developed philosophy, one with significant implications for contemporary democratic and liberal theory. The issues raised speak to many current debates in theory, including those surrounding interpretation of the history of feminism, the relationship between liberalism and republicanism in the development of political philosophy, and the debate over the canon. For political scientists, most of whom know little about Wollstonecraft's thought, Sapiro's book is an excellent, nuanced introduction which will cause a reconsideration of her work and her significance both for her time and for today's concerns. For feminist scholars, Sapiro's book offers a rounded and unconventional analysis of Wollstonecraft's thought. Written with considerable charm and verve, this book will be the starting point for understanding this important writer for years to come.
Wages, Regime Switching, and Cycles
by Piero Ferri Edward GreenbergThe initial purposes of this book were to update and extend the discussion and the results presented ill our previous book, The Labor Market and Business Cycle Theories. Our 1990 article, which appeared in The Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, represented a first step in this direction. The consequences of this effort have materialized in a number of new chapters that has led de facto to a new book, in which the surviving parts have been largely revised. The 1989 book was too mathematically oriented for many Keynesians and post Keynesians to be fully appreciated and insufficiently microfounded for both new classicals and new-Keynesians to be warmly accepted, yet we received positive and encouraging comments, and it was sold out very quickly. It was an attempt to dis cuss dynamics in Keynesian terms, based on a double assumption that maintains its validity-that both economic facts and analytical and methodological innova tions had contributed to a renewed interest in business cycles, which over time has had its "ups and downs." Since then, many more articles and books have appeared, stressing in particular the role of microfoundations and of nonlinearities in shaping business cycle theory.
The Wald Report: The Decline Of Israeli National Security Since 1967
by Emanuel WaldIt took only fifteen years for an army once known for its agility and operational brilliance to turn into a clumsy bureaucratic labyrinth, according to Colonel Emanuel Wald's report to Israeli Chief of Staff Moshe Levi. Not surprisingly, Wald's conclusions greatly embarrassed Israeli political and military leaders as news of the report circulated t
The Wald Report: The Decline Of Israeli National Security Since 1967
by Emanuel WaldIt took only fifteen years for an army once known for its agility and operational brilliance to turn into a clumsy bureaucratic labyrinth, according to Colonel Emanuel Wald's report to Israeli Chief of Staff Moshe Levi. Not surprisingly, Wald's conclusions greatly embarrassed Israeli political and military leaders as news of the report circulated t
War In The Gulf: Implications For Israel
by Joseph AlpherA study by a team of researchers at the Jaffee Centre for Strategic Studies at Tel Aviv University. It assesses the strategic ramifications for Israel of military, political, economic and social aspects of the Gulf War, and concludes with a set of policy recommendations for Israel.
War In The Gulf: Implications For Israel
by Joseph AlpherA study by a team of researchers at the Jaffee Centre for Strategic Studies at Tel Aviv University. It assesses the strategic ramifications for Israel of military, political, economic and social aspects of the Gulf War, and concludes with a set of policy recommendations for Israel.
Wars, Revolutions and Dictatorships: Studies of Historical and Contemporary Problems from a Comparative Viewpoint
by Stanislav AndreskiFirst Published in 1992. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. We can define war as organised fighting between groups of individuals belonging to the same species but occupying distinct territories, thus distinguishing war from fights between isolated individuals as well as from struggles between groups living intermingled within the same territory, which can be classified as rebellions, revolutions, riots and so on.The articles included in this volume were written in the 1970s and 1980s and published in very diverse journals and proceedings of conferences, in one case only in German.
Wars, Revolutions and Dictatorships: Studies of Historical and Contemporary Problems from a Comparative Viewpoint
by Stanislav AndreskiFirst Published in 1992. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. We can define war as organised fighting between groups of individuals belonging to the same species but occupying distinct territories, thus distinguishing war from fights between isolated individuals as well as from struggles between groups living intermingled within the same territory, which can be classified as rebellions, revolutions, riots and so on.The articles included in this volume were written in the 1970s and 1980s and published in very diverse journals and proceedings of conferences, in one case only in German.
Watergate and Afterward: The Legacy of Richard M. Nixon (Contributions in Political Science)
by Leon Friedman William F. LevantrosserThis volume brings together a distinguished group of scholars, journalists, and former Nixon Administration officials to examine the Watergate controversy and its legacy. Particular attention is paid to Nixon's misuse of government power for political ends, his administration's obsession with secrecy and the control of information, and the impeachment proceedings in Congress. This is the second in a trilogy of titles based on the Hofstra Presidential Conference on Richard M. Nixon (the first, Richard M. Nixon: Politician, President, Administrator [Greenwood, 1991], was also edited by Friedman and Levantrosser). Watergate and Afterward includes a final assessment of the Nixon Presidency by a group of biographers who have written extensively about the man and his politics, as well as appraisals of Nixon's accomplishments and failures by both administration figures and outside historians. Special effort was made throughout to incorporate opposing points of view on the various issues under discussion, making this one of the most comprehensive and balanced assessments of the Watergate scandal and its aftermath available in print.The book begins with essays that describe the political reactions to Watergate and Nixon's attempt to remove the first special prosecutor on the case. In the discussion section that follows, new insight into what the break-in was supposed to accomplish is provided by Reverend Jeb Stuart Magruder, speaking for the first time in a public forum. Subsequent papers discuss the different efforts by the Nixon Administration to uncover information about political opponents, the politicization of the Justice Department, the constitutional confrontation in the Supreme Court over the Nixon tapes, and the Pentagon Papers case. Discussants include Charles Colson, who was in the White House at the time, Tom Brokaw of NBC, and Ron Ziegler and Gerald Warren of the White House press office. Finally, the impeachment proceedings are reexamined in chapters that explore the specific charges against the president and the political coalitions that formed in Congress around them. Ideal as supplemental reading for courses on the presidency and modern American politics, Watergate and Afterward is an important contribution to our understanding of this critical period in postwar history.
Weapons Of Influence: The Legislative Veto, American Foreign Policy, And The Irony Of Reform
by Martha Liebler GibsonWhen the justices of the Supreme Court ruled the legislative veto unconstitutional in the 1983 case of "Immigration and Naturalization Service versus Chadha", they removed a device that had allowed Congress to delegate policymaking authority to the executive while retaining oversight over the ultimate use of that authority. In this book, the autho
Weapons Of Influence: The Legislative Veto, American Foreign Policy, And The Irony Of Reform
by Martha Liebler GibsonWhen the justices of the Supreme Court ruled the legislative veto unconstitutional in the 1983 case of "Immigration and Naturalization Service versus Chadha", they removed a device that had allowed Congress to delegate policymaking authority to the executive while retaining oversight over the ultimate use of that authority. In this book, the autho
Welfare Economics and Externalities In An Open Ended Universe: A Modern Austrian Perspective
by R. CordatoAlong with the renewed interest in the Austrian school of economics over the last two decades, important advances have been made in applying its princples to concrete issues that typically face market economics. However, very little has been done in the area of externalities and the concept of social efficiency. The overarching purpose of this book is to establish a sound theoretical basis for further empirical and public policy analysis in the area of externalities. In order to do this, a general theory of welfare economics is required. The author offers an alternative to the conventional neoclassical welfare paradigm -- his construct does not include perfect competition or general equilibrium. After the author develops his theory of welfare economics, he interprets externalities in light of the theory and discusses policy remedies and directions for further research.
Western Doctrines on East-West Trade: Theory, History and Policy
by Peter Van HamEast-West trade and technology transfer have always been linked to the issue of "national security". The author identifies many different Western doctrines on East-West trade, demonstrating that two basic belief systems underly these doctrines.
What If the American Political System Were Different?
by Herbert M. LevineFirst Published in 2015. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
What If the American Political System Were Different?
by Herbert M. LevineFirst Published in 2015. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Wirtschaftspolitik und Regierungssystem der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Eine Einführung
by Hermann AdamWirtschaft und Politik sind für viele ein Buch mit sieben Siegeln. Kompli ziert und undurchschaubar erscheinen Ihnen die Vorgänge "da oben", die das Leben von uns allen positiv wie negativ beeinflussen. Dabei möchte ei gentlich jeder gerne verstehen, wie es zu Wirtschaftskrisen kommt, warum so viele Menschen arbeitslos sind, weshalb die Preise jedes Jahr steigen, kurz: wie das alles miteinander zusammenhängt. Die auf dem Markt befindlichen Einführungen in die Volkswirtschafts lehre füllen mittlerweile ganze Bibliotheksregale. Wer jedoch nicht Wirt schaftswissenschaften studiert und Wirtschaft zu seinem Beruf machen will, kann mit diesen meist sehr theoretisch gehaltenen Werken wenig an fangen. Er braucht knappe und einfache Erklärungen, wie die Wirtschaft funktioniert und wie die wirtschaftspolitischen Positionen von Regierung und Opposition, von Parteien und Verbänden einzuordnen und zu beurtei len sind. Diesem Anspruch einer praxisnahen und allgemeinverständlichen Ein führung in die grundlegenden Zusammenhänge von Politik und Wirtschaft in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland will dieses Buch gerecht werden. Es wendet sich an alle, die wirtschaftspolitische Nachrichten in den Massen medien besser verstehen und bei einschlägigen Diskussionen sachkundig mitreden wollen.