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The Coming of Age of Urban Agriculture (Contemporary Urban Design Thinking)
by Rob RoggemaFor a long time, urban agriculture initiatives have been explored and novel policy and planning practices have been investigated. With the global food crisis the role urban agriculture has to play becomes more and more urgent. The potentials are large: it brings social justice, it limits climate change, it provides a healthy urban condition, it stimulates biodiversity and gives disadvantaged people an economic opportunity. After 15 years in the making, the time is ripe to see whether the growing of food has established a prominent position in urban planning and policies, food productivity, safety and security, social well-being, the arts, and human health. In this volume several aspects of growing food in the city are explored. Urban Agriculture plays a significant role in society. Nevertheless, it did not become a mainstream topic in day-to-day practice. This book provides concrete solutions and clues how to give urban food production a crucial role in the future planning of urban environments.
Common hair cap moss (large print)
by RnibThis is an image of a Common Hair-cap Moss (Polytrichum commune) sporophyte. This has grown from a zygote, the result of the fusing of male and female gametes on the green plant (gametophyte). The sporophyte remains attached to the green plant.There is a locator dot shown, which will be at the top left of the page when the image is the correct way up.The moss is fixed in the ground at the bottom centre of the page. Going up from here there are narrow leaves growing out to the left and right from the stem. There are brown leaves at the bottom and green leaves further up.The stem continues up the page.You will find the plans capsule containing spores at the top of the image. It has a lid, with beak on top, which opens to release the spores; these will grow into new green plants.Like most mosses the Hair-cap grows in moist habitats: wet heathland or bogs. Its height ranges from 5 to 30 centimetres. Many plants will grow together to form a thick mat.
Common hair cap moss (UEB contracted)
by RnibThis is an image of a Common Hair-cap Moss (Polytrichum commune) sporophyte. This has grown from a zygote, the result of the fusing of male and female gametes on the green plant (gametophyte). The sporophyte remains attached to the green plant.There is a locator dot shown, which will be at the top left of the page when the image is the correct way up.The moss is fixed in the ground at the bottom centre of the page. Going up from here there are narrow leaves growing out to the left and right from the stem. There are brown leaves at the bottom and green leaves further up.The stem continues up the page.You will find the plans capsule containing spores at the top of the image. It has a lid, with beak on top, which opens to release the spores; these will grow into new green plants.Like most mosses the Hair-cap grows in moist habitats: wet heathland or bogs. Its height ranges from 5 to 30 centimetres. Many plants will grow together to form a thick mat.
Common hair cap moss (UEB uncontracted)
by RnibThis is an image of a Common Hair-cap Moss (Polytrichum commune) sporophyte. This has grown from a zygote, the result of the fusing of male and female gametes on the green plant (gametophyte). The sporophyte remains attached to the green plant.There is a locator dot shown, which will be at the top left of the page when the image is the correct way up.The moss is fixed in the ground at the bottom centre of the page. Going up from here there are narrow leaves growing out to the left and right from the stem. There are brown leaves at the bottom and green leaves further up.The stem continues up the page.You will find the plans capsule containing spores at the top of the image. It has a lid, with beak on top, which opens to release the spores; these will grow into new green plants.Like most mosses the Hair-cap grows in moist habitats: wet heathland or bogs. Its height ranges from 5 to 30 centimetres. Many plants will grow together to form a thick mat.
Community-Built: Art, Construction, Preservation, and Place (Community Development Research and Practice Series)
by Katherine Melcher Barry Stiefel Kristin FaurestThroughout history and around the world, community members have come together to build places, be it settlers constructing log cabins in nineteenth-century Canada, an artist group creating a waterfront gathering place along the Danube in Budapest, or residents helping revive small-town main streets in the United States. What all these projects have in common is that they involve local volunteers in the construction of public and community places; they are community-built. Although much attention has been given to specific community-built movements such as public murals and community gardens, little has been given to defining community-built as a whole. This volume provides a preliminary description of community-built practices with examples from the disciplines of urban design, historic preservation, and community art. Taken as a whole, these community-built projects illustrate how the process of local involvement in adapting, building, and preserving a built environment can strengthen communities and create places that are intimately tied to local needs, culture, and community. The lessons learned from this volume can provide community planners, grassroots facilitators, and participants with an understanding of what can lead to successful community-built art, construction, preservation, and placemaking.
Community-Built: Art, Construction, Preservation, and Place (Community Development Research and Practice Series)
by Katherine Melcher Barry Stiefel Kristin FaurestThroughout history and around the world, community members have come together to build places, be it settlers constructing log cabins in nineteenth-century Canada, an artist group creating a waterfront gathering place along the Danube in Budapest, or residents helping revive small-town main streets in the United States. What all these projects have in common is that they involve local volunteers in the construction of public and community places; they are community-built. Although much attention has been given to specific community-built movements such as public murals and community gardens, little has been given to defining community-built as a whole. This volume provides a preliminary description of community-built practices with examples from the disciplines of urban design, historic preservation, and community art. Taken as a whole, these community-built projects illustrate how the process of local involvement in adapting, building, and preserving a built environment can strengthen communities and create places that are intimately tied to local needs, culture, and community. The lessons learned from this volume can provide community planners, grassroots facilitators, and participants with an understanding of what can lead to successful community-built art, construction, preservation, and placemaking.
Community Capacity and Resilience in Latin America (Community Development Research and Practice Series)
by Paul R. Lachapelle Isabel Gutierrez-Montes Cornelia Butler FloraCommunity Capacity and Resilience in Latin America addresses the role of communities in building their capacity to increase resiliency and carry out rural development strategies in Latin America. Resiliency in a community sense is associated with an ability to address stress and respond to shock while obtaining participatory engagement in community assessment, planning and outcome. Although the political contexts for community development have changed dramatically in a number of Latin American countries in recent years, there are growing opportunities and examples of communities working together to address common problems and improve collective quality of life. This book links scholarship that highlights community development praxis using new frameworks to understand the potential for community capacity and resiliency. By rejecting old linear models of development, based on technology transfer and diffusion of technology, many communities in Latin America have built capacity of their capital assets to become more resilient and adapt positively to change. This book is an essential resource for academics and practitioners of rural development, demonstrating that there is much we can learn from the skills of self-diagnosis and building on existing assets to enhance community capitals. Chapter 3 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.
Community Capacity and Resilience in Latin America (Community Development Research and Practice Series)
by Paul R. Lachapelle Isabel Gutierrez-Montes Cornelia Butler FloraCommunity Capacity and Resilience in Latin America addresses the role of communities in building their capacity to increase resiliency and carry out rural development strategies in Latin America. Resiliency in a community sense is associated with an ability to address stress and respond to shock while obtaining participatory engagement in community assessment, planning and outcome. Although the political contexts for community development have changed dramatically in a number of Latin American countries in recent years, there are growing opportunities and examples of communities working together to address common problems and improve collective quality of life. This book links scholarship that highlights community development praxis using new frameworks to understand the potential for community capacity and resiliency. By rejecting old linear models of development, based on technology transfer and diffusion of technology, many communities in Latin America have built capacity of their capital assets to become more resilient and adapt positively to change. This book is an essential resource for academics and practitioners of rural development, demonstrating that there is much we can learn from the skills of self-diagnosis and building on existing assets to enhance community capitals. Chapter 3 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.
Community Carsharing and the Social–Ecological Mobility Transition (Networked Urban Mobilities Series)
by Luca NitschkeThis book investigates how practices of community carsharing are influencing everyday mobility. It argues that hegemonic practices of automobility are reconfigured through practices of community carsharing, thereby challenging capitalist mobilities in the realm of everyday life. Through a detailed empirical study of practices of community carsharing and its practitioners in the rural regions around Munich, Germany, this book reveals how the practice contributes to the emergence of alternative automobile practices, meanings, identities and subjectivities. It also explores the embedding of automobility into its ecological context, the connection of function and community in practices of community carsharing and the changing of ownership relations through a process of commoning mobility. This reconfiguration of everyday practices of automobility takes place through processes of everyday resistance, re-embedding and commoning, and ultimately results in the emergence of an alternative mobility culture, thereby facilitating the dissemination of an alternative common sense of community carsharing. This book on community carsharing provides a valuable insight into carsharing in rural settings and exemplifies how carsharing specifically, and sharing mobilities in general, can contribute to a social–ecological mobility transition. The work will be of particular interest to scholars and practitioners working in mobility studies and mobilities.
Community Carsharing and the Social–Ecological Mobility Transition (Networked Urban Mobilities Series)
by Luca NitschkeThis book investigates how practices of community carsharing are influencing everyday mobility. It argues that hegemonic practices of automobility are reconfigured through practices of community carsharing, thereby challenging capitalist mobilities in the realm of everyday life. Through a detailed empirical study of practices of community carsharing and its practitioners in the rural regions around Munich, Germany, this book reveals how the practice contributes to the emergence of alternative automobile practices, meanings, identities and subjectivities. It also explores the embedding of automobility into its ecological context, the connection of function and community in practices of community carsharing and the changing of ownership relations through a process of commoning mobility. This reconfiguration of everyday practices of automobility takes place through processes of everyday resistance, re-embedding and commoning, and ultimately results in the emergence of an alternative mobility culture, thereby facilitating the dissemination of an alternative common sense of community carsharing. This book on community carsharing provides a valuable insight into carsharing in rural settings and exemplifies how carsharing specifically, and sharing mobilities in general, can contribute to a social–ecological mobility transition. The work will be of particular interest to scholars and practitioners working in mobility studies and mobilities.
Community Development Approaches to Improving Public Health (Community Development – Current Issues Series)
by Robert S. OgilvieAs the rates of chronic diseases, like diabetes, asthma and obesity skyrocket, research is showing that the built environment – the way our cities and towns are developed – contributes to the epidemic rates of these diseases. It is unlikely that those who planned and developed these places envisioned these situations. Public health, community development planning, and other fields influencing the built environment have operated in isolation for much of recent history, with the result being places that public health advocates have labelled, ‘designed for disease’. The sad irony of this is that planning and public health arose together, in response to the need to create health standards, zoning and building codes to combat the infectious diseases that were prevalent in the industrializing cities of late nineteenth and early twentieth century America. In recent years, the dramatic rise in chronic disease rates in cities and towns has begun to bring public health and planning back together to promote development pattern and policies facilitating physical activity and neighbourly interactions as antidotes. In this book, a number of such community development efforts are highlighted, bringing attention to the need to coordinate planning, community development and health policy. This book was originally published as a special issue of Community Development.
Community Development Approaches to Improving Public Health (Community Development – Current Issues Series)
by Robert S. OgilvieAs the rates of chronic diseases, like diabetes, asthma and obesity skyrocket, research is showing that the built environment – the way our cities and towns are developed – contributes to the epidemic rates of these diseases. It is unlikely that those who planned and developed these places envisioned these situations. Public health, community development planning, and other fields influencing the built environment have operated in isolation for much of recent history, with the result being places that public health advocates have labelled, ‘designed for disease’. The sad irony of this is that planning and public health arose together, in response to the need to create health standards, zoning and building codes to combat the infectious diseases that were prevalent in the industrializing cities of late nineteenth and early twentieth century America. In recent years, the dramatic rise in chronic disease rates in cities and towns has begun to bring public health and planning back together to promote development pattern and policies facilitating physical activity and neighbourly interactions as antidotes. In this book, a number of such community development efforts are highlighted, bringing attention to the need to coordinate planning, community development and health policy. This book was originally published as a special issue of Community Development.
Community Development for Social Change
by Dave Beck Rod PurcellCommunity Development for Social Change provides a comprehensive introduction to the theory and practice of community development and associated activities, discusses best practice from global experience and links that to the UK context. The book integrates the realities of practice to key underpinning theories, human rights, values and a commitment to promoting social justice. A range of practice models are described and analysed, including UK models, popular education and community organising, as well as a range of practice issues that need to be understood by community development workers. For example, strategies to promote individual and community empowerment, challenging discrimination, building and sustaining groups, and critical reflection on practice. Finally, a range of case studies from the UK and overseas illustrates good practice in diverse contexts. These case studies are analysed with reference to the values of community development, the promotion of social justice and the underpinning theories. It is an essential text for those on community development courses as well as for a range of workers, including local government, national and local voluntary agencies, and community-based organisations.
Community Development for Social Change
by Dave Beck Rod PurcellCommunity Development for Social Change provides a comprehensive introduction to the theory and practice of community development and associated activities, discusses best practice from global experience and links that to the UK context. The book integrates the realities of practice to key underpinning theories, human rights, values and a commitment to promoting social justice. A range of practice models are described and analysed, including UK models, popular education and community organising, as well as a range of practice issues that need to be understood by community development workers. For example, strategies to promote individual and community empowerment, challenging discrimination, building and sustaining groups, and critical reflection on practice. Finally, a range of case studies from the UK and overseas illustrates good practice in diverse contexts. These case studies are analysed with reference to the values of community development, the promotion of social justice and the underpinning theories. It is an essential text for those on community development courses as well as for a range of workers, including local government, national and local voluntary agencies, and community-based organisations.
Community Development for Times of Crisis: Creating Caring Communities (Community Development Research and Practice Series)
by Mark A. BrennanThis book explores the intersection of community development and local capacity building as a basis for effective disaster mitigation and the alleviation of suffering in times of crisis. Beginning with the Community Development section, the process, context, and methods for community, engagement, and development can be viewed from different structural and logical approaches. This section explores some of the more relevant historical arguments, as well as more contemporary examinations. The second section looks at Critical Human and Community Considerations and sheds light on some of the key concepts that are often overlooked (poverty, race, inequality, social justice, mental health, social division) when framing community responses to disaster. The third section focuses on Fundamental Elements of Caring Communities. This section explores the importance, practical, and measurable impacts of social support, empathy, inclusion, and conflict resolution in creating effective and caring community responses. Finally, the last section focuses on practice and brings together research and theory into applied programming, examples, and evidence from on-the-ground efforts to establish caring communities that respond to local needs in times of crisis and beyond. By addressing these objectives, this book provides a more complete understanding of the essential role that community can play in disaster mitigation. Doing this will provide a better focus for ongoing research endeavors, and program and policy initiatives at the community level that seek to prepare for, respond to, and recover from natural and other disasters. As a result, this book contributes to wider and more sustainable development of our communities beyond disasters, while furthering dialog among community scholars and practitioners.
Community Development for Times of Crisis: Creating Caring Communities (Community Development Research and Practice Series)
by Mark A. Brennan Rhonda Phillips Norman Walzer Brent D. HalesThis book explores the intersection of community development and local capacity building as a basis for effective disaster mitigation and the alleviation of suffering in times of crisis. Beginning with the Community Development section, the process, context, and methods for community, engagement, and development can be viewed from different structural and logical approaches. This section explores some of the more relevant historical arguments, as well as more contemporary examinations. The second section looks at Critical Human and Community Considerations and sheds light on some of the key concepts that are often overlooked (poverty, race, inequality, social justice, mental health, social division) when framing community responses to disaster. The third section focuses on Fundamental Elements of Caring Communities. This section explores the importance, practical, and measurable impacts of social support, empathy, inclusion, and conflict resolution in creating effective and caring community responses. Finally, the last section focuses on practice and brings together research and theory into applied programming, examples, and evidence from on-the-ground efforts to establish caring communities that respond to local needs in times of crisis and beyond. By addressing these objectives, this book provides a more complete understanding of the essential role that community can play in disaster mitigation. Doing this will provide a better focus for ongoing research endeavors, and program and policy initiatives at the community level that seek to prepare for, respond to, and recover from natural and other disasters. As a result, this book contributes to wider and more sustainable development of our communities beyond disasters, while furthering dialog among community scholars and practitioners.
Community-Engaged Interior Design: An Illustrated Guide
by Travis Lee HicksThis step-by-step guide takes the reader through each stage of the design process, from concept to completion, exploring practical methods of how to engage the community throughout interior architecture and design projects. This book argues that all design should be accomplished through a process of engagement, be it with community members, clients, or end users. The community-engaged designer welcomes participatory processes, mutually beneficial collaboration, and equitable inclusion in order to meet the needs and wants of diverse groups of people. Chapters cover the initial engagement of communities, marketing, and pre-design phases, translating research into a design scheme in development with the community, communicating designs, engaging community-based makers, craftspeople, product manufacturers, vendors, and distributors, constructing designs, and evaluating the end result. Finally, case studies of successful community-engaged design projects are presented and analyzed to demonstrate this approach in action. Learning objectives, chapter summaries, and exercises help to ease understanding and build design thinking and technical skills, equipping the reader with the tools to succeed as a community-engaged designer. Hicks distills years of experience teaching community-engaged design within this volume, which will be a valuable resource for all interior architecture and design students and practitioners.
Community-Engaged Interior Design: An Illustrated Guide
by Travis Lee HicksThis step-by-step guide takes the reader through each stage of the design process, from concept to completion, exploring practical methods of how to engage the community throughout interior architecture and design projects. This book argues that all design should be accomplished through a process of engagement, be it with community members, clients, or end users. The community-engaged designer welcomes participatory processes, mutually beneficial collaboration, and equitable inclusion in order to meet the needs and wants of diverse groups of people. Chapters cover the initial engagement of communities, marketing, and pre-design phases, translating research into a design scheme in development with the community, communicating designs, engaging community-based makers, craftspeople, product manufacturers, vendors, and distributors, constructing designs, and evaluating the end result. Finally, case studies of successful community-engaged design projects are presented and analyzed to demonstrate this approach in action. Learning objectives, chapter summaries, and exercises help to ease understanding and build design thinking and technical skills, equipping the reader with the tools to succeed as a community-engaged designer. Hicks distills years of experience teaching community-engaged design within this volume, which will be a valuable resource for all interior architecture and design students and practitioners.
The Community Food Forest Handbook: How to Plan, Organize, and Nurture Edible Gathering Places
by Catherine Bukowski John Munsell LaManda JoyCollaboration and leadership strategies for long-term success Fueled by the popularity of permaculture and agroecology, community food forests are capturing the imaginations of people in neighborhoods, towns, and cities across the United States. Along with community gardens and farmers markets, community food forests are an avenue toward creating access to nutritious food and promoting environmental sustainability where we live. Interest in installing them in public spaces is on the rise. People are the most vital component of community food forests, but while we know more than ever about how to design food forests, the ways in which to best organize and lead groups of people involved with these projects has received relatively little attention. In The Community Food Forest Handbook, Catherine Bukowski and John Munsell dive into the civic aspects of community food forests, drawing on observations, group meetings, and interviews at over 20 projects across the country and their own experience creating and managing a food forest. They combine the stories and strategies gathered during their research with concepts of community development and project management to outline steps for creating lasting public food forests that positively impact communities. Rather than rehash food forest design, which classic books such as Forest Gardening and Edible Forest Gardens address in great detail, The Community Food Forest Handbook uses systems thinking and draws on social change theory to focus on how to work with diverse groups of people when conceiving of, designing, and implementing a community food forest. To find practical ground, the authors use management phases to highlight the ebb and flow of community capitals from a project’s inception to its completion. They also explore examples of positive feedbacks that are often unexpected but offer avenues for enhancing the success of a community food forest. The Community Food Forest Handbook provides readers with helpful ideas for building and sustaining momentum, working with diverse public and private stakeholders, integrating assorted civic interests and visions within one project, creating safe and attractive sites, navigating community policies, positively affecting public perception, and managing site evolution and adaptation. Its concepts and examples showcase the complexities of community food forests, highlighting the human resilience of those who learn and experience what is possible when they collaborate on a shared vision for their community.
Community Green: Rediscovering the Enclosed Spaces of the Garden Suburb Tradition
by David Nichols Robert FreestoneNeighbourhood open space ranks highly as a key component in suburban liveability assessments, originating from the development of urban planning as a profession and the proliferation of the garden suburb. Community Green uniquely connects the past, present and future of planning for small open spaces around the narrative of internal reserves.The distinctive planned spaces are typically enclosed on every side, hidden within residential blocks, serving as local pocket parks and reflecting the evolving values of community life from the garden city movement to contemporary new urbanism. This book resuscitates the enclosed, almost secretive reserve from history as a distinctive form of local open space whose problems and potentialities are relevant to many other green community spaces. In so doing, it opens up even wider connections between localism and globalism, the past and the future, and for connecting community initiatives to broader global challenges of cohesion, health, food, and climate change. This fully illustrated book charts the outcomes and implications of this evolution across several continents, injecting human stories of civic initiatives, struggles and triumphs along the way.Community Green will be of interest to a wide readership interested in studying, managing and improving the quality of all small open spaces in the urban landscape.
Community Green: Rediscovering the Enclosed Spaces of the Garden Suburb Tradition
by David Nichols Robert FreestoneNeighbourhood open space ranks highly as a key component in suburban liveability assessments, originating from the development of urban planning as a profession and the proliferation of the garden suburb. Community Green uniquely connects the past, present and future of planning for small open spaces around the narrative of internal reserves.The distinctive planned spaces are typically enclosed on every side, hidden within residential blocks, serving as local pocket parks and reflecting the evolving values of community life from the garden city movement to contemporary new urbanism. This book resuscitates the enclosed, almost secretive reserve from history as a distinctive form of local open space whose problems and potentialities are relevant to many other green community spaces. In so doing, it opens up even wider connections between localism and globalism, the past and the future, and for connecting community initiatives to broader global challenges of cohesion, health, food, and climate change. This fully illustrated book charts the outcomes and implications of this evolution across several continents, injecting human stories of civic initiatives, struggles and triumphs along the way.Community Green will be of interest to a wide readership interested in studying, managing and improving the quality of all small open spaces in the urban landscape.
Community Livability: Issues and Approaches to Sustaining the Well-Being of People and Communities
by Fritz Wagner Roger W. CavesWhat is a livable community? How do you design and develop one? What does government at all levels need to do to support and nurture the cause of livable communities? Using a blend of theory and practice, the second edition of Community Livability addresses evidence from international, state and local perspectives to explore what is meant by the term "livable communities." The second edition contains new chapters from leading academics and practitioners that examine the various factors that constitute a livable community (e.g., the influence and importance of transportation options/alternatives to the elderly, the importance of walkability as a factor in developing a livable and healthy community, the importance of good open space providing for human activity and health, restorative benefits, etc., the importance of coordinated land use and transportation planning), and the relationship between livability and quality of life. A number of chapters focus on livable communities with case studies from an international perspective in USA, Canada, Australia, Peru, Sweden, South Korea, Japan, and Austria.
Community Livability: Issues and Approaches to Sustaining the Well-Being of People and Communities
by Fritz Wagner Roger W. CavesWhat is a livable community? How do you design and develop one? What does government at all levels need to do to support and nurture the cause of livable communities? Using a blend of theory and practice, the second edition of Community Livability addresses evidence from international, state and local perspectives to explore what is meant by the term "livable communities." The second edition contains new chapters from leading academics and practitioners that examine the various factors that constitute a livable community (e.g., the influence and importance of transportation options/alternatives to the elderly, the importance of walkability as a factor in developing a livable and healthy community, the importance of good open space providing for human activity and health, restorative benefits, etc., the importance of coordinated land use and transportation planning), and the relationship between livability and quality of life. A number of chapters focus on livable communities with case studies from an international perspective in USA, Canada, Australia, Peru, Sweden, South Korea, Japan, and Austria.
A Community Manifesto
by Chris WrightCivilizations fail when they become trapped in a way of looking at the world that no longer works. For many, globalization is pushing us to the edge of disaster - an onward march of blinkered vision, encouraging passivity, moral blindness and a culture of dependency.A Community Manifesto is an elegantly written polemic offering a new way of looking at our social, cultural and economic realities. Tackling the crucial dimensions of personal responsibility, consensus and community, it shows how we can find a new language through which we can reinvigorate our individual and social lives, developing the resourcefulness we need but which proves so difficult to cultivate. The vision it presents is persuasive and very timely - only by building community can human society evolve and progress.
A Community Manifesto
by Chris WrightCivilizations fail when they become trapped in a way of looking at the world that no longer works. For many, globalization is pushing us to the edge of disaster - an onward march of blinkered vision, encouraging passivity, moral blindness and a culture of dependency.A Community Manifesto is an elegantly written polemic offering a new way of looking at our social, cultural and economic realities. Tackling the crucial dimensions of personal responsibility, consensus and community, it shows how we can find a new language through which we can reinvigorate our individual and social lives, developing the resourcefulness we need but which proves so difficult to cultivate. The vision it presents is persuasive and very timely - only by building community can human society evolve and progress.