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A Prophet in Two Countries: The Life of F. E. Simon
by Nancy ArmsA Prophet in Two Countries: The Life of F.E. Simon is a narration of the true story of F.E. Simon whose work involved developing nuclear energy for the British during the Second World War. Franz Simon is a Jew born in Berlin and earns his doctorate degree from the University of Berlin. He works at the Physikalisch Chemisches Institut, and then as a professor at the Technische Hochschule in Breslau. When Germany starts its systematic repression of Jews, Simon, now married and with two children, leaves Germany in 1939, along with Thomas Frank and a Jewish secretary. The Simon family settles in Oxford, and he works at the Clarendon. In 1936, he gets an appointment as University Reader in Thermodynamics at Birmingham University. Professor of Mathematics Rudolf Peierls introduces Simon to work related to the war. Simon is then put in charge of all work on isotope separation at the Clarendon. The system Simon develops for gaseous diffusion turns out to be the most practicable among the many other methods, and this becomes adopted in many factories. After the war, he is awarded the C.B.E. and he publishes many papers before his death on October 31, 1956. Researchers, students, and academicians involved in British history and readers with general historical and biographical interest will find this book a pleasant reading.
A Syntax-Oriented Translator
by Peter Zilahy IngermanA Syntax-Oriented Translator focuses on the field of programming and the characteristics and functions of compilers and translators.The book first offers information on the metasyntactic language and the details of a parsing processor. Discussions focus on processing, recovery, and output sections, detailed flow-chart of the parsing processor, parsing form of a grammar, canonical ordering, and the metasyntactic language in general. The text then elaborates on some extensions to the metasyntactic language and metasemantic and metapragmatic language, including punctuation marks and format control, metasemantic and metapragmatic functions, basic form of the construct, and substitution MSF. The publication examines the details of an unparsing processor, as well as lists used in unparsing, subroutines, and the unparsing processor itself. The book is a dependable source of information for home compiler-writers who are interested in the use of a syntax-oriented translator.
The German Verse Epic in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
by Heinz Juergen SchuelerThe almost complete disregard of the verse epic as a genre still worthy of meaningful discussion and earnest investigation is all too apparent in German literary criticism. The only attempt to view the genre in its evolution through the centuries is Heinrich Maiworm's valuable but necessarily somewhat perfunctory historical survey of the German epic which appeared in the second volume of Deutsche Philologie im Auf,iss. There is as yet, however, no literary study of the German verse epic in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, a period which is of particular interest to such a study and indeed crucial to the genre itself, since it was during this period that the novel claimed its final and apparently irrevocable victory over its predecessor, a form which had once been hallowed but was now declared a dead genre. It is not the lack of sufficient material that could explain this neglect, for in terms of sheer quantity and, we believe, not quantity alone, there is enough material for more than one study. The prime purpose of this work, then, is to attempt, if not to fill this conspicuous gap, at least to begin narrowing it somewhat, and in so doing to determine in how far the continuing existence of this vacuum in German literary appreciation is in fact justified.
Russian-English Translators Dictionary: A Guide to Scientific and Technical Usage
by Mikhail G. Zimmerman
Russian Science Grammar: The Commonwealth and International Library: Pergamon Oxford Russian Series
by A. G. WaringRussian Science Grammar presents the fundamental differences between the parts of speech in Russian and English. This book discusses the function of words in Russian, which is shown by changes in the endings of the words themselves.Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the distinct features of the Russian sound system. This text then explains that stress varies not only from word to word, but often between various forms of the same word where it changes in declension or conjugation. Other chapters consider the grammatical division of clauses into noun, adverbial, and adjectival. This book discusses as well classification of clauses designed to facilitate recognition and translation. The final chapter deals with understanding complex sentences, particularly in scientific Russian where they are often very involved.This book is a valuable resource for students who are interested in understanding the Russian alphabet and science grammar.
Temporal Modalities in Arabic Logic (Foundations of Language Supplementary Series #2)
by N. RescherThe aim of this monograph is to expound the conceptions of temporalized modality at issue in various Arabic logical texts. I claim to have been able to make good logical sense of doctrines of which even the later Arab logicians themselves came to despair. In the process, a substantially new area of the history of logic has come into a clear view. I am indebted to Anne Cross (Mrs. Michael) Pelon and especially Mr. Bas van Fraassen for assistance in the research. Miss Dorothy Henle merits my thanks for preparing the difficult typescript for the printer and helping to see the book through the press. Also, I am grateful to the Editors of Foun dations of Language for inviting inclusion of the monograph in the Supple mentary Series of the journal. The present work is part of a series of studies of Arabic contributions to logic supported by research grants from the National Science Foundation. It affords me much pleasure to record my sincere thanks for this assistance.
Ten Years of Translation: Proceedings of the Fourth Congress of the International Federation of Translators (FIT), Dubrovnik, 1963, Held in Celebration of the Tenth Anniversary of the Federation
by I. J. CitroenTen Years of Translation documents the proceedings of the Fourth Congress of the International Federation of Translators (Fédération Internationale des Traducteurs—FIT) held in Dubrovnik in 1963. This compilation discusses the diversification and development of the translating profession that focuses on the types of translation practiced, great variety of circumstances under which the translation is carried out, and vast number of auxiliary services and aids closely related to the translation proper. This book includes the descriptions of literary, technical, and scientific translations; linguistic aspects of translation; FIT committee reports; progress reports by FIT member societies; and charter of the translator. This publication is beneficial to professional translators, as well as students and researchers conducting work on linguistics.
Herodotean Inquiries
by S. BenardeteHerodotus has so often been called, since ancient times, the father of history that this title has blinded us to the question: Was the father of history an historian? Everyone knows that the Greek word from which 'history' is derived always means inquiry in Herodotus. His so-called Histories are in quiries, and by that name I have preferred to call them. His inquiries partly result in the presentation of events that are now called 'historical'; but other parts of his inquiry would now belong to the province of the anthro pologist or geographer. Herodotus does not recognize these fields as distinct; they all belong equally to the subject of his inquiry, but it is not self-evident what he understands to be his subject: the notorious difficulties in the proemium are enough to indicate this. If his work presents us with so strange a mixture of different fields, we are entitled to ask: Did Herodotus under stand even its historical element as we understand it? Without any proof everyone, as far as I am aware, who has studied him has assumed this to be so.
Penguin Readers Level 7: The Godfather (ELT Graded Reader)
by Mario PuzoPenguin Readers is an ELT graded reader series. Please note that the eBook edition does NOT include access to the audio edition and digital book. Written for learners of English as a foreign language, each title includes carefully adapted text, new illustrations and language learning exercises.Titles include popular classics, exciting contemporary fiction, and thought-provoking non-fiction, introducing language learners to bestselling authors and compelling content.The eight levels of Penguin Readers follow the Common European Framework of Reference for language learning (CEFR). Exercises at the back of each Reader help language learners to practise grammar, vocabulary, and key exam skills. Before, during and after-reading questions test readers' story comprehension and develop vocabulary.The Godfather, a Level 7 Reader, is B2 in the CEFR framework. The longer text is made up of sentences with up to four clauses, introducing future perfect simple, mixed conditionals, past perfect continuous, mixed conditionals, more complex passive forms and modals for deduction in the past.Michael Corleone is determined not to join his family's criminal businesses. He wants to live a normal life and marry his American girlfriend, Kay. But when members of his family are attacked, Michael realises that he has to take revenge.
A Subgrouping of Nine Philippine Languages
by NA LlamzonBY J. C. ANCEAUX Since the appearance of Brugmann's famous article on the relation ships of the Indo-European languages in 1884, the subject of sub grouping of languages as a methodological problem has been raised only occasionally. To this apparent lack of interest in a major point in comparative linguistics several causes can be assigned. One of them is that a consensus has been reached about the main outlines of the family-tree for the language-family which has received more attention than any other: the Indo-European. Another explanation is that for most of the branches of this family historical materials are available which have proved very valuable for the reconstruction of the inter mediate stages between the proto-Ianguage ande the modem languages. For a few branches only has the problem of subgrouping been a matter for discussion (e.g. Germanic). Special attention, however, could be expected from those who started to apply the comparative methods to other language-families. This attention did come forward, though not immediately, because linguists first had to deal with the problems of proving the existence of the family in question and deciding which languages belonged to it. For the Austronesian languages serious attemps to arrive at a lin guistic classification started relatively late. Certain cases of closer relationships were obvious enough to be recognized very early ( e.g.
أول الخلفاء الراشدين أبو بكر الصديق
by محمد رضاقد كنت شديد الرغبة في تأليف سيرة رسول اللّه صلى اللّه عليه وسلم لنشرها على العالم الإسلامي فقضيت الأيام والليالي الطوال في الإطلاع والبحث في كتب السير فجمعت شتاتها وشرحت الغامض منها وحققت الروايات وأثبت تواريخ الوقائع ورددت على الاعتراضات والترهات ردوداً مدعَّمة بالبراهين الساطعة والحجج القاطعة، فجاء الكتاب وافياً بغرضي من حيث إيصال المعلومات الصحيحة إلى العالم الإسلامي. ولما فرغ طبعه، تلقاه الناس بالقبول والاستسحان وأقبلوا على مطالعته بشوق وشغف، ونال بحمد اللّه وفضله رضا العامة والخاصة وتواردت عليّ رسائل التفريط والتشجيع من الكبراء والعلماء والأدباء حتى عجزت عن شكرهم على ثقتهم بشخصي العاجز الضعيف، وشعرت بقوة تدفعني إلى مواصلة البحث والتأليف بالرغم من كثرة المشاغل الدنيوية. وقد سألني كثير من الأصدقاء الأعزاء أن أتبع سيرة رسول اللّه بسير الخلفاء بنفس الطريقة التي انتهجتها فسرتني فكرتهم ولم يسعني إلا إجابة طلبهم واستخرت اللّه تعالى أن أكتب سيرة أبي بكر الصديق رضي اللّه عنه فإنه أول الخلفاء الذين أمرنا رسول اللّه بالاقتداء بهم والاهتداء بهديهم. لما توفي النبي صلى اللّه عليه وسلم ارتجت العرب واختلف المسلمون ولا سيما الأنصار والمهاجرون في الخلافة فتدارك الأمر أبو بكر بحكمته وسرعة بديهته وتمت له البيعة بالإجماع. وقد برهن رضي اللّه عنه أنه أكفأ رجل وأنه رجل الساعة وقتئذ لأن العرب عندما سمعوا بوفاة رسول اللّه ارتد كثير منهم واستفحل أمر المرتدين في جزيرة العرب، وظهر المتنبئون وجمعوا جيوشهم وثاروا على المسلمين.
Adieu
by Honoré De Balzac"Adieu" by Balzac is a captivating addition to French Literature. It is a long tale encompassing insanity and the supernatural. This thrilling fantasy enraptures the readers and flares the imagnation. This simple plot evolves from characters and weaves a web of suspense. Interesting!
The Ancient Sea: The Utopian and Catastrophic in Classical Narratives and their Reception
In the ancient Mediterranean world, the sea was an essential domain for trade, cultural exchange, communication, exploration, and colonisation. In tandem with the lived reality of this maritime space, a parallel experience of the sea emerged in narrative representations from ancient Greece and Rome, of the sea as a cultural imaginary. This imaginary seems often to oscillate between two extremes: the utopian and the catastrophic; such representations can be found in narratives from ancient history, philosophy, society, and literature, as well as in their post-classical receptions. Utopia can be found in some imaginary island paradise far away and across the distant sea; the sea can hold an unknown, mysterious, divine wealth below its surface; and the sea itself as a powerful watery body can hold a liberating potential. The utopian quality of the sea and seafaring can become a powerful metaphor for articulating political notions of the ideal state or for expressing an individual’s sense of hope and subjectivity. Yet the catastrophic sea balances any perfective imaginings: the sea threatens coastal inhabitants with floods, tsunamis, and earthquakes and sailors with storms and the accompanying monsters. From symbolic perspectives, the catastrophic sea represents violence, instability, the savage, and even cosmological chaos. The twelve papers in this volume explore the themes of utopia and catastrophe in the liminal environment of the sea, through the lens of history, philosophy, literature and classical reception.Contributors: Manuel Álvarez-Martí-Aguilar, Vilius Bartninkas, Aaron L. Beek, Ross Clare, Gabriele Cornelli, Isaia Crosson, Ryan Denson, Rhiannon Easterbrook, Emilia Mataix Ferrándiz, Georgia L. Irby, Simona Martorana, Guy Middleton, Hamish Williams.
An Anthology of Neo-Latin Poetry by Classical Scholars (Bloomsbury Neo-Latin Series: Early Modern Texts and Anthologies)
Presenting a range of Neo-Latin poems written by distinguished classical scholars across Europe from c. 1490 to c. 1900, this anthology includes a selection of celebrated names in the history of scholarship. Individual chapters present the Neo-Latin poems alongside new English translations (usually the first) and accompanying introductions and commentaries that annotate these verses for a modern readership, and contextualise them within the careers of their authors and the history of classical scholarship in the Renaissance and early modern period.An appealing feature of Renaissance and early modern Latinity is the composition of fine Neo-Latin poetry by major classical scholars, and the interface between this creative work and their scholarly research. In some cases, the two are actually combined in the same work. In others, the creative composition and scholarship accompany each other along parallel tracks, when scholars are moved to write their own verse in the style of the subjects of their academic endeavours. In still further cases, early modern scholars produced fine Latin verse as a result of the act of translation, as they attempted to render ancient Greek poetry in a fitting poetic form for their contemporary readers of Latin.
Body Technologies in the Greco-Roman World: Technosôma, gender and sex
A collection of papers that introduces the notion of the technosoma (techno body) into discussions on the representations of the body in classical antiquity. By applying the category of the technosoma to the ‘natural’ body, this volume explicitly narrows down the discussion of the technical and the natural to the physiological body. In doing so, the present collection focuses on body technologies in the specific form of beautification and body enhancement techniques, as well as medical and surgical treatments. The volume elucidates two main points. Firstly, ancient techno bodies show that the categories of gender and sexuality are at the core of the intersection of the natural and the technical, and intersect with notions of race, age, speciesism, class and education, and dis/ability. Secondly, the collection argues that new body technologies have in fact a very ancient history that can help to address the challenges of contemporary technological innovation. To this end, the volume showcases the intersection of ‘natural’ bodies with technology, gender, sexuality and reproduction. On the one hand, techno bodies tend to align with normative ideas about gender, and sexuality. On the other hand, body modification and/or enhancement techniques work hand in hand with economic and political power and knowledge, thus they often produce techno bodies that are shaped according to individual needs, i.e. according to a certain lifestyle. Consequently, techno bodies threaten to alter traditional ideas of masculinity, femininity, male and female sexuality and beauty.
Chinese History and Literature: Collection of Studies
by J. PrusekThe studies contained in this volume arose over the last thirty years. Originally the range of the materials I intended to include in my selection was very much wider. Publishing difficulties, however, have obliged me to curtail them to something less than half the planned content. At first I intended to include all the studies I supposed might be of interest to readers and represent contributi ons still of some significance for research in this domain of Oriental scholarship. When the necessity arose to limit the contents I gave preference to the standpoint of thematic completeness rather than to what would be of interest to the general reader. Thus in this volume I have confined myself to two them atic fields only-Old Chinese literature and studies dealing with mediaeval storytellers' productions-hua-pen. I have excluded the whole complex of historical studies and all studies relating to the new literature. I am now preparing, on the principal historical theme on which I was engaged already in the period of my studies in Prague under Prof. J. Bidlo, and then in 1928 till 1930, with Prof. B. Karlgren in Sweden and Prof. G. Haloun in Halle, in Germany, a more compendious study in which I hope to sum up the results of my research, and I also intend to publish a volume of selected studies dealing with the New Chinese literature at some later date.
Classificatory Particles In Kilivila
by Gunter SenftCommon among the world's languages is the phenomenon of classification, a partly or fully grammatical division of the noun lexicon into distinct classes that ultimately derives from the human need to classify and filter data on various levels while communicating. In this book, Senft describes and develops a grammar of classificatory particles in Kilivila, an Austronesian language of the Trobriand Islanders in Papua New Guinea. Drawing largely on his anthropological and linguistic fieldwork in the islands, and emphasizing the use of classifiers in a social context, Senft provides quantitative data and a statistical profile of the status and use of these particles, and the classifier system that employs them.
De persecutione Anglicana by Robert Persons S.J.: A Critical Edition of the Latin Text with English Translation, Commentary and Introduction (Bloomsbury Neo-Latin Series: Early Modern Texts and Anthologies)
by Victor Houliston Marianne DircksenPresenting the text of a notorious Jesuit attack on Queen Elizabeth I's treatment of her Catholic subjects, this volume highlights the European context of the English Reformation and Robert Persons's role as propagandist. In De persecutione Anglicana, Robert Persons (1546–1610) graphically describes the conditions in prisons, the harassment of Catholics at home and the gruesome manner of execution for treason. The work culminates in the arrest of the famous Jesuit martyr Edmund Campion, with rapidly revised versions bringing the narrative up to date after Campion's execution on 1 December 1581. Written in Latin to appeal to readers throughout Europe, it was translated into French, Italian and German, making it arguably the most important Latin martyrological work by an English Catholic of the Elizabethan period. This critical edition comprises the Latin text, English translation and commentary, and a textual history, appending additional material from the revised versions.Persons was actively involved in the drive to restore Roman Catholicism in England, as missionary strategist, controversialist and founder of English colleges abroad. He worked closely with the superior general of the Society of Jesus, Claudio Acquaviva, negotiating with Philip II of Spain, the Duke of Guise, the Duke of Parma and successive popes. Thanks to the growth of early modern British Catholic studies, his prolific and provocative English writings attract increasing scholarly attention, but his Latin texts have often been glossed over.