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A Course on Borel Sets (Graduate Texts in Mathematics #180)
by S.M. SrivastavaThe roots of Borel sets go back to the work of Baire [8]. He was trying to come to grips with the abstract notion of a function introduced by Dirich let and Riemann. According to them, a function was to be an arbitrary correspondence between objects without giving any method or procedure by which the correspondence could be established. Since all the specific functions that one studied were determined by simple analytic expressions, Baire delineated those functions that can be constructed starting from con tinuous functions and iterating the operation 0/ pointwise limit on a se quence 0/ functions. These functions are now known as Baire functions. Lebesgue [65] and Borel [19] continued this work. In [19], Borel sets were defined for the first time. In his paper, Lebesgue made a systematic study of Baire functions and introduced many tools and techniques that are used even today. Among other results, he showed that Borel functions coincide with Baire functions. The study of Borel sets got an impetus from an error in Lebesgue's paper, which was spotted by Souslin. Lebesgue was trying to prove the following: Suppose / : )R2 -- R is a Baire function such that for every x, the equation /(x,y) = 0 has a. unique solution. Then y as a function 0/ x defined by the above equation is Baire.
The Craft of Religious Studies
by Jon R. StoneA collection of essays by distinguished scholars in the academic study of religion, The Craft of Religious Studies represents the variety of research and analytical methods that researchers employ when examining religious phenomena, whether personally or socially expressed. Autobiographical in cast, this collection points to diversity of approaches in the academic study of religion and highlights the interdisciplinary nature of the field. While the ways scholars approach the study of religion in human culture vary, the common ground among them - as seen in these fourteen contributions - remains their quest for understanding more so than the paths toward understanding they have chosen.
Creative Virtualities in Human Self-Interpretation-in-Culture: Phenomenology of Life and the Human Creative Condition (Book IV) (Analecta Husserliana #55)
by Anna-Teresa TymienieckaIt would seem that modern humanity has unthroned the human spirit, undercutting the very foundation of the validity of truth, moral values and principles. There appears to be no attempt to discern what is beautiful and true: it is functional and pragmatic usefulness that seem to dominate human evaluations and transactions with other humans and, indeed, animals. Humanity is becoming detached from the `higher' aesthetic, moral and intellectual works of the human spirit and thus the life of the spirit is often situated on the other side of a gulf, opposed to science with its rationality. Culture is in danger of becoming reduced to science. In other words, the great metaphysical questions - those of telos, of sense - often are answered in terms of scientific conceptions. But these are at least incomplete, if not fragmentary, and in principle hypothetical, which still leaves the questions unanswered. But it is culture that is the manifestation of the human spirit, being the historical process of human self-interpretation-in-existence. All manifestations of the creative forge of the human being find a role in the fabric of culture, which involves progressively widening circles of the human community, demanding an integration and attunement with others in their changing conditions of life. This consideration of culture involves all areas of philosophical reflection: moral, aesthetic, metaphysical, epistemological, semiological, cognitive, and more.
The Crescent and the Cross: Muslim and Christian Approaches to War and Peace
by Oliver Ramsbotham Saba Risaluddin Brian Wicker Abdel Haleem HarifyahThis book is the product of dialogue between a group of leading British Muslim and Christian scholars concerned about the alleged danger to the 'West' of Islamic 'fundamentalism'. It analyses the ethical and legal principles, rooted in both traditions, underlying any use of armed force in the modern world. After chapters on the history, theology and laws of war as seen from both sides, the book applies its conclusions to (a) the 1990-91 Gulf War and (b) the Bosnian Conflict. It concludes that Huntington's 'Clash of Civilisations' thesis is a dangerous myth.
Critical Approaches to Science and Philosophy
by Mario BungeThis collection of essays, written on four continents by scientists, philosophers and humanists, was initially presented to Karl R. Popper on his sixtieth birthday as a token of critical admiration and in recognition of his work. But the volume also stands on its own as a remarkable series of statements utilizing Popper's critical vision in the study of philosophy proper, logic, mathematics, science as method and theory, and finally to the study of society and history. What is remarkable is that Popper worked in all of these areas, not in a cursory or discursive way, but with the utmost clarity and rigor.. The core position of this volume and its contributors is that the progress of knowledge is not a linear accumulation of definitive acquisitions but a zigzagging process in which counterexamples and unfavorable evidence ruin generalizations and prompt the invention of more comprehensive and sometimes deeper generalizations, to be criticized in their turn. A critical approach to problems, procedures, and results in every field of inquiry is therefore a necessary condition for the continuance of progress.The title of this volume then is, in a sense, an homage to Popper's critical rationalism and critical empiricism. The essays are a tribute to his unceasing and uncompromising quest, not for final certainty, but for closer truth and increased clarity. Among the contributors are outstanding figures in philosophy and the exact sciences in their own right, including Herbert Feigl, R. M. Hare, J.O. Wisdom, Nicholas Rescher, David Bohm, Paul K. Feyerabend, F. A. Hayek, and Adolf Grunbaum. Social science contributions include Hans Albert on social science and moral philosophy, W. B. Gallie, on the critical philosophy of history, Pieter Geyl on The Open Society and its Enemies, and George H. Nadel on the philosophy of History.
Critical Approaches to Science and Philosophy
by Mario BungeThis collection of essays, written on four continents by scientists, philosophers and humanists, was initially presented to Karl R. Popper on his sixtieth birthday as a token of critical admiration and in recognition of his work. But the volume also stands on its own as a remarkable series of statements utilizing Popper's critical vision in the study of philosophy proper, logic, mathematics, science as method and theory, and finally to the study of society and history. What is remarkable is that Popper worked in all of these areas, not in a cursory or discursive way, but with the utmost clarity and rigor.. The core position of this volume and its contributors is that the progress of knowledge is not a linear accumulation of definitive acquisitions but a zigzagging process in which counterexamples and unfavorable evidence ruin generalizations and prompt the invention of more comprehensive and sometimes deeper generalizations, to be criticized in their turn. A critical approach to problems, procedures, and results in every field of inquiry is therefore a necessary condition for the continuance of progress.The title of this volume then is, in a sense, an homage to Popper's critical rationalism and critical empiricism. The essays are a tribute to his unceasing and uncompromising quest, not for final certainty, but for closer truth and increased clarity. Among the contributors are outstanding figures in philosophy and the exact sciences in their own right, including Herbert Feigl, R. M. Hare, J.O. Wisdom, Nicholas Rescher, David Bohm, Paul K. Feyerabend, F. A. Hayek, and Adolf Grunbaum. Social science contributions include Hans Albert on social science and moral philosophy, W. B. Gallie, on the critical philosophy of history, Pieter Geyl on The Open Society and its Enemies, and George H. Nadel on the philosophy of History.
Critical Pedagogy for Healing: Paths Beyond "Wellness," Toward a Soul Revival of Teaching and Learning
by Tricia M. Kress Christopher Emdin And Robert LakeThis is the first book to explicitly link healing and wellness practices with critical pedagogy. Bringing together scholars from Brazil, Canada, Malta and the USA, the chapters combine critical pedagogy and social justice education to reorient the conversation around wellness in teaching and learning. Working against white Eurocentric narratives of wellness in schools which focus on the symptoms, not the causes, of society's sickness, the authors argues for a "soul revival" of education which tackles, head on, the causes of dis-ease in society, from institutional racism, colonialism, xenophobia and patriarchy. The contributors provide fresh perspectives that address short-term goals of wellness alongside long-term goals of healing in schools and society by attending to underlying causes of social sickness. The chapters bridge theory and practice, bringing diverse historical and contemporary philosophical discussions around wellness into contact with concrete examples of the interconnections between wellness, education, and social justice. Examples of topics covered include: Buddhist practices for healing, Black liberation theology, hip hop pedagogy, anxiety and vulnerability, art therapy and story-telling.
Critical Realism: Essential Readings
by Roy Bhaskar Margaret Archer Andrew Collier Tony Lawson Alan NorrieCritical realism is a movement in philosophy and the human sciences most closely associated with the work of Roy Bhaskar. Since the publication of Bhaskars A Realist Theory of Science, critical realism has had a profound influence on a wide range of subjects. This reader makes accessible, in one volume, key readings to stimulate debate about and within critical realism. It explores the following themes: * transcendental realist * the theory of explanatory critique * dialectics * Bhaskar's critical naturalist philosophy of science
Critical Realism: Essential Readings
by Roy Bhaskar Margaret Archer Andrew Collier Tony Lawson Alan NorrieCritical realism is a movement in philosophy and the human sciences most closely associated with the work of Roy Bhaskar. Since the publication of Bhaskars A Realist Theory of Science, critical realism has had a profound influence on a wide range of subjects. This reader makes accessible, in one volume, key readings to stimulate debate about and within critical realism. It explores the following themes: * transcendental realist * the theory of explanatory critique * dialectics * Bhaskar's critical naturalist philosophy of science.
Crossing Boundaries: Selected Writings
by Albert O. HirschmanDuring the last half century, Albert O. Hirschman has redefined the scope and limits of political economy. His contributions, as both a scholar and an economic advisor, have definitively shaped an innovative program for social change and economic development.Crossing Boundaries, a collection of Hirschman’s most recent writings, forges new and unforeseen connections between the past and the present, between intellectual life and lived experience. With astonishing frankness and humor, Hirschman recounts some of the most compelling and formative moments of his life that have influenced his thinking about economic and social development, democracy and capitalism. He also reconsiders the key terms of his scholarship — concepts he is constantly rethinking, subverting, and reinventing.
Crossing Boundaries: Selected Writings
by Albert O. HirschmanDuring the last half century, Albert O. Hirschman has redefined the scope and limits of political economy. His contributions, as both a scholar and an economic advisor, have definitively shaped an innovative program for social change and economic development.Crossing Boundaries, a collection of Hirschman’s most recent writings, forges new and unforeseen connections between the past and the present, between intellectual life and lived experience. With astonishing frankness and humor, Hirschman recounts some of the most compelling and formative moments of his life that have influenced his thinking about economic and social development, democracy and capitalism. He also reconsiders the key terms of his scholarship — concepts he is constantly rethinking, subverting, and reinventing.
Cultural Boundaries of Science: Credibility on the Line
by Thomas F. GierynWhy is science so credible? Usual answers center on scientists' objective methods or their powerful instruments. In his new book, Thomas Gieryn argues that a better explanation for the cultural authority of science lies downstream, when scientific claims leave laboratories and enter courtrooms, boardrooms, and living rooms. On such occasions, we use "maps" to decide who to believe—cultural maps demarcating "science" from pseudoscience, ideology, faith, or nonsense. Gieryn looks at episodes of boundary-work: Was phrenology good science? How about cold fusion? Is social science really scientific? Is organic farming? After centuries of disputes like these, Gieryn finds no stable criteria that absolutely distinguish science from non-science. Science remains a pliable cultural space, flexibly reshaped to claim credibility for some beliefs while denying it to others. In a timely epilogue, Gieryn finds this same controversy at the heart of the raging "science wars."
Cultural Boundaries of Science: Credibility on the Line
by Thomas F. GierynWhy is science so credible? Usual answers center on scientists' objective methods or their powerful instruments. In his new book, Thomas Gieryn argues that a better explanation for the cultural authority of science lies downstream, when scientific claims leave laboratories and enter courtrooms, boardrooms, and living rooms. On such occasions, we use "maps" to decide who to believe—cultural maps demarcating "science" from pseudoscience, ideology, faith, or nonsense. Gieryn looks at episodes of boundary-work: Was phrenology good science? How about cold fusion? Is social science really scientific? Is organic farming? After centuries of disputes like these, Gieryn finds no stable criteria that absolutely distinguish science from non-science. Science remains a pliable cultural space, flexibly reshaped to claim credibility for some beliefs while denying it to others. In a timely epilogue, Gieryn finds this same controversy at the heart of the raging "science wars."
Cultural Semiosis: Tracing the Signifier (Continental Philosophy)
by Hugh J. SilvermanFirst published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Cultural Semiosis: Tracing the Signifier (Continental Philosophy #Vol. 6)
by Hugh J. SilvermanFirst published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Culture and Educational Policy in Hawai'i: The Silencing of Native Voices (Sociocultural, Political, and Historical Studies in Education)
by Maenette K.P. Benham Ronald H. HeckThis comprehensive educational history of public schools in Hawai'i shows and analyzes how dominant cultural and educational policy have affected the education experiences of Native Hawaiians. Drawing on institutional theory as a scholarly lens, the authors focus on four historical cases representing over 150 years of contact with the West. They carefully link historical events, significant people, educational policy, and law to cultural and social consequences for Native Hawaiian children and youth. The authors argue that since the early 1800s, educational policy in Hawai'i emphasizing efficiency has resulted in institutional structures that have degenerated Hawaiian culture, self-image, and sovereignty. Native Hawaiians have often been denied equal access to quality schools and resulting increased economic and social status. These policies were often overtly, or covertly, racist and reflected wider cultural views prevalent across the United States regarding the assimilation of groups into the American mainstream culture. The case of education in Hawai'i is used to initiate a broader discussion of similar historical trends in assimilating children of different backgrounds into the American system of education. The scholarly analysis presented in this book draws out historical, political, cultural, and organizational implications that can be employed to understand other Native and non-Native contexts. Given the increasing cultural diversity of the United States and the perceived failure of the American educational system in light of these changes, this book provides an exceptionally appropriate starting point to begin a discussion about past, present, and future schooling for our nation's children. Because it is written and comes from a Native perspective, the value of the "insider" view is illuminated. This underlying reminder of the Native eye is woven throughout the book in Ha'awina No'ono'o--the sharing of thoughts from the Native Hawaiian author. With its primary focus on the education of native groups, this book is an extraordinary and useful work for scholars, thoughtful practitioners, policymakers, and those interested in Hawai'i, Hawaiian education, and educational policy and theory.
Culture and Educational Policy in Hawai'i: The Silencing of Native Voices (Sociocultural, Political, and Historical Studies in Education)
by Maenette K.P. Benham Ronald H. HeckThis comprehensive educational history of public schools in Hawai'i shows and analyzes how dominant cultural and educational policy have affected the education experiences of Native Hawaiians. Drawing on institutional theory as a scholarly lens, the authors focus on four historical cases representing over 150 years of contact with the West. They carefully link historical events, significant people, educational policy, and law to cultural and social consequences for Native Hawaiian children and youth. The authors argue that since the early 1800s, educational policy in Hawai'i emphasizing efficiency has resulted in institutional structures that have degenerated Hawaiian culture, self-image, and sovereignty. Native Hawaiians have often been denied equal access to quality schools and resulting increased economic and social status. These policies were often overtly, or covertly, racist and reflected wider cultural views prevalent across the United States regarding the assimilation of groups into the American mainstream culture. The case of education in Hawai'i is used to initiate a broader discussion of similar historical trends in assimilating children of different backgrounds into the American system of education. The scholarly analysis presented in this book draws out historical, political, cultural, and organizational implications that can be employed to understand other Native and non-Native contexts. Given the increasing cultural diversity of the United States and the perceived failure of the American educational system in light of these changes, this book provides an exceptionally appropriate starting point to begin a discussion about past, present, and future schooling for our nation's children. Because it is written and comes from a Native perspective, the value of the "insider" view is illuminated. This underlying reminder of the Native eye is woven throughout the book in Ha'awina No'ono'o--the sharing of thoughts from the Native Hawaiian author. With its primary focus on the education of native groups, this book is an extraordinary and useful work for scholars, thoughtful practitioners, policymakers, and those interested in Hawai'i, Hawaiian education, and educational policy and theory.
Daring to Be Good: Essays in Feminist Ethico-Politics
This collection challenges the traditional divide between the investigation of ethics is a private concern and politics as a public, group concern.
Daring to Be Good: Essays in Feminist Ethico-Politics
by Bat-Ami Bar On Ann FergusonThis collection challenges the traditional divide between the investigation of ethics is a private concern and politics as a public, group concern.
Das intelligente Genom: Über die Entstehung des menschlichen Geistes durch Mutation und Selektion
by Adolf HeschlWird unser Verhalten von den Genen bestimmt? Haben Erziehung und Umwelt überhaupt einen Einfluß? Kommt dem Menschen innerhalb der Evolution eine Sonderstellung zu? Zur Klärung dieser Fragen nimmt der Autor den Leser mit auf eine anspruchsvolle, nie langweilige Reise durch eine Reihe naturwissenschaftlicher Disziplinen.
Das Revloutionsjahr 1848 im ehemaligen preußischen Regierungsbezirk Frankfurt an der Oder.: Veröffentlichungen des Brandenburgischen Landehauptarchivs, Band 35
by Volker KlemmGegenstand dieser Studie sind die Ereignisse des Revolutionsjahrs 1848 im Regierungsbezirk Frankfurt/Oder.
Death of Life: The Legacy of Molecular Biology (Language, Discourse, Society)
by Stanley ShostakThe Death of Life dissects biology's claim to be the Cinderella science that rose above its station. Early attempts to study life through observation, experiment and theory are exposed as the skeleton of ideas for controlling life, ideas which were only fleshed out by the biotech and genomic industries. Physicists- and chemists-turned biologists in alliance with biology's own eugenicists are shown to have abandoned the study of life and suppressed poststructuralist approaches ranging from neoLamarckism to biogeological/Gaia theory.
Decision Theory and Decision Behaviour
by A. RapoportThe book treats two approaches to decision theory: (1) the normative, purporting to determine how a 'perfectly rational' actor ought to choose among available alternatives; (2) the descriptive, based on observations of how people actually choose in real life and in laboratory experiments. The mathematical tools used in the normative approach range from elementary algebra to matrix and differential equations. Sections on different levels can be studied independently. Special emphasis is made on 'offshoots' of both theories to cognitive psychology, theoretical biology, and philosophy.
Democracy and Apartheid: Political Theory, Comparative Politics and the Modern South African State
by A. ButlerSouth Africa's 1994 election was widely hailed around the world as miraculous. In this book, Anthony Butler examines South African experiences to cast doubt on this celebratory attitude to democracy. Contemporary political analysis highlights the benefits that democracy can sometimes bring. Butler, by contrast, argues that democracy can be malign. He attacks the myth that democracy ended apartheid, and shows that democratic practices themselves contributed to its evils. The author also explores weaknesses in political science as a discipline. This book will be essential reading for specialists in South Africa, and will appeal to political theorists, students of comparative politics, and historians.
