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Yearbook on Space Policy 2011/2012: Space in Times of Financial Crisis (Yearbook on Space Policy)
by Cenan Al-Ekabi Blandina Baranes Peter Hulsroj Arne LahcenThe Yearbook on Space Policy is the reference publication analyzing space policy developments. Each year it presents issues and trends in space policy and the space sector as a whole. Its scope is global and its perspective is European. The Yearbook also links space policy with other policy areas. It highlights specific events and issues, and provides useful insights, data and information on space activities. The Yearbook on Space Policy is edited by the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI) based in Vienna, Austria. It combines in-house research and contributions of members of the European Space Policy Research and Academic Network (ESPRAN), coordinated by ESPI. The Yearbook is designed for government decision-makers and agencies, industry professionals, as well as the service sectors, researchers and scientists and the interested public.
Yearbook on Space Policy 2012/2013: Space in a Changing World (Yearbook on Space Policy)
by Cenan Al-Ekabi Blandina Baranes Peter Hulsroj Arne LahcenThe Yearbook on Space Policy is the reference publication analyzing space policy developments. Each year it presents issues and trends in space policy and the space sector as a whole. Its scope is global and its perspective is European. The Yearbook also links space policy with other policy areas. It highlights specific events and issues, and provides useful insights, data and information on space activities. The Yearbook on Space Policy is edited by the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI) based in Vienna, Austria. It combines in-house research and contributions of members of the European Space Policy Research and Academic Network (ESPRAN), coordinated by ESPI. The Yearbook is designed for government decision-makers and agencies, industry professionals, as well as the service sectors, researchers and scientists and the interested public.
Yearbook on Space Policy 2014: The Governance of Space (Yearbook on Space Policy)
by Cenan Al-Ekabi Blandina Baranes Peter Hulsroj Arne LahcenThe Yearbook on Space Policy, edited by the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI), is the reference publication analysing space policy developments. Each year it presents issues and trends in space policy and the space sector as a whole. Its scope is global and its perspective is European. The Yearbook also links space policy with other policy areas. It highlights specific events and issues, and provides useful insights, data and information on space activities. The first part of the Yearbook sets out a comprehensive overview of the economic, political, technological and institutional trends that have affected space activities. The second part of the Yearbook offers a more analytical perspective on the yearly ESPI theme and consists of external contributions written by professionals with diverse backgrounds and areas of expertise. The third part of the Yearbook carries forward the character of the Yearbook as an archive of space activities. The Yearbook is designed for government decision-makers and agencies, industry professionals, as well as the service sectors, researchers and scientists and the interested public.
Yearbook on Space Policy 2015: Access to Space and the Evolution of Space Activities (Yearbook on Space Policy)
by Cenan Al-Ekabi Blandina Baranes Peter Hulsroj Arne LahcenThe Yearbook on Space Policy, edited by the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI), is the reference publication analysing space policy developments. Each year it presents issues and trends in space policy and the space sector as a whole. Its scope is global and its perspective is European. The Yearbook also links space policy with other policy areas. It highlights specific events and issues, and provides useful insights, data and information on space activities. The first part of the Yearbook sets out a comprehensive overview of the economic, political, technological and institutional trends that have affected space activities. The second part of the Yearbook offers a more analytical perspective on the yearly ESPI theme and consists of external contributions written by professionals with diverse backgrounds and areas of expertise. The third part of the Yearbook carries forward the character of the Yearbook as an archive of space activities. The Yearbook is designed for government decision-makers and agencies, industry professionals, as well as the service sectors, researchers and scientists and the interested public.
Yearbook on Space Policy 2016: Space for Sustainable Development (Yearbook on Space Policy)
by Cenan Al-Ekabi Stefano FerrettiThe Yearbook on Space Policy, edited by the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI), is the reference publication analysing space policy developments. Each year it presents issues and trends in space policy and the space sector as a whole. Its scope is global and its perspective is European. The Yearbook also links space policy with other policy areas. It highlights specific events and issues, and provides useful insights, data and information on space activities. The first part of the Yearbook sets out a comprehensive overview of the economic, political, technological and institutional trends that have affected space activities. The second part of the Yearbook offers a more analytical perspective on the yearly ESPI theme and consists of external contributions written by professionals with diverse backgrounds and areas of expertise. The third part of the Yearbook carries forward the character of the Yearbook as an archive of space activities. The Yearbook is designed for government decision-makers and agencies, industry professionals, as well as the service sectors, researchers and scientists and the interested public.
Yearbook on Space Policy 2017: Security in Outer Space: Rising Stakes for Civilian Space Programmes (Yearbook on Space Policy)
by Giulia Bordacchini Edward BurgerThe book describes the recent trends in space policy and the space sector overall. While maintaining a global scope with a European perspective, it links space policy with other policy areas, highlights major events, and provides insights on the latest data. The Yearbook includes the proceedings of ESPI's 12th Autumn Conference, which discussed the growing importance of Security in Outer Space and the stakes for civilian space programmes in the public and private sectors. Bringing together satellite operators, SMEs, European and American institutions, and think tanks, the Autumn Conference served as platform for fresh insights on security in outer space and the potential of transatlantic relations to address its challenges. The Yearbook also includes executive summaries of ESPI's work in 2017 as well as ESPI's 2017 Executive Briefs, covering topics such as suborbital spaceflight, super heavy lift launch vehicles, collaboration with China, and the delimitation of outer space. All in all, the book gives a detailed review of space policy developments worldwide, contextualised with information about national-level space industries and activity and broader political and economic conditions. The readership is expected to include the staff of space agencies, the space industry, and the space law and policy research community.
Yearning for Form and Other Essays on Hermann Cohen's Thought (Studies in German Idealism #5)
by Andrea PomaHermann Cohen’s philosophy has now, finally, received the recognition it deserves. His thought undoubtedly has all the characteristics of a classic. It faced the great problems of philosophical tradition, with full critical awareness and at the same time, with the capacity to open up new, original routes. It represents one of the last expressions of great systematic thought. The papers collected in this volume deal with different aspects of Cohen’s thought, ethical, political, aesthetic and religious aspectsin particular. However they all represent attempts to follow the ubiquitous presence of certain important themes in Cohen and their capacity for containing meanings that cannot be limited to a single philosophical sphere: themes that are keys to reading unity of inspiration in his thought, which is more deeply imbedded than the exterior architectural unity of his work. The search for the fundamental themes behind Cohen is an important task, if we wish to see this philosopher as a present-day vital point of reference.
Yellow Book: Government Auditing Standards (AICPA)
by Allison J. Harrell Jeff BarbacciDo you perform engagements in accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS) as presented in the Yellow Book? This book provides an excellent baseline of information for accountants to better understand governmental auditing foundations, ethics, general audit standards, financial audit standards, attestation engagement standards, and fieldwork and reporting standards for performance audits. It is essential that all auditors planning and conducting audits in accordance with GAGAS understand and discern these concepts and standards in executing their responsibilities. In addition to a chapter covering the key points in a Uniform Guidance compliance audit, this book also includes content from AICPA Guide Government Auditing Standards and Single Audits related to a Uniform Guidance compliance audit, including appendixes for example auditor's reports and sampling guidance. This book will prepare you to do the following: Identify the types of engagements that are performed under Government Auditing Standards. Recognize Yellow Book requirements related to independence, peer review, and more. Identify the additional requirements for performing a financial audit under GAGAS. Recognize the additional GAGAS reporting requirements for financial audits. Recall the requirements for performing attestation engagements and performance audits under the Yellow Book.
Yellow Book: Government Auditing Standards (AICPA)
by Allison J. Harrell Jeff BarbacciDo you perform engagements in accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS) as presented in the Yellow Book? This book provides an excellent baseline of information for accountants to better understand governmental auditing foundations, ethics, general audit standards, financial audit standards, attestation engagement standards, and fieldwork and reporting standards for performance audits. It is essential that all auditors planning and conducting audits in accordance with GAGAS understand and discern these concepts and standards in executing their responsibilities. In addition to a chapter covering the key points in a Uniform Guidance compliance audit, this book also includes content from AICPA Guide Government Auditing Standards and Single Audits related to a Uniform Guidance compliance audit, including appendixes for example auditor's reports and sampling guidance. This book will prepare you to do the following: Identify the types of engagements that are performed under Government Auditing Standards. Recognize Yellow Book requirements related to independence, peer review, and more. Identify the additional requirements for performing a financial audit under GAGAS. Recognize the additional GAGAS reporting requirements for financial audits. Recall the requirements for performing attestation engagements and performance audits under the Yellow Book.
Yellow Star, Red Star: Holocaust Remembrance after Communism
by Jelena SubotićYellow Star, Red Star asks why Holocaust memory continues to be so deeply troubled—ignored, appropriated, and obfuscated—throughout Eastern Europe, even though it was in those lands that most of the extermination campaign occurred. As part of accession to the European Union, Jelena Subotić shows, East European states were required to adopt, participate in, and contribute to the established Western narrative of the Holocaust. This requirement created anxiety and resentment in post-communist states: Holocaust memory replaced communist terror as the dominant narrative in Eastern Europe, focusing instead on predominantly Jewish suffering in World War II. Influencing the European Union's own memory politics and legislation in the process, post-communist states have attempted to reconcile these two memories by pursuing new strategies of Holocaust remembrance. The memory, symbols, and imagery of the Holocaust have been appropriated to represent crimes of communism.Yellow Star, Red Star presents in-depth accounts of Holocaust remembrance practices in Serbia, Croatia, and Lithuania, and extends the discussion to other East European states. The book demonstrates how countries of the region used Holocaust remembrance as a political strategy to resolve their contemporary "ontological insecurities"—insecurities about their identities, about their international status, and about their relationships with other international actors. As Subotić concludes, Holocaust memory in Eastern Europe has never been about the Holocaust or about the desire to remember the past, whether during communism or in its aftermath. Rather, it has been about managing national identities in a precarious and uncertain world.
Yellow Tourism: Crime and Corruption in the Holiday Sector (Tourism, Hospitality & Event Management)
by Alexis Papathanassis Stavros Katsios Nicoleta Ramona DinuThis book presents the latest research and novel case studies on crime and corruption in the tourism and hospitality industry. It approaches tourism as both a globalised business impacting the livelihood of millions of people, and a highly challenging field of action for national legislators and law enforcement agencies. The global nature and ubiquity of tourism, as well as the core elements of the holiday experience - such as interactions with unknown environments and places, a care-free mind-set, novelty-seeking behaviour and anonymity - render it highly susceptible to victimisation, crime and corruption. Accordingly, the book addresses a comprehensive set of emerging issues, including: conflict and fraud during holidays; criminal and negligence offences at tourists’ expense; exploitation and mistreatment of service workers; deterioration of heritage, cultural and natural resources; and securitisation of tourism.
Yes to the City: Millennials and the Fight for Affordable Housing
by Max HolleranA fascinating account of the growing "Yes in My Backyard" urban movement The exorbitant costs of urban housing and the widening gap in income inequality are fueling a combative new movement in cities around the world. A growing number of influential activists aren&’t waiting for new public housing to be built. Instead, they&’re calling for more construction and denser cities in order to increase affordability. Yes to the City offers an in-depth look at the &“Yes in My Backyard&” (YIMBY) movement. From its origins in San Francisco to its current cadre of activists pushing for new apartment towers in places like Boulder, Austin, and London, Max Holleran explores how urban density, once maligned for its association with overpopulated slums, has become a rallying cry for millennial activists locked out of housing markets and unable to pay high rents.Holleran provides a detailed account of YIMBY activists campaigning for construction, new zoning rules, better public transit, and even candidates for local and state office. YIMBY groups draw together an unlikely coalition, from developers and real estate agents to environmentalists, and Holleran looks at the increasingly contentious battles between market-driven pragmatists and rent-control idealists. Arguing that advocates for more housing must carefully weigh their demands for supply with the continuing damage of gentrification, he shows that these individuals see high-density urbanism and walkable urban spaces as progressive statements about the kind of society they would like to create.Chronicling a major shift in housing activism during the past twenty years, Yes to the City considers how one movement has reframed conversations about urban growth.
Yes We (Still) Can: Politics in the age of Obama, Twitter and Trump
by Dan PfeifferFrom Barack Obama's former communications director comes a colourful account of how politics, the media, and the internet changed during the Obama presidency and how Democrats can fight back in the Trump era.The ‘Decade of Obama’ (2007—2017) was one of massive change that rewrote the rules of politics in ways that are only now beginning to be understood. Which is why all pundits got the 2016 presidential election wrong). Yes We (Still) Can looks at how Obama navigated the forces that allowed Trump to win the White House, becoming one of the most consequential presidents in American history, why Trump surprised everyone, and how Democrats can come out on top in the long run.Part political memoir, part blueprint for progressives in the Trump era, Yes We (Still) Can is an insider’s take on the crazy politics of our time. Pfeiffer, one of Barack Obama’s longest-serving advisors, reveals never-before-told stories ranging from Obama’s presidential campaigns to his time in the White House, providing readers with an in-depth, behind-the-scenes look at life on the front line of politics.
The York-Antwerp Rules: The Principles And Practice Of General Average Adjustment (Lloyd's Shipping Law Library)
by N. Geoffrey Hudson Michael HarveyWritten from the perspective of the Average Adjuster, and updated to include a detailed analysis of the new rules adopted in 2016, this book is an essential read for practitioners in maritime law and marine insurance. The book contains: historical references regarding the establishment of General Average from Roman Law onwards; details of the establishment of International rules to achieve uniformity in the adjustment of General Average and their development: the Glasgow Resolutions of 1860; the York rules of 1864; and the York-Antwerp Rules 1877, 1890, 1924, 1950, 1974, 1994, 2004 and 2016; a detailed analysis of the York-Antwerp Rules 2016; CMI Guidelines relating to General Average; general average security; general average absorption clauses; and new to this edition: insurance of average disbursements.
The York-Antwerp Rules: The Principles and Practice of General Average Adjustment (Lloyd's Shipping Law Library)
by N. Geoffrey Hudson Michael HarveyWritten from the perspective of the Average Adjuster, and updated to include a detailed analysis of the new rules adopted in 2016, this book is an essential read for practitioners in maritime law and marine insurance. The book contains: historical references regarding the establishment of General Average from Roman Law onwards; details of the establishment of International rules to achieve uniformity in the adjustment of General Average and their development: the Glasgow Resolutions of 1860; the York rules of 1864; and the York-Antwerp Rules 1877, 1890, 1924, 1950, 1974, 1994, 2004 and 2016; a detailed analysis of the York-Antwerp Rules 2016; CMI Guidelines relating to General Average; general average security; general average absorption clauses; and new to this edition: insurance of average disbursements.
You: Thriving in the Second Half of Your Life
by Campbell Macpherson Jane MacphersonThose of us in midlife are facing a dilemma: We are going through a period of multiple life-altering changes all at the same time - at work, at home and within. More of us are being made redundant than ever before, just when we need it the least. More of us are becoming self-employed. More of us are experiencing losses of status and crises of self-confidence - and that was before COVID-19! Our relationships with our partners, our parents and our children are all entering new phases. Meanwhile, half of us are also going through the menopause. Yet we are healthier and more vibrant than previous generations - and we are living longer. Much longer. We are 50 years young, not 50 years old.But more importantly, we don't know where or who to turn to for help. If the thought of consulting a 'life coach' makes you twitch involuntarily, but you want more than impenetrable financial advice from an IFA - this book is for you. Award-winning author Campbell Macpherson and yoga therapist co-author Jane Macpherson will help you embrace these changes and come out on top. From dealing with seemingly ubiquitous ageism and starting your own business to building resilience, finding a financial adviser you can trust and learning from professional athletes who are forced to 'retire' in their early thirties, the Macphersons show that your 'Part Two' isn't about retirement or ageing; it's about change and how you turn it to your advantage. You: Part Two is the must-read guide to thriving in the second half of your life.
You: Protecting Your Personal Data and Privacy Online
by Stuart SumnerEverything we do online, and increasingly in the real world, is tracked, logged, analyzed, and often packaged and sold on to the highest bidder. Every time you visit a website, use a credit card, drive on the freeway, or go past a CCTV camera, you are logged and tracked. Every day billions of people choose to share their details on social media, which are then sold to advertisers. The Edward Snowden revelations that governments - including those of the US and UK – have been snooping on their citizens, have rocked the world. But nobody seems to realize that this has already been happening for years, with firms such as Google capturing everything you type into a browser and selling it to the highest bidder. Apps take information about where you go, and your contact book details, harvest them and sell them on – and people just click the EULA without caring. No one is revealing the dirty secret that is the tech firms harvesting customers’ personal data and selling it for vast profits – and people are totally unaware of the dangers. You: For Sale is for anyone who is concerned about what corporate and government invasion of privacy means now and down the road. The book sets the scene by spelling out exactly what most users of the Internet and smart phones are exposing themselves to via commonly used sites and apps such as facebook and Google, and then tells you what you can do to protect yourself. The book also covers legal and government issues as well as future trends. With interviews of leading security experts, black market data traders, law enforcement and privacy groups, You: For Sale will help you view your personal data in a new light, and understand both its value, and its danger.Provides a clear picture of how companies and governments harvest and use personal data every time someone logs onDescribes exactly what these firms do with the data once they have it – and what you can do to stop itLearn about the dangers of unwittingly releasing private data to tech firms, including interviews with top security experts, black market data traders, law enforcement and privacy groupsUnderstand the legal information and future trends that make this one of the most important issues today
You Already Know How To Be Great: A simple way to remove interference and unlock your potential - at work and at home
by Alan Fine Rebecca R. MerrillAccording to Alan Fine, every one of us has the capacity for greatness. So what is it that's stopping us from reaching our true potential? The answer: too much information.Most people who want to get better at hitting golf shots, negotiating with clients, delivering presentations, or any field of endeavour - seek out new information. They read a book, take a class, employ an expert tutor. But as Alan Fine has learned from many years of coaching athletes and businesspeople, this 'outside-in' approach often doesn't produce the results people want. More information becomes a distraction rather than a solution, and high performance remains elusive. Fortunately, there is a better way. Fine has developed and honed a unique 'inside-out' approach to performance improvement which is not about gaining new knowledge, but instead about using the knowledge you already have. Through a simple four-step process, Fine shows how to remove the obstacles that get in the way of applying your existing skills to unlock your natural potential. No matter who you are or what you do, this book will help you get better.
You and Your Lodger
by Rosy BorderThis book provides lodger agreement in a 'what you see is what you get' document format. It sets out the duties and responsibilities and embodies them in an agreement that is fair to both public and their lodger. It shows you the terms or 'buzzwords', that are important, and explains what they mean.
You and Your Lodger
by Rosy BorderThis book provides lodger agreement in a 'what you see is what you get' document format. It sets out the duties and responsibilities and embodies them in an agreement that is fair to both public and their lodger. It shows you the terms or 'buzzwords', that are important, and explains what they mean.
You Don't Know Me: The most original new thriller of the year
by Imran MahmoodAt the end of the day, only one question matters: did he do it?'A daring concept executed to perfection' LEE CHILD A young man stands accused of murder. The evidence is overwhelming.But at his trial, this man tells an extraordinary story.It is about the woman he loves, who got into terrible trouble. It's about how he risked everything to save her.He swears he's innocent. But in the end, all that matters is this: do you believe him?***See what bestselling authors and critics are already saying about You Don't Know Me, chosen for the Radio 2 Book Club and the Telegraph's Best Crime Novels of the Year***'Searing and heart-breaking, genre-bending . . . triumphantly reconfigures the traditional whodunnit into something remarkable' Ruth Ware'Bold and original . . . a thrilling new voice in crime fiction' Tim Weaver'A startlingly confident and deft debut' Tana French'A dazzling debut - authentic, funny, sad, sympathetic. I was utterly gripped' Gillian McAllister'Utterly compelling' Daily Mail'Superb character-driven fiction. Masterful' GuardianLonglisted for the CWA Gold DaggerLonglisted for the Theakstons Crime Novel of the Year
You Matter: The Human Solution
by Delia SmithWe know science is awesome, as are its achievements. Yet so far scientists have managed to sidestep the most awesome reality of all, the true nature of human life, the source of their own genius. How is it that in the overwhelming immensity of the cosmos, on microscopic earth, human beings exist? We have not yet looked reality in the face and perceived the nobility and grandeur of who we are, each of us having a responsibility in the universe and being part of a vast and continuing process, which can only emerge from the shadows and darkest corners of our thought when we step aside away from all the noise. 'You Matter' encourages people to think more deeply about the phenomenon of existence, what it means to be a unique human person, and how in unity with one another we can build a future in these uncertain times.
Young Children in the World and Their Rights: Thirty Years with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (International Perspectives on Early Childhood Education and Development #35)
by Adrijana Višnjić-Jevtić Alicja R. Sadownik Ingrid EngdahlThis book provides different perspectives on the concept of children’s rights, including policy, educational, and children’s perspectives. It examines how the crucial ideas of the Convention on the Rights of the Child are respected and implemented in 14 countries in five regions of the world. It looks at early childhood education, children’s participatory rights, and at how these rights are promoted and guaranteed in different countries. It explores the professional practice of education and its complexities, challenges and dilemmas, as well as the role of play, and of listening and participation. The book advocates children’s rights today, arguing for its vital importance, in the best interests of the children. In doing so, it furthers the understanding of children’s rights and spreads knowledge about the Convention, as a means of celebrating its 30th anniversary. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) comprises the potential to change the lives of children to the very best. It may exalt children from the position of marginalized citizens to the centre of policies all over the world. Even though the concept of children’s rights is omnipresent, the respect for children’s rights must be discussed. While the Convention brings the new perspective of children as citizens to the world, there are still challenges in its application. The book interrogates challenges in understanding and applying children rights and offers possible answers to these challenges. The ratification process itself, does not guarantee that children’s rights are respected. While all adults should take responsibility for implementing the UNCRC in everyday life, Early Childhood Education should give opportunities for children to learn and live their rights.
Young, Corker and Summers on Abuse of Process in Criminal Proceedings (Criminal Practice Series)
by David YoungSetting out the law relating to abuse of process in criminal law, it analyses the underlying issues and draws together the evolving case law on different aspects of abuse of process including delay, breach of promise, the destruction of evidence, non-disclosure, entrapment and extradition. In the last six years there has been a significant amount of new law relevant to the development of abuse of process in criminal proceedings under an evolving definition of abuse of process.- The new edition is fully updated throughout with new chapters and material on:- What is the current definition of an abuse of process? Reviews the evolution of the definition from the Beckford case, through the Maxwell and Warren decisions onto the Crawley and D v A authorities.- Lost Evidence Cases - evolving case law in relation to failures to follow reasonable lines of enquiry in the context of CPS and DPP guidance on investigations into communication evidence.- Non-Disclosure Abuse - probably the most common category of abuse which is argued. The media have recently reported on cases where there were significant disclosure failings by prosecutors leading to the termination of proceedings, but what are the factors judges should consider in deciding whether non-disclosure amounts to abuse of process? - Entrapment abuse - Abuse of process after conviction - is this possible? The authors argue that, given a key objective of the doctrine of abuse of process is to protect the integrity of the criminal justice system, the doctrine should also apply post-conviction. - Is abuse of process in historic sex abuse dead? - In PR v R [2019] EWCA Crim 1225, a Court led by Lord Justice Fulford (the new Vice-President of the CACD) declined to interfere with a trial judge's decision to allow a case of historic sex abuse to proceed, even though the time periods of delay were significant, and the loss of material substantial. - New section in the Procedure Chapter on the making of Abuse Applications in Regulatory Proceedings- Criminal Procedure Rules 2015- International abuse of process cases from the international courts
Young Criminal Lives: Life Courses and Life Chances from 1850 (Clarendon Studies in Criminology)
by Pamela Cox Heather Shore Barry Godfrey Zoe AlkerYoung Criminal Lives is the first cradle-to-grave study of the experiences of some of the thousands of delinquent, difficult and destitute children passing through the early English juvenile reformatory system. The book breaks new ground in crime research, speaking to pressing present-day concerns around child poverty and youth justice, and resonating with a powerful public fascination for family history. Using innovative digital methods to unlock the Victorian life course, the authors have reconstructed the lives, families and neighbourhoods of 500 children living within, or at the margins of, the early English juvenile reformatory system. Four hundred of them were sent to reformatory and industrial schools in the north west of England from courts around the UK over a fifty-year period from the 1860s onwards. Young Criminal Lives is based on one of the most comprehensive sets of official and personal data ever assembled for a historical study of this kind. For the first time, these children can be followed on their journey in and out of reform and then though their adulthood and old age. The book centres on institutions celebrated in this period for their pioneering new approaches to child welfare and others that were investigated for cruelty and scandal. Both were typical of the new kind of state-certified provision offered, from the 1850s on, to children who had committed criminal acts, or who were considered 'vulnerable' to predation, poverty and the 'inheritance' of criminal dispositions. The notion that interventions can and must be evaluated in order to determine 'what works' now dominates public policy. But how did Victorian and Edwardian policy-makers and practitioners deal with this question? By what criteria, and on the basis of what kinds of evidence, did they judge their own successes and failures? Young Criminal Lives ends with a critical review of the historical rise of evidence-based policy-making within criminal justice. It will appeal to scholars and students of crime and penal policy, criminologists, sociologists, and social policy researchers and practitioners in youth justice and child protection.