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Ad Infinitum: a Biography of Latin and the World it Created (PDF)
by Nicholas OstlerAn in-depth biography of the Latin language from its very beginnings to the present day from the widely acclaimed author of 'Empires of the Word'. In 'Ad Infinitum', Nicholas Ostler examines the reasons why Latin made such a long-lasting impact on language, and how it managed to stay alive for two millennia despite the cultural superiority of Greek. He will look at how Latin's sturdy roots remained untouched while empires rose and fell, the influence of religion, war and the ways it has progressed through medieval times right up until the present day.
Activities Manual to accompany Troika: A Communicative Approach to Russian Language, Life, and Culture, 2e
by Marita NummikoskiA practical, activities-based approach to learning how to communicate in Russian right away This activities manual features a natural approach to building and reinforcing basic Russian language skills. It was written by the Director of Undergraduate Language Programs at the University of Texas who has had decades of experience teaching Russian to Americans, Reading, writing, speaking, and listening activities centered on everyday topics help readers to quickly develop their Russian language skills and to begin communicating in Russian immediately. Grammar is presented as a necessary tool for communication, and throughout the author compares and contrasts American and Russian cultures, rather than focusing solely on Russian culture.
Action Research in STEM and English Language Learning: An Integrated Approach for Developing Teacher Researchers
by Aria Razfar Beverly TroianoResponding to the linguistic and cultural diversity of the U.S. K–12 student population and an increasing emphasis on STEM, this book offers a model for professional development that engages teachers in transformative action research projects and explicitly links literacy to mathematics and science curriculum through sociocultural principles. Providing detailed and meaningful demonstrations of participatory action research in the classroom, Razfar and Troiano present an effective, systemic approach that helps preservice teachers support students’ funds of knowledge. By featuring teacher and researcher narratives, this book centers teacher expertise and offers a more holistic and humanistic understanding of authentic and empathetic teaching. Focusing on integrating instructional knowledge from ESL, bilingual, and STEM education, the range of cases and examples will allow readers to implement action research projects in their own classrooms. Chapters include discussion questions and additional resources for students, researchers, and educators.
Action Research in STEM and English Language Learning: An Integrated Approach for Developing Teacher Researchers
by Aria Razfar Beverly TroianoResponding to the linguistic and cultural diversity of the U.S. K–12 student population and an increasing emphasis on STEM, this book offers a model for professional development that engages teachers in transformative action research projects and explicitly links literacy to mathematics and science curriculum through sociocultural principles. Providing detailed and meaningful demonstrations of participatory action research in the classroom, Razfar and Troiano present an effective, systemic approach that helps preservice teachers support students’ funds of knowledge. By featuring teacher and researcher narratives, this book centers teacher expertise and offers a more holistic and humanistic understanding of authentic and empathetic teaching. Focusing on integrating instructional knowledge from ESL, bilingual, and STEM education, the range of cases and examples will allow readers to implement action research projects in their own classrooms. Chapters include discussion questions and additional resources for students, researchers, and educators.
Action! Japan: A Field Guide to Using Japanese in the Community
by Mari Noda Yui Iimori Ramdeen Stephen D. Luft Thomas Mason, Jr.Action! Japan is a practical guide for intermediate to advanced students of Japanese wanting to maximize their study abroad experience and enhance their language skills. This handy guide contains over 100 Field Performance tasks which prompt real-life interactions with native speakers. By carrying out these real-life tasks students refine and solidify existing communication skills and gain a fuller understanding of and participation in Japanese culture. The guide also provides over 60 Performance Watch tasks which help students understand how native speakers accomplish communicative goals through guided observation and analysis of naturally occurring interactions. Action! Japan helps students understand and participate socially in Japanese, guiding them through skill-getting and skill-using processes and enabling them to form meaningful connections with Japanese people in the community.
Action! Japan: A Field Guide to Using Japanese in the Community
by Mari Noda Yui Iimori Ramdeen Stephen D. Luft Thomas Mason, Jr.Action! Japan is a practical guide for intermediate to advanced students of Japanese wanting to maximize their study abroad experience and enhance their language skills. This handy guide contains over 100 Field Performance tasks which prompt real-life interactions with native speakers. By carrying out these real-life tasks students refine and solidify existing communication skills and gain a fuller understanding of and participation in Japanese culture. The guide also provides over 60 Performance Watch tasks which help students understand how native speakers accomplish communicative goals through guided observation and analysis of naturally occurring interactions. Action! Japan helps students understand and participate socially in Japanese, guiding them through skill-getting and skill-using processes and enabling them to form meaningful connections with Japanese people in the community.
Action Grammaire! Fourth Edition Ebook French Grammar For A Level (PDF)
by Phil Turk Geneviève García Vandaele Paul ShannonMake French grammar second nature with this trusted reference book containing over 300 activities - now completely revised in line with the new A-level specifications. Supplement key resources in class or encourage independent practice at home, with clear explanations of the grammar points needed at A-level and knowledge-check exercises throughout. Prepare for assessment with longer application activities focused on developing writing skills such as translation and summary. Build confidence as exercises get increasingly more challenging to mirror students' advancement throughout the course. Check students' progress with regular grammar tests and all answers supplied online.
Action Grammaire! Fourth Edition: French Grammar for A Level
by Phil Turk Geneviève García Vandaele Paul ShannonExam board: AQA, Edexcel, OCR, WJEC/EduqasLevel: A-levelSubject: FrenchFirst teaching: September 2016First exams: Summer 2017 (AS) Summer 2018 (A-level)Make French grammar second nature with this trusted reference book containing over 300 activities - now completely revised in line with the new A-level specifications. - Supplement key resources in class or encourage independent practice at home, with clear explanations of the grammar points needed at A-level and knowledge-check exercises throughout - Prepare for assessment with longer application activities focused on developing writing skills such as translation and summary - Build confidence as exercises get increasingly more challenging to mirror students' advancement throughout the course - Check students' progress with regular grammar tests and all answers supplied online
Action Grammaire!: New Advanced French Grammar (PDF)
by Phil Turk Genevieve Garcia VandaleGive students practical ways to improve their grammar with this succinct reference book is full of brand new exercises using contemporary language. This highly successful grammar reference for Advanced level French students provides clear explanations of each grammar feature in English with examples in French. The explanations and examples then increase in difficulty throughout each chapter to ensure comprehension and progression. - Puts topics into context with at-a-glance openers for each chapter- Develops your students' creative use of language with a range of open-ended communicative activities- Provides practice with graded reinforcement exercises and a self-check answer key- The popular choice for advanced level students with summary and revision points, ideal to use before the exam Also available Dynamic Learning eTextbook: The zoomable, flickable searchable pages of the textbook are perfect for whole class-class teaching, while 24/7 online access gives students the freedom to study anytime, anywhere. To sign up for a free 60 day trial visitwww. dynamic-learning. co. uk
Action! China: A Field Guide to Using Chinese in the Community
by Donglin Chai Crista Cornelius Bing MuWinner of the Chinese Language Teachers Association’s 2014 Cengage Learning Excellence and Innovation in Teaching Chinese Award. Action! China is a practical guide for intermediate to advanced students of Chinese wanting to maximize their study abroad experience and enhance their language skills. This handy guide contains over 90 Field Performance tasks which prompt real-life interactions with native speakers. By carrying out these real-life tasks students refine and solidify existing communication skills and gain a fuller understanding of and participation in the target culture. The guide also provides over 60 Performance Watch tasks which help students understand how native speakers accomplish communicative goals through guided observation and analysis of naturally occurring interactions. Action! China helps students understand and participate socially in Chinese, guiding them through skill-getting and skill-using processes and enabling them to form meaningful connections with Chinese people in the community.
Acting Chinese: An Intermediate-Advanced Course in Discourse and Behavioral Culture 行为汉语
by Jin Zhang Li Xu Peng Yu Yanfang Tang Kunshan Carolyn LeeActing Chinese is a year-long course that, together with the companion website, integrates language learning with the acquisition of cultural knowledge, and treats culture as an integral part of human behavior and communication. Using modern day examples of Chinese discourse and behavioral culture, it trains students to perform in culturally appropriate fashion, whilst developing a systematic awareness and knowledge about Chinese philosophy, values and belief systems that will prepare them for further advanced study of Chinese language and culture. Each lesson contains simulated real-life communication scenarios that aim to provide a concrete opportunity to see how native speakers generally communicate or behave in social situations. An essential guide for intermediate to advanced level second language learners, Acting Chinese provides a unique and modern approach to the acquisition of both cultural knowledge and language proficiency.
Acting Chinese: An Intermediate-Advanced Course in Discourse and Behavioral Culture 行为汉语
by Jin Zhang Li Xu Peng Yu Yanfang Tang Kunshan Carolyn LeeActing Chinese is a year-long course that, together with the companion website, integrates language learning with the acquisition of cultural knowledge, and treats culture as an integral part of human behavior and communication. Using modern day examples of Chinese discourse and behavioral culture, it trains students to perform in culturally appropriate fashion, whilst developing a systematic awareness and knowledge about Chinese philosophy, values and belief systems that will prepare them for further advanced study of Chinese language and culture. Each lesson contains simulated real-life communication scenarios that aim to provide a concrete opportunity to see how native speakers generally communicate or behave in social situations. An essential guide for intermediate to advanced level second language learners, Acting Chinese provides a unique and modern approach to the acquisition of both cultural knowledge and language proficiency.
The Acquisition of Spanish Morphosyntax: The L1/L2 Connection (Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics #31)
by Juana MuñozLiceras Ana TeresaPérez-LerouxRecent developments in linguistic theory, as well as the growing body of evidence from languages other than English, provide new opportunities for deeper explorations into how language is represented in the mind of learners. This collection of new empirical studies on the acquisition of Spanish morphosyntax by leading researchers in the field of language acquisition, specifically contributes to the characterization of the L1 / L2 connection in acquisition. Using L1 and L2 Spanish data from children and adults, the authors seek to address the central questions that have occupied developmental psycholinguists in the final decades of the previous century and that will no doubt continue engaging them into the present one.
Acquisition of Second Language Syntax
by Susan BraidiThis book deals with the questions asked about the L2 acquisition process within different research paradigms, examines the results found in each approach, and evaluates the contributions of each to our understanding of L2 acquisition of syntax and to possible implications for L2 instruction.
Acquisition of Second Language Syntax
by Susan BraidiThis book deals with the questions asked about the L2 acquisition process within different research paradigms, examines the results found in each approach, and evaluates the contributions of each to our understanding of L2 acquisition of syntax and to possible implications for L2 instruction.
The Acquisition of English Grammar and Phonology by Cantonese ESL Learners: Challenges, Causes and Pedagogical Insights (Routledge Research in Language Education)
by Alice Yin ChanChan’s exploration of the acquisition of English grammar and phonology by Cantonese learners of English as a Second Language (ESL) offers insights into the specific challenges that learners often encounter and posits ways to help them overcome those challenges. Possible sources of the challenges are also examined. The book covers the basic differences between English and Cantonese grammar as well as those between English and Cantonese phonology. Chan discusses the kinds of grammatical and phonological problems that Cantonese ESL learners often have in their acquisition of English. In terms of grammar, various structures are reviewed, including errors which are clearly due to L1 interference and also those which may not be directly L1-related. Learners’ common misconceptions about relevant concepts are also revealed. In terms of phonology, both speech perception and speech production problems at the segmental and suprasegmental levels are examined. For learner problems which may be the result of L1 interference, a contrastive approach is adopted in analysing the cause and nature of the errors. Chan also offers readers pedagogical insights to target common grammatical problems, including the use of an algorithmic approach, the use of a discovery-based consciousness-raising approach and the use of metalinguistic explanations. As far as the learning of English phonology is concerned, she argues that the training of speech production should go hand-in-hand with that of speech perception. Future research can experiment with the proposed teaching ideas with Cantonese ESL learners and learners of other native languages. Researchers and ESL teaching professionals will find the insights and research contained within this volume invaluable when encountering or researching Chinese ESL learners.
The Acquisition of English Grammar and Phonology by Cantonese ESL Learners: Challenges, Causes and Pedagogical Insights (Routledge Research in Language Education)
by Alice Yin ChanChan’s exploration of the acquisition of English grammar and phonology by Cantonese learners of English as a Second Language (ESL) offers insights into the specific challenges that learners often encounter and posits ways to help them overcome those challenges. Possible sources of the challenges are also examined. The book covers the basic differences between English and Cantonese grammar as well as those between English and Cantonese phonology. Chan discusses the kinds of grammatical and phonological problems that Cantonese ESL learners often have in their acquisition of English. In terms of grammar, various structures are reviewed, including errors which are clearly due to L1 interference and also those which may not be directly L1-related. Learners’ common misconceptions about relevant concepts are also revealed. In terms of phonology, both speech perception and speech production problems at the segmental and suprasegmental levels are examined. For learner problems which may be the result of L1 interference, a contrastive approach is adopted in analysing the cause and nature of the errors. Chan also offers readers pedagogical insights to target common grammatical problems, including the use of an algorithmic approach, the use of a discovery-based consciousness-raising approach and the use of metalinguistic explanations. As far as the learning of English phonology is concerned, she argues that the training of speech production should go hand-in-hand with that of speech perception. Future research can experiment with the proposed teaching ideas with Cantonese ESL learners and learners of other native languages. Researchers and ESL teaching professionals will find the insights and research contained within this volume invaluable when encountering or researching Chinese ESL learners.
The Acquisition of Chinese as a Second Language Pronunciation: Segments and Prosody (Prosody, Phonology and Phonetics)
by Chunsheng YangThis book is the first edited book to cover a wide range of issues related to Chinese as a second language (CSL) speech, including tone and segment acquisition and processing, categorical perception of tones, CSL fluency, CSL intelligibility/comprehensibility and accentedness, and pronunciation pedagogy. Moreover, the book addresses both theoretical and pedagogical issues. It offers an essential go-to book for anyone who is interested in CSL speech, e.g. CSL speech researchers, Chinese instructors, CSL learners, and anyone interested in second language speech.
The Acquisition of Anaphora in Child Mandarin: Reflexive Binding and Argument Dropping (Routledge Studies in Chinese Linguistics)
by Ruya LiThe Acquisition of Anaphora in Child Mandarin explores how Mandarin-speaking children’s interpretation of the reflexive ziji and their use of null arguments can be understood under the notions of locality and prominence.This book investigates the interpretation of ziji and the use of null subjects and null objects by experimenting on Mandarin-speaking children and adults using a range of experimental techniques such as the truth value judgment task, the picture identification task, and the story-telling task.The book provides evidence to show that reflexive binding and argument dropping are determined by the interplay between universal principles and language-specific properties. It shows that children at the age of 4 make an adult-like distinction between the anaphoric and logophoric interpretations of ziji. The former is subject to the locality condition manifested by the blocking effect on the long-distance binding of ziji, whereas the latter is free from the locality condition and closely related to the understanding of the false beliefs of others.This book is an important contribution to language acquisition research and can serve as a valuable reference for graduate students and researchers in the field of language acquisition, Chinese linguistics, psycholinguistics, and cognitive science.
The Acquisition of Anaphora in Child Mandarin: Reflexive Binding and Argument Dropping (Routledge Studies in Chinese Linguistics)
by Ruya LiThe Acquisition of Anaphora in Child Mandarin explores how Mandarin-speaking children’s interpretation of the reflexive ziji and their use of null arguments can be understood under the notions of locality and prominence.This book investigates the interpretation of ziji and the use of null subjects and null objects by experimenting on Mandarin-speaking children and adults using a range of experimental techniques such as the truth value judgment task, the picture identification task, and the story-telling task.The book provides evidence to show that reflexive binding and argument dropping are determined by the interplay between universal principles and language-specific properties. It shows that children at the age of 4 make an adult-like distinction between the anaphoric and logophoric interpretations of ziji. The former is subject to the locality condition manifested by the blocking effect on the long-distance binding of ziji, whereas the latter is free from the locality condition and closely related to the understanding of the false beliefs of others.This book is an important contribution to language acquisition research and can serve as a valuable reference for graduate students and researchers in the field of language acquisition, Chinese linguistics, psycholinguistics, and cognitive science.
Acquiring Metaphorical Expressions in a Second Language: Performance by Chinese Learners of English
by Chris Mengying XiaConventional metaphorical expressions are widely used by native speakers in everyday language and have received extensive attention in theoretical semantics and cognitive linguistics. However, how a second language learner can acquire those expressions is left largely unknown. Researchers and language learners face the question: if one has acquired the literal meaning of a word, can they automatically derive the metaphorical meaning? This book provides the answer by placing the question of acquisition of metaphorical expressions in the framework of bilingual lexicon. Assessing whether metaphorical expressions are taken for granted by second language learners, it explores how the metaphorical meaning(s) of a word should be connected in a learner's mental lexicon, and how the cross-linguistic availability of a metaphorical expression could affect the outcome of acquisition of that expression. The book also provides a detailed comparison between metaphorical expressions and other figurative language from both the theoretical and experimental perspectives.
Acquiring Metaphorical Expressions in a Second Language: Performance by Chinese Learners of English
by Chris Mengying XiaConventional metaphorical expressions are widely used by native speakers in everyday language and have received extensive attention in theoretical semantics and cognitive linguistics. However, how a second language learner can acquire those expressions is left largely unknown. Researchers and language learners face the question: if one has acquired the literal meaning of a word, can they automatically derive the metaphorical meaning? This book provides the answer by placing the question of acquisition of metaphorical expressions in the framework of bilingual lexicon. Assessing whether metaphorical expressions are taken for granted by second language learners, it explores how the metaphorical meaning(s) of a word should be connected in a learner's mental lexicon, and how the cross-linguistic availability of a metaphorical expression could affect the outcome of acquisition of that expression. The book also provides a detailed comparison between metaphorical expressions and other figurative language from both the theoretical and experimental perspectives.
Ãclaro!. Volume 1
by Tony Weston José Antonio García Sánchez¡Claro! is the only Key Stage 3 Spanish course written specifically to prepare students for the rigours of the new GCSE specifications. Its accessible to all abilities, packed with fresh, lively content and written by a dynamic team of authors who believe in immersing students in Spanish-speaking cultures.
Achieve! A complete English course for CSEC English A examinations: 2nd Edition
by Paulette FerariaEnsure complete coverage of the new CSEC English syllabus with focused exam-practice and SBA guidance.- Test understanding with Paper 2 practice focusing on summary writing skills, expository writing, narrative discourse and persuasive discourse, plus practice Paper 1 items throughout.- Help students prepare for SBA with annotated examples and rubrics.- Develop comprehension skills with a genre-based approach.- Support students of all abilities with an in incremental approach that builds writing skills through practice exercises.
The Accurate Use of Chinese: Practical Sentence Structures and Word Usage for English Speakers
by Wen-Hua TengThe Accurate Use of Chinese: Practical Sentence Structures and Word Usage for English Speakers is a unique learning resource for learners of Chinese who are English speakers. The primary goal is two-fold: to help these learners leverage their existent knowledge in English and navigate the Chinese system with fewer obstacles; and also to help them prevent errors of which the underlying cause may be English. This is done through comparisons of selected grammar topics, language rules and word usages between the two languages. Grammar topics in English serve as the comparison points from which learners can gain a deeper understanding of the comparable, but differing structures in Chinese. The book's comparative approach is unique and innovative, designed to build a more nuanced and instinctive approach to grammar. A valuable resource for beginners to advanced learners and instructors of Chinese, the book contextualizes grammar structures and provides in-depth information not covered in Chinese language textbooks.