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Macdonald Polynomials: Commuting Family of q-Difference Operators and Their Joint Eigenfunctions (SpringerBriefs in Mathematical Physics #50)

This book is a volume of the Springer Briefs in Mathematical Physics and serves as an introductory textbook on the theory of Macdonald polynomials. It is based on a series of online lectures given by the author at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, in February and March 2021. Macdonald polynomials are a class of symmetric orthogonal polynomials in many variables. They include important classes of special functions such as Schur functions and Hall–Littlewood polynomials and play important roles in various fields of mathematics and mathematical physics. After an overview of Schur functions, the author introduces Macdonald polynomials (of type A, in the GLn version) as eigenfunctions of a q-difference operator, called the Macdonald–Ruijsenaars operator, in the ring of symmetric polynomials. Starting from this definition, various remarkable properties of Macdonald polynomials are explained, such as orthogonality, evaluation formulas, and self-duality, with emphasis on the roles of commuting q-difference operators. The author also explains how Macdonald polynomials are formulated in the framework of affine Hecke algebras and q-Dunkl operators.

Statistics and Data Analysis for Engineers and Scientists (Transactions on Computer Systems and Networks)

This textbook summarizes the different statistical, scientific, and financial data analysis methods for users ranging from a high school level to a professional level. It aims to combine the data analysis methods using three different programs—Microsoft Excel, SPSS, and MATLAB. The book combining the different data analysis tools is a unique approach. The book presents a variety of real-life problems in data analysis and machine learning, delivering the best solution. Analysis methods presented in this book include but are not limited to, performing various algebraic and trigonometric operations, regression modeling, and correlation, as well as plotting graphs and charts to represent the results. Fundamental concepts of applied statistics are also explained here, with illustrative examples. Thus, this book presents a pioneering solution to help a wide range of students, researchers, and professionals learn data processing, interpret different findings derived from the analyses, and apply them to their research or professional fields. The book also includes worked examples of practical problems. The primary focus behind designing these examples is understanding the concepts of data analysis and how it can solve problems. The chapters include practice exercises to assist users in enhancing their skills to execute statistical analysis calculations using software instead of relying on tables for probabilities and percentiles in the present world.

Rasch Meta-Metres of Growth for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests

This book adapts Rasch’s approach for quantifying growth on physiological variables, where growth decelerates, to intellectual variables. To apply this approach, it is necessary to construct measurements in a constant unit over the relevant range of the variable. With such measurements, the book illustrates the approach to quantifying growth on six intellectual variables - two intelligences tests and two each of tests of proficiencies in reading comprehension and mathematics. The book discusses how it is not immediately obvious that deceleration on a quantitative scale should also hold for the growth in intellectual variables. It goes on to show that this is indeed the case with all six tests analysed and considers some implications of this feature for understanding intellectual development, in particular the centrality of the growth trajectory set in early life.

Intelligent Systems and Sustainable Computing: Proceedings of ICISSC 2022 (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies #363)

This book is a collection of best selected research papers presented at Second International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Sustainable Computing (ICISSC 2022), held in School of Engineering, Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, India, during December 16–17, 2022. The book covers recent research in intelligent systems, intelligent business systems, soft computing, swarm intelligence, artificial intelligence and neural networks, data mining and data warehousing, cloud computing, distributed computing, big data analytics, Internet of things (IoT), machine learning, speech processing, sustainable high-performance systems, VLSI and embedded systems, image and video processing and signal processing and communication.

Digital Information Methods of Polarization, Mueller-Matrix and Fluorescent Microscopy: Differential Diagnosis of Aseptic and Septic Loosening of Artificial Hip Endoprosthesis Cups (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)

This book highlights the effectiveness of differential diagnosis in the degree of severity of joint pathology from a clinical, biophysical, and informational point of view. It includes the following information blocks: • Two-dimensional digital polarization microscopy of polycrystalline films of synovial fluid and determination of the coordinate distributions of the orientation and phase parameters of the microscopic image from a set of parameters of the Stokes vector. • Mueller-matrix mapping of polycrystalline films of synovial fluid and determination of a set of coordinate distributions (Mueller-matrix images (MMI)) of azimuthal-invariant elements that characterize manifestations of optical activity and linear birefringence. • Development of algorithms for polarization reproduction of distributions of linear and circular birefringence of polycrystalline films of synovial fluid. • Identification of digital statistical, correlation and wavelet criteria of polarization and Mueller-matrix differential diagnosis of the degree of severity of joint pathology. • Determination of maps of laser-induced fluorescence of synovial fluid polycrystalline films. • Identification of statistical and correlational criteria for fluorescent differential diagnosis of the degree of severity of joint pathology. • Operational characteristics of the power of the methods of azimuth-invariant polarization, Mueller-matrix and laser autofluorescence microscopy of polycrystalline films of synovial fluid.

Industry 4.0 Technologies: Volume 1—Theory, Challenges, and Opportunity (Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes)

This book brings forth the fundamental understanding of the role of Industry 4.0 technologies in sustainable manufacturing supply chain. Readers will get an overview of the challenges, opportunities, and requirements for the implementation of digital technologies and how they can support manufacturing supply chains to be sustainable. The book presents many applications of Industry 4.0 including integration of IoT, AI, Big Data, Blockchain, Procurement 4.0, Logistics 4.0, and Lean 4.0 in different contexts. The book therefore provides a platform for researchers, academicians, and professionals from diverse backgrounds to gain state-of-the-art knowledge for using Industry 4.0 in sustainable manufacturing supply chains. Readers will also be able to identify the practical significance and opportunities for future work directions.

Computational Methods for Deep Learning: Theory, Algorithms, and Implementations (Texts in Computer Science)

The first edition of this textbook was published in 2021. Over the past two years, we have invested in enhancing all aspects of deep learning methods to ensure the book is comprehensive and impeccable. Taking into account feedback from our readers and audience, the author has diligently updated this book. The second edition of this textbook presents control theory, transformer models, and graph neural networks (GNN) in deep learning. We have incorporated the latest algorithmic advances and large-scale deep learning models, such as GPTs, to align with the current research trends. Through the second edition, this book showcases how computational methods in deep learning serve as a dynamic driving force in this era of artificial intelligence (AI). This book is intended for research students, engineers, as well as computer scientists with interest in computational methods in deep learning. Furthermore, it is also well-suited for researchers exploring topics such as machine intelligence, robotic control, and related areas.

Predictive Analytics for Mechanical Engineering: A Beginners Guide (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)

This book focus on key component required for building predictive maintenance model. The current trend of Maintenance 4.0 leans towards the preventive mechanism enabled by predictive approach and condition-based smart maintenance. The intelligent decision support, earlier detection of spare part failure, fatigue detection is the main slices of intelligent and predictive maintenance system (PMS) leading towards Maintenance 4.0 This book presents prominent use cases of mechanical engineering using PMS along with the benefits. Basic understanding of data preparation is required for development of any AI application; in view of this, the types of the data and data preparation processes, and tools are also presented in this book.

Optimal Transport and Applications to Geometric Optics (SpringerBriefs on PDEs and Data Science)

This book concerns the theory of optimal transport (OT) and its applications to solving problems in geometric optics. It is a self-contained presentation including a detailed analysis of the Monge problem, the Monge-Kantorovich problem, the transshipment problem, and the network flow problem. A chapter on Monge-Ampère measures is included containing also exercises. A detailed analysis of the Wasserstein metric is also carried out. For the applications to optics, the book describes the necessary background concerning light refraction, solving both far-field and near-field refraction problems, and indicates lines of current research in this area. Researchers in the fields of mathematical analysis, optimal transport, partial differential equations (PDEs), optimization, and optics will find this book valuable. It is also suitable for graduate students studying mathematics, physics, and engineering. The prerequisites for this book include a solid understanding of measure theory and integration, as well as basic knowledge of functional analysis.

Industry 4.0 Technologies: Volume II - Methods for transition and trends (Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes)

This book covers topics related to implementation of advanced technologies, such as AI, big data, procurement 4.0, Logistics 4.0 and Lean 4.0, in Industry 4.0 for the manufacturing supply chain. Many applications of Industry 4.0 in the manufacturing supply chain have been presented. The content of this book is useful for students, researchers and professionals in order to implement Industry 4.0 in manufacturing supply chain.

Applied Econometric Analysis Using Cross Section and Panel Data (Contributions to Economics)

This book is a collection of 20 chapters on chosen topics from cross-section and panel data econometrics. It explores both theoretical and practical aspects of selected cutting-edge techniques which are gaining popularity among applied econometricians, while following the motto of “keeping things simple”. Each chapter gives a basic introduction to one such method, directs readers to supplementary references, and shows an application. The book takes into account that—A: The field of econometrics is evolving very fast and leading textbooks are trying to cover some of the recent developments in revised editions. This book offers basic introduction to state-of-the-art techniques and recent advances in econometric models with detailed applications from various developing and developed countries. B: An applied researcher or practitioner may prefer reference books with a simple introduction to an advanced econometric method or model with no theorems but with a longer discussion on empirical application. Thus, an applied econometrics textbook covering these cutting-edge methods is highly warranted; a void this book attempts to fills.The book does not aim at providing a comprehensive coverage of econometric methods. The 20 chapters in this book represent only a sample of the important topics in modern econometrics, with special focus on econometrics of cross-section and panel data, while also recognizing that it is not possible to accommodate all types of models and methods even in these two categories. The book is unique as authors have also provided the theoretical background (if any) and brief literature review behind the empirical applications. It is a must-have resource for students and practitioners of modern econometrics.

Computational Methods for Biological Models (Studies in Computational Intelligence #1109)

This book discusses computational methods related to biological models using mathematical tools and techniques. The book chapters concentrate on numerical and analytical techniques that provide a global solution for biological models while keeping long-term benefits in mind. The solutions are useful in closely understanding biological models, and the results will be very useful for mathematicians, engineers, doctors, scientists and researchers working on real-life biological models. This book provides significant and current knowledge of biological models related to real-life applications. The book covers both methods and applications.

Advances in Reliability and Safety Assessment for Critical Systems: Proceedings of the 5th National Conference on Reliability and Safety (NCRS 2022) (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)

This book comprises select proceedings of the 5th National Conference on Reliability and Safety (NCRS 2022). It provides comprehensive state-of-the-art research and development in diverse areas like reliability prediction, precursor event analysis, fuzzy reliability, structural reliability, passive system reliability, digital system reliability, risk informed approach to decision making, dynamic PSA, uncertainty and sensitivity modeling, among others. The book is a valuable resource for researchers and professionals working in both academia and industry in the areas of complex systems, safety critical systems and risk-based engineering.

Drone Data Analytics in Aerial Computing (Transactions on Computer Systems and Networks)

This book discusses the latest research, theoretical, and experimental research innovations in drone data analytics in aerial computing. Drone data analytics guarantees that the right people have the correct data at their fingertips whenever they need it. The contents also discuss the challenges faced with drone data analytics, such as due to the high mobility of drones, aerial computing is significantly different from terrestrial computing. It also includes case studies from leading drone vendors. The book also focuses on the comparison of data management and security mechanisms in drone data analytics. This book is useful to those working in agriculture, mining, waste management, and defenses department.

Photonic Neural Networks with Spatiotemporal Dynamics: Paradigms of Computing and Implementation

This open access book presents an overview of recent advances in photonic neural networks with spatiotemporal dynamics. The computing and implementation paradigms presented in this book are outcomes of interdisciplinary studies by collaborative researchers from the three fields of nonlinear mathematical science, information photonics, and integrated systems engineering. This book offers novel multidisciplinary viewpoints on photonic neural networks, illustrating recent advances in three types of computing methodologies: fluorescence energy transfer computing, spatial-photonic spin system, and photonic reservoir computing. The book consists of four parts: Part I introduces the backgrounds of optical computing and neural network dynamics; Part II presents fluorescence energy transfer computing, a novel computing technology based on nanoscale networks of fluorescent particles; Parts III and IV review the models and implementation of spatial-photonic spin systems and photonic reservoir computing, respectively. These contents are beneficial to researchers in a broad range of fields, including information science, mathematical science, applied physics, and engineering, to better understand the novel computing concepts of photonic neural networks with spatiotemporal dynamics.

Household Registration System Reform in China's Megacities

This book examines the impact of population growth and urbanization on the household registration system in China. Drawing on experiences from other countries in population management, it proposes a general framework for reforming the household registration system in China. This framework is based on the principle of "equity of rights and obligations" and includes a points system to guide implementation. The book also analyzes the economic implications of optimizing restrictions on urban household registration and the fiscal reforms associated with the reform. The practicality of the points system program is further verified.

Topological Phases in Condensed Matter Physics

The book is mainly designed for post-graduate students to learn modern-day condensed matter physics. While emphasizing an experiment called the ‘Quantum Hall effect’, it introduces the subject of 'Topology' and how the topological invariants are related to the quantization of the Hall plateaus. Thus, the content tries to deliver an account of the topological aspects of materials that have shaped the study of condensed matter physics in recent times. The subject is often quite involved for a student to grasp the fundamentals and relate them to physical phenomena. Further, these topics are mostly left out of the undergraduate curriculum, although they often require a simplistic view of the concepts involved to be presented pedagogically. The book contains examples, worked-out concepts, important derivations, diagrams for illustration, etc. to aid the understanding of the students. The book also emphasizes the experimental discoveries that put the subject in its perspective and elaborate on the applications which are likely to be of interest to scientists and engineers.

Analysis of Categorical Data from Historical Perspectives: Essays in Honour of Shizuhiko Nishisato (Behaviormetrics: Quantitative Approaches to Human Behavior #17)

This collection of essays is in honor of Shizuhiko Nishisato on his 88th birthday and consists of invited contributions only. The book contains essays on the analysis of categorical data, which includes quantification theory, cluster analysis, and other areas of multidimensional data analysis, covering more than half a century of research by the 41 interdisciplinary and international researchers who are contributors. Thus, it offers the wisdom and experience of work past and present and attracts a new generation of researchers to this field. Central to this wisdom and experience is that of Prof. Nishisato, who has spent much of the past 60 years mentoring and providing leadership in the research of quantification theory, especially that of “dual scaling”. The book includes contributions by leading researchers who have worked alongside Prof. Nishisato, published with him, been mentored by him, or whose work has been influenced by the research he has undertaken over his illustrious career. This book inspires researchers young and old as it highlights the significant contributions, past and present, that Prof. Nishisato has made in his field.

Some Musings on Theta, Eta, and Zeta: From E8 to Cold Plasma to an lnhomogeneous Universe (Mathematical Physics Studies)

This book continues the applications of mathematics, more specifically of theta, eta, and zeta functions, and modular forms, to various areas of theoretical physics. It is a follow-up and extension in some sense of the author’s earlier book entitled A window into zeta and modular physics. Some of the main topics are1. A new approach to logarithmic corrections to black hole entropy2. My recent work that provides for an explicit cold plasma-black hole connection3. Generalization of work of physicists on certain asymptotic problems relating to string theory, for example, by way of the general theory of modular forms of non-positive weight4. A construction of the E8 root lattice, its theta function, and its relevance for heterotic string theory5. Applications of elliptic functions to KdV, nonlinear Schrödinger, and Duffing equations, for example, including a discussion of Lax pairs and the Miura transformation6. Finite temperature zeta functions and partition functions for quantum fields in thermal equilibrium on various curved background spacetimes7. Exact solutions of the Einstein gravitational field equations for Lemaitre and inhomogeneous cosmological models, with a special focus on the Szekeres–Szafron exact solutions by way of the Weierstrass elliptic function8. Elementary particles and my zeta function formula for higher spin fermionic particles; this covers, in particular, the gravitino particle (of spin 3/2) and bosons with integral spin s = 2, 3, 4, 5.These are some sample topics. Others include the continuous Heisenberg model, reaction diffusion systems, Dirichlet and Hecke L-functions, the modular j-invariant, the computation of the one-loop effective potential for non-compact symmetric spaces, the BTZ black hole, Jacobi inversion formulas, etc.Thus, there is a very large range of material with the first 9 chapters of preliminary, expositional background for mathematicians and physicists.

Long-Term Health State Estimation of Energy Storage Lithium-Ion Battery Packs

This book investigates in detail long-term health state estimation technology of energy storage systems, assessing its potential use to replace common filtering methods that constructs by equivalent circuit model with a data-driven method combined with electrochemical modeling, which can reflect the battery internal characteristics, the battery degradation modes, and the battery pack health state. Studies on long-term health state estimation have attracted engineers and scientists from various disciplines, such as electrical engineering, materials, automation, energy, and chemical engineering. Pursuing a holistic approach, the book establishes a fundamental framework for this topic, while emphasizing the importance of extraction for health indicators and the significant influence of electrochemical modeling and data-driven issues in the design and optimization of health state estimation in energy storage systems. The book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in new energy measurement and control technology, researchers investigating energy storage systems, and structure/circuit design engineers working on energy storage cell and pack.

Intelligent Data Analytics in Business: Select Proceedings of ICDABM 2022 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #1068)

This book includes peer-reviewed contributions presented at the International Conference on Data Analytics in Business and Marketing, ICDABM 2022. The book covers topics in data analytics, intelligent data, data management in business and marketing, big data, computational intelligence, and communication networks. The book presents innovative work by leading academics, researchers, and experts from the industry, which is helpful for young researchers and students.

Housing and Ageing Policies in Chinese and Global Contexts: Trends, Development, and Policy Issues (Quality of Life in Asia #15)

Motivated by the rapid increase in housing demand and the population of older adults worldwide, this book provides an interdisciplinary and multi-level approach for studying housing and ageing issues and relevant policy analysis in China, and beyond. Specifically, it highlights how the changing social, economic, and political factors at both local and global levels affect the housing or ageing experiences of people. Drawing on findings and theoretical discussions in economics, history, psychology, sociology, social policy, and urban studies, the authors offer interdisciplinary perspectives on a highly topical debate, asking what progress is being made on the formulation and implementation of housing and ageing policies in different societies. The book brings together original qualitative and quantitative research works in European, Asia-Pacific and Chinese contexts. Readers will benefit from the results of a rigorous analysis of data and case studies that reveal factors affecting housing or ageing experiences of people in these regions. The interdisciplinary research also provides valuable insights on further policy analyses and formulation in both local and global contexts. It is of interest to scholars, policy makers and university students in the fields of housing, ageing, and social and public policy.

Quantum Field Theory: An Introduction (Graduate Texts in Physics)

This book is a pedagogical introduction to quantum field theory, suitable for a students’ first exposure to the subject. It assumes a minimal amount of technical background and it is intended to be accessible to a wide audience including students of theoretical and experimental high energy physics, condensed matter, optical, atomic, nuclear and gravitational physics and astrophysics. It includes a thorough development of second quantization and the field theoretic approach to nonrelativistic many-body physics as a step in developing a broad-based working knowledge of the basic aspects of quantum field theory. It presents a logical and systematic first principles development of relativistic field theory and of functional techniques and perturbation theory with Feynman diagrams, renormalization, and basic computations in quantum electrodynamics.

Higher Mathematics for Science and Engineering

Contract Theory: Discrete- and Continuous-Time Models

This book provides a self-contained introduction to discrete-time and continuous-time models in contracting theory to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in economics and finance and researchers focusing on closed-form solutions and their economic implications. Discrete-time models are introduced to highlight important elements in both economics and mathematics of contracting problems and to serve as a bridge for continuous-time models and their applications. The book serves as a bridge between the currently two almost separate strands of textbooks on discrete- and continuous-time contracting models This book is written in a manner that makes complex mathematical concepts more accessible to economists. However, it would also be an invaluable tool for applied mathematicians who are looking to learn about possible economic applications of various control methods.