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Metaphysical Sociology: On the Work of John Carroll (Morality, Society and Culture)
This volume critically engages with the work of the acclaimed Australian sociologist John Carroll. It makes the argument for a metaphysical sociology, which Carroll has proposed should focus on the questions of fundamental existence that confront all humans: ‘Where do I come from?’, ‘What should I do with my life?’ and ‘What happens to me when I die?’. These questions of meaning, in the secular modern West, have become difficult to answer. As contemporary individuals increasingly draw on their inner resources, or 'ontological qualities', to pursue quests for meaning, the key challenge for a metaphysical sociology concerns the cultural resources available to people and the manner in which they are cultivated. Through wide-ranging discussions which include, film, romantic love, terrorism and video games, Metaphysical Sociology takes up this challenge. The contributors include emerging and established sociologists, a philosopher, a renowned actor and a musician. As such, this collection will appeal to scholars of social theory and sociology, and to the general reader with interests in morality, art, culture and the fundamental questions of human existence.
Migrant Narratives: Storytelling as Agency, Belonging and Community (ISSN)
With a focus on migrant narratives, or the storytelling about migration, this volume considers the ways in which migration is and has been shaped by individual and collective experiences of agency, belonging and community.Driven by an agenda of deep listening, each chapter presents a narrative directly derived from qualitative research, an outline of the methodological framing as well as narrative analysis. Through close attention to the narrative, its performative aspects and its ruptures and silences, authors identify patterns and material in the fabric of such telling and retelling of stories that open up new perspectives on the migrant experience. This book develops a methodology of "dwelling with stories" that allows for sustained and slow interrogation of the migrant experience and the accompanying decisions that shape narratives around mobility across borders. Its structure is innovative by emphasising the migrant voice and reflecting on the scholars’ positionality, while also offering new theoretical contributions that will advance the field of narrative analysis.The book will appeal to academics, students and practitioners in a wide range of subject areas within the humanities and social sciences, including anthropology, sociology, human geography, migration/refugee/diaspora studies and oral history.Chapter 5, 6, 7 and 8 of this book are freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.
Migrant Scholars Researching Migration: Reflexivity, Subjectivity and Biography in Research
How can biography and reflexivity become integral processes of an inquiry? How do we apply these processes to our research and to our accounts of ourselves? Presenting studies by migration scholars who are migrants themselves, Migrant Scholars Researching Migration illustrates the creative and affective function of embedding one's research in subjectivity, reflexivity, and personal biography. The book shows that linking personal experiences and biographies with research practices and agendas can be instrumental to the development of knowledges and new methodologies. The authors demonstrate, for instance, how their migration backgrounds have affected what kind of research they ‘should’ conduct. They also describe how their research findings have changed their understanding of their personal positionings as migrants and scholars. This book debunks the dogma of separating the researcher from their investigation by placing the researchers' experiences and multi-layered reflections at the center of their scholarly work. It sheds light on the importance of reflexivity and subjectivity as processes and assets in research rather than obstacles. Migrant Scholars Researching Migration will appeal to researchers and students interested in methodology, biographical research, theories of knowledge, and scholars of migration and diaspora studies. Chapters: Chapter 14 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.
Migrants and Welfare States: Balancing Dilemmas in Northern Europe
This timely book explores how Northern European countries have sought to balance their welfare states with increased levels of migration from low-income countries outside the EU. Using case studies of the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark and Sweden, leading scholars analyse the varying approaches to this so-called ‘progressive dilemma’. Providing an in-depth analysis of the relationship between public policies and the flow of migrants into these Northern European states, the book considers which destination-country policies most attract asylum seekers and other migrants. Chapters explore how the four states have responded to increased levels of immigration, examining their handling of issues related to integrating admitted applicants into the labour market, educating the children of immigrants, and naturalisation. Concluding with an investigation into contemporary public consensus regarding migrant selection, based on original survey experiments, the book sheds light on an issue that has become both politically and academically salient in Europe since the late 20th century. Interdisciplinary in scope, this expansive book contributes to the emerging field of research in the intersection between European migration studies and welfare studies. Its examination of the states’ varying responses to increased migration will be of significant interest to researchers, policymakers, and public intellectuals in Northern Europe and beyond.
Migration and Families in East and North Europe: Translocal Lifelines (Studies in Migration and Diaspora)
This book explores the phenomenon of familyhood across borders, examining the experience of translocal familyhood and the manner in which lifelines in and between countries are formed when individual family members spend long periods away from home. Drawing on long-term ethnographic research, it considers the emotions, social relations, materialities and discourses that occur within family lives between Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Romania, Russia and Sweden. With attention to the ways in which gender, generation, class and geography create and reinforce inequalities, strengths and vulnerabilities within and between families, it combines ethnographic, descriptive work with shorter photography-based chapters in order to allow textual and visual methods to complement one another. As such, it will appeal to scholars of sociology, geography and anthropology with interests in migration, transnationalism and the sociology of the family.
Migration, Mobilität und soziale Ungleichheit in der Hochschulbildung (Higher Education Research and Science Studies)
Durch Migration und Mobilität werden Studierende an Hochschulen vielfältiger. Beispielsweise lassen sich Studierende mit eigener oder familiärer Migrationserfahrung mit deutschem Pass, Bildungsinländer*innen mit ausländischem Pass, internationale oder geflüchtete Studierende als Gruppen mit unterschiedlichen Bildungschancen identifizieren. Aktuelle empirische Befunde zu den Bildungschancen und Bildungsrenditen dieser sozialen Gruppen belegen migrationsspezifische Muster beim Schulerfolg und Übergang in die Hochschule. Auch im weiteren Studienverlauf zeigen sich soziale Disparitäten bei der Studienintegration und beim Studienerfolg sowie in Bezug auf internationale Mobilität.
Mikrosimulationen: Methodische Grundlagen und ausgewählte Anwendungsfelder
Der Band bietet einen Überblick über die methodischen und methodologischen Grundlagen der Mikrosimulation sowie einen Einblick in deren konkrete Anwendung am Beispiel ausgewählter Forschungsarbeiten. In Mikrosimulationsmodellen können Wechselwirkungen zwischen sozialen Phänomenen modelliert und quantifiziert werden. Mikrosimulationen bieten daher ein großes Potential zur Analyse gesellschaftlicher Wandlungsprozesse und können damit als Ergänzung zu herkömmlichen statistischen Verfahren betrachtet werden. Das Buch richtet sich an Interessierte aus Forschung und Lehre und soll darüber hinaus Anreize für den Einsatz dieses Simulationsansatzes geben.
Military Veteran Employment: A Guide for the Data-Driven Leader
Drawing on the principles and research from industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology and best practices from human resources (HR) management, this book will help civilian employers improve the way that they locate, hire, and retain military veterans and military spouses. Each chapter provides accessible guidance founded in research and data from leaders and experts to help companies maximize the benefits of veteran employees. This book offers a summary of best in class practices that will enable veteran employers and employees to thrive.
Missing Voice?: Worker Voice and Social Dialogue in the Platform Economy (The Future of Work and Employment series)
This timely book addresses the key debates and challenges surrounding the future of work, covering the macro, meso and micro levels of gig work. It provides a consideration of the ways in which technology is shaping the lives of those working in the gig and digital platform economy within the 21st century.Written by leading experts in their respective fields, chapters cover a range of global issues concerning not only technology but the social relationships of gig work, management by algorithm, and how to regulate individual and collective voice in the remote gig economy. Utilising leading research and case studies from companies such as Uber and Deliveroo, the book considers what governments and the law can do to shape a better future for the worker voices and employment conditions of atypical and non-standard workers which, in turn, can help to better impact society.Missing Voice? will be a key resource for scholars and students researching employment conditions, worker and human rights, employment, and labour relations in the fields of business and human resource management, industrial relations and sociology. It will also be of interest to policy-makers, trade unions and think tanks who are interested in labour market changes and issues of worker voice and management practice in the gig economy more broadly.
Mobilities in Remote Places (Changing Mobilities)
Mobilities in Remote Places explores the meanings, challenges, and opportunities of remoteness as practiced and experienced by those who live and work in some of the world’s most remote communities. As mobilities around the world proliferate in countless forms, the meanings of remoteness undergo significant change. Places once considered impossibly distant have appeared to become closer, more accessible, and less distinct from global centres of geopolitical power. But instead of disappearing altogether, configurations of remoteness evolve, manifesting themselves through new possibilities, new challenges, and new insecurities. Drawing from a variety of case studies from around the globe, the book’s contributors examine remoteness as an outcome of evolving mobility constellations. Rather that defining remoteness as an absolute or objective time-distance condition, the book shows how remoteness is a practice, experience, and representation that is situated, relational, and emergent. This collection of original and thought-provoking chapters will be of interest to students and researchers in the humanities and social sciences with an interest in mobilities, place, and human geography.
Mobility and Travel Behaviour Across the Life Course: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches (Transport, Mobilities and Spatial Change)
This thought-provoking book analyses recent innovations for researching travel behaviour over the life course. Original in its approach, it synthesises quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods to contribute to conceptual, methodological and empirical advancements in the field. Through a rich array of new studies, leading scholars from across the globe present work that pushes the theoretical boundaries of mobility biographies research. A balanced range of methods are showcased to establish a fruitful dialogue between disciplines and methodologies, overcoming the prevalence of statistical analyses of travel behaviour data that has governed the field. The book goes beyond a mere stocktaking exercise by offering critical reflections of previous work from a variety of backgrounds, including geography, sociology, psychology, transport planning and civil engineering. Mobility and Travel Behaviour Across the Life Course is a key resource for students, at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels, and established researchers in areas such as transport studies, geography and urban planning. Furthermore, policy makers and planners will benefit from the practical recommendations included throughout.
Mobilizing Knowledge in Healthcare: Challenges for Management and Organization
The research-practice gap is a persistent problem in healthcare - significant new knowledge is created but only some of it is shared and even less is used. As a consequence, many innovative ideas fail to change practice in healthcare settings. Academics, practitioners, and governments alike, agree that finding new ways of mobilizing knowledge is critical to reducing this gap. Yet knowledge mobilization is especially difficult in such a complex setting. This is because knowledge is essentially social and contextual in its very nature. Straightforward, linear 'transfer' models fail to work. This book provides an alternative 'knowledge mobilization' view, that examines in detail how knowledge is circulated and negotiated among those involved in healthcare, and how it is used to actually transform practice. Building on the collective scholarship of some of the most prominent academics in this area, the chapters explore the dynamics of knowledge mobilization, focusing on the challenges these pose for organization and management and how these challenges can be overcome.
A Modern Guide to Creative Economies (Elgar Modern Guides)
Bringing together a series of new perspectives and reflections on creative economies, this insightful Modern Guide expands and challenges current knowledge in the field. Interdisciplinary in scope, it features a broad range of contributions from both leading and emerging scholars, which provide innovative, critical research into a wide range of disciplines, including arts and cultural management, cultural policy, cultural sociology, economics, entrepreneurship, management and business studies, geography, humanities, and media studies.Designed to push the boundaries of understanding on the topic, this Modern Guide initially addresses definitional and methodological challenges, before offering new perspectives on the theory and practice of creative and cultural entrepreneurship, and exploring the role of networks and the importance of place and mobility. The book concludes by re-imagining creative economies, raising issues of inequality and justice, care and solidarity, and opportunities for value recognition, while providing new visions of inclusivity, cultural capability, and future development.A timely reflection on the importance of creative economies, this Modern Guide will be a critical read for students, scholars and policymakers working to support and develop future inclusive and sustainable creative economies.
A Modern Guide to Economic Sociology (Elgar Modern Guides)
This accessible guide to the rapidly growing and interdisciplinary field of modern economic sociology offers critical insights into its fundamental concepts and developments. International in scope, contributions from leading economic sociologists and sociologically-minded economists explore the intersections and implications for theory and empirical research in both disciplines. A Modern Guide to Economic Sociology positions contemporary studies in relation to earlier developments, highlighting the importance of understanding how stages of economic sociology have corresponded and converged with institutional, social, political and behavioural economics over time. Chapters offer a broad range of perspectives of topical and pressing themes including: wealth inequality, unsustainable development, ethical consumption, society and work, institutions and the economy, and society and entrepreneurship. Covering both empirical and theoretical aspects of the field, this book will benefit economic sociologists as well as economic sociology students. It will also be an important read for both economics and sociology students looking to better understand the interactions between the two fields and how they depend upon and advance one another.
A Modern Guide to National Urban Policies in Europe (Elgar Modern Guides)
Written in a clear and concise style, this Modern Guide provides a timely overview and comparison of urban challenges and national urban policies in 13 European countries, addressing key issues such as housing, urban regeneration and climate change. A team of international contributors illustrates how gaps are emerging across Europe due to the significant shifts in urban programmes. The book provides an in-depth analysis into how the European Union influences policies at a national level within its member states and how these are implemented in terms of scope and objectives. It explores how this results in fewer commonalities between countries and the gap between the rise of international urban agendas and variegated national urban policies, examining whether a more bespoke approach is better than the traditional ‘one size fits all’. This insightful book will be an important read for researchers of urban studies and public policy as well as scholars with an interest in urban and regional sociology.
A Modern Guide to Networks (Elgar Modern Guides)
A Modern Guide to Networks identifies five core characteristics of contemporary networks and translates these into ten key pieces of guidance for researchers and practitioners. Arguing that a knowledge–practice gap has emerged due to the lack of contact between network practitioners and researchers, contributors chart a more collaborative future for the field. They identify how research can be effectively translated and implemented to shape the future of social networks.A Modern Guide to Networks highlights the key dimensions of today’s networks, advancing knowledge of how networks operate and how they will function in the future. It showcases the diversity of these networks through extensive case studies, examining experiments in network structure, governance, management, leadership, and evaluation. Combining academic perspectives with practice-based insights, it pushes disciplinary boundaries and provides unique insights into researching and participating in social networks.Providing a state-of-the-art overview of modern networks, it will prove invaluable to academics and researchers in organization studies, public administration and management, and social networks. It will also be a useful resource for practitioners seeking guidance on how to adapt to the rapid evolution of networks.
A Modern Guide to Wellbeing Research (Elgar Modern Guides)
This insightful Modern Guide explores heterodox approaches to modern wellbeing research, with a specific focus on how wellbeing is understood and practised, exploring policies and actions which are taken to shape wellbeing. It evaluates contemporary trends in wellbeing research, including the sometimes competing definitions, methods and approaches offered by different disciplinary perspectives. Exploring the threats to wellbeing from the environments we inhabit and the situations societies create and endure, chapters particularly look at wellbeing inequalities and the experiences of marginalised groups, demonstrating the connection between wellbeing and political struggle. Provocative commentaries from leading scholars plus chapters on original theoretical developments and research studies across diverse world regions reveal wellbeing research based on situated practices, social differences and specific cultural contexts. This Modern Guide assesses the influence and impact of wellbeing research on policy and practice across a range of sectors and spaces, including: wellbeing budgeting, nature-based interventions, urban design, environmental resource management, prisons, housing, international migration, and post-conflict situations. This will be a useful read for scholars of human geography, social policy, urban studies, anthropology, political science and environmental economics. Policy makers will also appreciate the suggestions for improvement to wellbeing policies and practices.
Modern Relationships: Romance, Friendship, and Family in the 21st Century
Over the course of the last few decades, the nature of close personal relationships has evolved dramatically. More and more people choose to marry in their 30s and 40s, meaning that an unprecedented number of people start families later in life than ever. Around the world, more cultures are embracing nontraditional lifestyles, ranging from cohabitation prior to marriage to polyamory. Many regions have grown more accepting of diverse gender and sexual orientations, and as a result, the image of what a family is, who has one, and at what age it is acceptable to start one all look very different from previous generations. Even our friendships have evolved, with technology bridging physical and interpersonal distances in previously impossible ways. This volume compiles the latest research and theory on close relationships in the twenty-first century from multi-disciplinary and international perspectives with the intent of taking stock of the cultural, political, and legal changes that have shaped the relationship landscape. Some of the important shifts that are captured are the rise of singlehood, online dating, and cohabitation, the new importance of social media, marriage equality, and changes in gender norms. New ways of forming families and unions via adoption, assisted reproduction, and remarriage are also covered, as well as coupling across cultural, racial, religious, and national lines. Knitting together a diverse pool of international expertise, this book synthesizes a truly modern take on close personal relationships in the twenty-first century.
MOOCs and Their Afterlives: Experiments in Scale and Access in Higher Education
A trio of headlines in the Chronicle of Higher Education seem to say it all: in 2013, “A Bold Move Toward MOOCs Sends Shock Waves;” in 2014, “Doubts About MOOCs Continue to Rise,” and in 2015, “The MOOC Hype Fades.” At the beginning of the 2010s, MOOCs, or Massive Open Online Courses, seemed poised to completely revolutionize higher education. But now, just a few years into the revolution, educators’ enthusiasm seems to have cooled. As advocates and critics try to make sense of the rise and fall of these courses, both groups are united by one question: Where do we go from here? Elizabeth Losh has gathered experts from across disciplines—education, rhetoric, philosophy, literary studies, history, computer science, and journalism—to tease out lessons and chart a course into the future of open, online education. Instructors talk about what worked and what didn’t. Students share their experiences as participants. And scholars consider the ethics of this education. The collection goes beyond MOOCs to cover variants such as hybrid or blended courses, SPOCs (Small Personalized Online Courses), and DOCCs (Distributed Open Collaborative Course). Together, these essays provide a unique, even-handed look at the MOOC movement and will serve as a thoughtful guide to those shaping the next steps for open education.
The Moral Work of Anthropology: Ethnographic Studies of Anthropologists at Work (Anthropology at Work #2)
Looking at anthropologists at work, this book investigates what kind of morality they perform in their occupations and what the impact of this morality is. The book includes ethnographic studies in four professional arenas: health care, business, management and interdisciplinary research. The discussion is positioned at the intersection of ‘applied or public anthropology’ and ‘the anthropology of ethics’ and analyses the ways in which anthropologists can carry out ‘moral work’ both inside and outside of academia.
Motherhood in Literature and Culture: Interdisciplinary Perspectives from Europe (Routledge Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Literature)
Motherhood remains a complex and contested issue in feminist research as well as public discussion. This interdisciplinary volume explores cultural representations of motherhood in various contemporary European contexts, including France, Italy, Germany, Portugal, Spain, and the UK, and it considers how such representations affect the ways in which different individuals and groups negotiate motherhood as both institution and lived experience. It has a particular focus on literature, but it also includes essays that examine representations of motherhood in philosophy, art, social policy, and film. The book’s driving contention is that, through intersecting with other fields and disciplines, literature and the study of literature have an important role to play in nuancing dialogues around motherhood, by offering challenging insights and imaginative responses to complex problems and experiences. This is demonstrated throughout the volume, which covers a range of topics including: discursive and visual depictions of pregnancy and birth; the impact of new reproductive technologies on changing family configurations; the relationship between mothering and citizenship; the shaping of policy imperatives regarding mothering and disability; and the difficult realities of miscarriage, child death, violence, and infanticide. The collection expands and complicates hegemonic notions of motherhood, as the authors map and analyse shifting conceptions of maternal subjectivity and embodiment, explore some of the constraining and/or enabling contexts in which mothering takes place, and ask searching questions about what it means to be a ‘mother’ in Europe today. It will be of interest not only to those working in gender, women’s and feminist studies, but also to scholars in literary and cultural studies, and those researching in sociology, criminology, politics, psychology, medical ethics, midwifery, and related fields.
Motivational Perspectives on Chronic Pain: Theory, Research, and Practice
Motivational Perspectives on Chronic Pain is one of the first volumes to present a cohesive account of the adaptation to chronic pain from a motivational perspective. Contributing authors from diverse areas of pain research offer comprehensive summaries of the concepts, findings, and applied methodologies that converge on the role of goals and goal-related cognitive processes, self-regulatory support mechanisms, contextual forces, and emotionality as they influence (and are influenced by) the experience of chronic pain. This volume provides readers with an up-to-date compendium of cutting-edge research and interventions that collectively illustrate the utility of viewing chronic pain neither as a "disease" nor an imposed lifestyle, but as the emergent and potentially flexible product of a complex transactional system that is bounded by both sociocultural factors and by biogenetic and neural moderating forces. Within its pages, chapters capture the vibrancy of current theory, research, and practice while pointing toward unexplored new directions. Among the important topics addressed by this distinguished group of authors include: the nature and relevance of control systems, the role of neural mechanisms on pain processing, the influence positive and negative emotion regulation play on pain management, the impact of learning and conditioning, and the often neglected influence of interpersonal processes on adjustment to chronic pain.
Mountain Biking, Culture and Society (Routledge Research in Sport, Culture and Society)
This book represents the first critical examination of the social, cultural, and political significance of mountain biking in contemporary societies. Starting from the premise that cultures of mountain biking are diverse, complex, and at times contradictory, the book offers practical and theoretical insights into a range of embodied, material, and socio-technical relationships. Featuring contributions from an interdisciplinary team of researchers, artists, and (Indigenous) community members with backgrounds in sociology, anthropology, cultural studies, community development, and coaching, chapters critically unpack the complex and contested nature of mountain biking identities, bodies, environments, and inequalities within specific settings. Via a range of international case studies from England, Scotland, America, Canada, New Zealand, and South Africa, authors highlight how tensions and conflicts in the world of mountain biking initiate important conversations about climate change, colonialism, discrimination, and land-use. This is essential reading for academics and practitioners in sociology, cultural studies, sport-for-development, and human geography.
Moving from the Margins: Life Histories on Transforming the Study of Racism (Stanford Studies in Comparative Race and Ethnicity)
At a time when movements for racial justice are front and center in U.S. national politics, this book provides essential new understanding to the study of race, its influence on people's lives, and what we can do to address the persistent and foundational American problem of systemic racism. Knowledge about race and racism changes as social and historical conditions evolve, as different generations of scholars experience unique societal conditions, and as new voices from those who have previously been kept at the margins have challenged us to reconceive our thinking about race and ethnicity. In this collection of essays by prominent sociologists whose work has transformed the understanding of race and ethnicity, each reflects on their career and how their personal experiences have shaped their contribution to understanding racism, both in scholarly and public debate. Merging biography, memoir, and sociohistorical analysis, these essays provide vital insight into the influence of race on people's perspectives and opportunities both inside and outside of academia, and how racial inequality is felt, experienced, and confronted.
The Mughals and the North-East: Encounter and Assimilation in Medieval India
There is a perception that the region of north-east India maintained its ‘splendid isolation’ and remained outside the reach of the Mughals and did not have a pre-colonial past. The present book is an attempt to decenter and demolish the said perceptions and asserts that north-east India had a ‘medieval’ past through linkage with the dominant central power in India – the Mughals. The eastern frontier of this Mughal Empire was constituted by a number of states like Bengal, Koch Bihar, Assam, Manipur, Dimasa, Jaintia, Cachar, Tripura, Khasi confederation, Chittagong, Lushai and the Nagas. Of these, some areas like Bengal were an integral part of the Mughal Empire, while others like Koch Bihar and Assam were in and out of the empire. Tripura, Manipur, Jaintia and Cachar were frequently overrun by the Mughals whenever the State was short of revenue and withdrew soon without incorporating them in the state. Despite not being a formal part of the Mughal Empire, the society, economy, polity and culture of the north-east India, however, had been majorly impacted by the Mughal presence. The brief, but effective advent of the Mughals had supplanted certain political and revenue institutions in various states. It generated trade and commerce, which linked it to the rest of India. A number of wondering Sufi saints, Islamic missionaries, imprisoned Mughal soldiers and officers were settled in various states, which resulted in a substantial Muslim population growth in the region. Besides the population, there are numerous Islamic and syncretic institutions, cultures, and shrines which dot the entire region.