Browse Results

Select your format based upon: 1) how you want to read your book, and 2) compatibility with your reading tool. To learn more about using Bookshare with your device, visit the Help Center.

Here is an overview of the specialized formats that Bookshare offers its members with links that go to the Help Center for more information.

• Bookshare Web Reader - A customized reading tool for Bookshare members offering all the features of DAISY with a single click of the "Read Now" link.
• DAISY (Digital Accessible Information System) - A digital book file format. DAISY books from Bookshare are DAISY 3.0 text files that work with just about every type of access technology that reads text. Books that contain images will have the download option of ‘DAISY Text with Images’.
• BRF (Braille Refreshable Format) - Digital Braille for use with refreshable Braille devices and Braille embossers.
• MP3 (MPEG audio layer 3) - Provides audio only with no text. These books are created with a text-to-speech engine and spoken by Kendra, a high quality synthetic voice from Ivona. Any device that supports MP3 playback is compatible.
• DAISY Audio - Similar to the DAISY option above; however, this option uses MP3 files created with our text-to-speech engine that utilizes Ivonas Kendra voice. This format will work with Daisy Audio compatible players such as Victor Reader Stream and Read2Go.
• EPUB - A standard e-book format that can be read on many tools, such as iBooks, Readium or others.
• Word - Accessible Word output, which can be unzipped and opened in any tool that allows .docx files

AIChE Equipment Testing Procedure - Trayed and Packed Columns: A Guide to Performance Evaluation

AIChE manual updates and consolidates procedures for testing performance of distillation columns From classic distillation operations to air stripping to other separations processes, selecting the correct column for appropriate efficient, safe, and environmentally-sound operations can be an important step. The newest updated volume in AIChE’s long-running Equipment Testing Procedures series, Trayed and Packed Columns: A Guide to Performance Evaluation, Third Edition provides chemical engineers, plant managers, and other professionals with helpful advice to assess and measure performance of a variety of distillation columns, including those that utilize bubble cap, sieve, valve trays, or packing material. The new book combines and updates into one user-friendly volume the best available field knowledge from previous publications on both types of distillation columns. Designed not as a single set of compulsory steps, but as a compilation of techniques, it will allow the user to select the procedure that best applies to its operating parameters. The testing steps presented can be used to assess reliable performance data on mass transfer efficiency, capacity, energy consumption, and pressure drop—information essential to effective troubleshooting of performance problems, identifying capacity bottlenecks, determining operating ranges, and a number of other routine maintenance and optimization processes. Opening with an extensive definition section, organized by topical area, the book then goes on to address: Selection of instrumentation and identification of elements to be measured Pre-test planning procedures Strategies for data collection and evaluation, including sampling procedures Pre-test, in-test, and post-test considerations (equipment, safety, process, environmental) Computation and interpretation of results, including individual breakdowns for trayed and packed columns in terms of hydraulic and efficiency performance Test troubleshooting analysis in twelve key areas The book concludes with appendices for relevant symbols and nomenclature, plus sample caculations generated from performance tests. With its engineer-tested procedures and thorough explanations, Trayed and Packed Columns: A Guide to Performance Evaluation, Third Edition is an essential text for anyone engaged in implementing new technology in equipment design, identifying process problems, and optimizing equipment performance.

Aid Effectiveness for Environmental Sustainability

This collection examines the role that foreign aid can play in dealing with the severe global challenge of climate change, one of the most pressing international development issues of the 21st century. Addressing the key threats of rising temperatures, changes in precipitation, coastal erosion and natural disasters, the book considers the implications for policy and future research, particularly in developing countries. Focusing on the worth of foreign aid in ensuring environmental sustainability, this collection consider how it can be used to improve access to sustainable energy, to promote efficient use of energy resources, to improve emission reduction and support the preservation of biodiversity in forests. Advancing our knowledge about foreign aid and climate change, it provides policy recommendations for the donors and recipient country governments. A cutting edge text on one of the most pressing international development issues of this century, this is key reading for all scholars of international development and climate change.

Aid Effectiveness for Environmental Sustainability

This collection examines the role that foreign aid can play in dealing with the severe global challenge of climate change, one of the most pressing international development issues of the 21st century. Addressing the key threats of rising temperatures, changes in precipitation, coastal erosion and natural disasters, the book considers the implications for policy and future research, particularly in developing countries. Focusing on the worth of foreign aid in ensuring environmental sustainability, this collection consider how it can be used to improve access to sustainable energy, to promote efficient use of energy resources, to improve emission reduction and support the preservation of biodiversity in forests. Advancing our knowledge about foreign aid and climate change, it provides policy recommendations for the donors and recipient country governments. A cutting edge text on one of the most pressing international development issues of this century, this is key reading for all scholars of international development and climate change.

AIDS — Ein Virusinfekt des Immunsystems: Vorgetragen in der Sitzung vom 8. Juni 1985 (Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften #1985 / 3)

AIDS and Obstetrics and Gynaecology

AIDS continually presents new questions for the obstetrician and gynecologist. The effect on pregnancy, the possibility of perinatal transmission, HIV positive tests, and risk to staff are just a few of the issues confronting clinicians and practitioners today. These and other questions were addressed by the 19th Study Group of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, whose findings are reported here.

AIDS and Tuberculosis: A Deadly Liaison (Infection Biology (VCH))

Providing the latest information on preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of tuberculosis and AIDS, this is the only book to place a major emphasis on the increasing coexistence of these two life-threatening diseases in individuals. Edited by outstanding scientists in the field, this ready reference is divided into three main sections covering immunology and vaccination strategies, drugs, and clinical issues. Timely reading for microbiologists, virologists, bacteriologists, immunologists, and pathophysiologists, as well as for the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries.

AIDS and Women’s Reproductive Health (Reproductive Biology)

Over the past decade, the AIDS pandemic has propagated so widely and exerted such a dev­ astating impact that one may properly ask the question, Why not concentrate all AIDS efforts on disease control alone? Why link AIDS with women's reproductive health? What is the scientific basis for this linkage? And how might AID~ control and women's health objectives be promot­ ed simultaneously? These questions constitute the principal themes addressed in this monograph. The 15 chapters in this volume are intended to provide state-of-the-art reviews of key interac­ tions between AIDS and women's reproductive health for an audience of scientists and policy makers in the AIDS and population fields. Impetus for this monograph comes in pan from what we perceive to be an inadequate global response, thus far, to AIDS and women's health ;>roblems. A common platform has failed to emerge among the disparate professional communities working in the areas of AIDS, STDs, and family planning. As a result, endeavors in these fields have been isolated, and opportunities for joint action have been missed. An enormous and, as yet, unharnessed potential exists for power­ ful interdisciplinary collaborations that could strengthen policies and programs against these pressing health problems of humankind.

Aids im amerikanischen und deutschen Recht: Eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme des Rechts der USA und ihre rechtspolitischen Konsequenzen für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland (MedR Schriftenreihe Medizinrecht)

Das Buch stellt - unter Einbeziehung medizinischer Erkenntnisse - ausführlich die in den USA bestehende Rechtslage zur Immunschwächekrankheit Aids dar und vergleicht sie mit dem deutschen Rechtszustand. Behandelt werden - die Aids-Forschungsförderung (Art und Umfang der Förderung) - die Aids-Aufklärung (und zwar der Öffentlichkeit sowie einzelner Gruppen z.B. der Schüler, Lehrer, Ärzte, Gefangenen, Heiratswilligen) - die Pflicht zu HIV-Tests (von Blut- und anderen Spenden sowie von verschiedenen Personengruppen, z.B. der Immigranten, Heiratswilligen, Prostituierten, Gefangenen, Soldaten, Beamten, Krankenhauspatienten und der allgemeinen Bevölkerung) - der Schutz vor einer Diskriminierung HIV-Infizierter (insbesondere im Arbeitsleben, Schulwesen, Wohnungs- und Versicherungswesen). Die amerikanische Rechtslage wird in den einschlägigen Abschnitten jeweils einer umfassenden Bewertung unterzogen und darauf überprüft, ob sie für die Aids betreffende rechtspolitische Diskussion in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland fruchtbar gemacht werden kann.

AIDS: Virus- or Drug Induced? (Contemporary Issues in Genetics and Evolution #5)

Despite enormous efforts, over 100,000 papers and over $22 billion spent by the US taxpayer alone, the HIV-AIDS hypothesis has failed to produce any public health benefits, no vaccine, no effective drug, no prevention, no cure, not a single life saved. Is the science system to be blamed? Has science failed to reveal the truth about AIDS? In AIDS: Virus or Drug Induced?, two dozen scientists, scholars and journalists have investigated the status quo of AIDS research. Most of them have questioned the HIV-AIDS hypothesis before, but have since been censored, and sociologically excluded from AIDS research, politics and journalism. Here they are united for the first time to put on trial the HIV-AIDS hypothesis. There are those who acquit HIV entirely. Others who make a case for HIV as a necessary, but not a sufficient cause of AIDS. And one medical scientist who, together with the huge AIDS literature, defends the hypothesis that HIV is sufficient to cause AIDS. The book convincingly reveals that the scientific method could very well find a solution to AIDS, but only if ideas can be exchanged freely and if the HIV monopoly can be broken. AIDS: Virus or Drug Induced? illustrates that the solution to AIDS could be as close as one of several, very testable and very affordable alternatives to the unproductive HIV-AIDS hypothesis.

AIIA 2022: Improving the Resilience of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Systems in the Post-Covid Era (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #337)

This volume gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of biosystems engineering, as presented at the 12th Conference of the Italian Association of Agricultural Engineering (AIIA), held in Palermo, Italy, on September 19-22, 2022. Focusing on the challenges of improving the resilience of agriculture, forestry and food systems in the post-Covid era, it shows how the research has addressed the following topics: Monitoring and modelling hydraulic and hydrological processes in agriculture and forestry systems; Challenges in stream rehabilitation and soil conservation strategies; Sustainable water resource management under climate change scenarios; Planning safe, healthy and resilient territorial, built and green systems; Cultural heritage preservation and rural landscape protection, planning and management; Plant and livestock production processes and technologies. Healthy and Organic farming. Animal welfare; Energy, waste and by-products smart use; Post-harvest logistics and food chain structures technology; Applications and experiences in smart agriculture and forestry; One Health, management and standardization for agriculture and forestry machinery and structures; Big data, machine learning and data hub in biosystems engineering. The contributions were selected by a rigorous peer-review process, and offer an extensive and multidisciplinary overview of the research in the field of biosystems engineering for sustainable agriculture.

Ailes, Nuages et Tourbillons: La mécanique des fluides en France de 1900 à 1950 - Une politique nationale (Science Networks. Historical Studies #61)

French aeronautics shone brightly in the first decade of the twentieth Century, but declined after the Great War. To remedy this situation, a new Ministry of Air launched in 1929 a large national program of scientific research in fluid mechanics, including the creation of four institutes and five teaching centers in the faculties of sciences in Paris and the provinces. This visionary policy, supported by considerable means, started a quite creative period and led to important achievements notably in the fields of atmospheric turbulence, thermoconvection and wake vortices. The usual picture of a period exclusively dominated by German and British contributions (and growing North-American ones), comes out significantly revised. The fruits of this policy will allow France to play a major role in the creation, after World War II, of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, and are still visible today in the French teaching and research organization. Based on original materials unearthed from a variety of archival sources and scientific papers, the present book recounts this history in all its intertwined scientific, industrial, political and cultural dimensions.Peer-review recommendation: “The text is tremendously well written, and it remains clear and accessible even in its most scientifically advanced dimensions. The author is thus able to address both connoisseurs of the field, who will enjoy reading - and discovering not only scientific but also literary elements and references - and neophytes who are never left by the wayside as the chapters progress. An exceptional and original iconography usefully completes this picture, without overloading it.”L'aéronautique française, qui a tant brillé au début du XXe siècle, décline nettement après la Grande Guerre. Afin de redresser la situation, un nouveau ministère de l'Air lance alors, en 1929, un ambitieux programme en faveur de la recherche en mécanique des fluides, incluant la création de quatre instituts et cinq centres d'enseignement dans les facultés des sciences de Paris et de province. Cette politique visionnaire, dotée de moyens considérables, initie une période très dynamique et créative, en particulier dans les domaines de la turbulence atmosphérique, de la thermoconvection et des tourbillons de sillage. L'image d'un demi-siècle exclusivement dominé par les contributions allemandes et anglaises (et ensuite américaines) s'en trouve notablement transformée. Les fruits de cette politique permettront à la France de jouer un rôle majeur dans la création, après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, de l'Union internationale de mécanique théorique et appliquée, et demeurent visibles aujourd'hui encore dans les structures d'enseignement et de recherche. Fondé sur des documents originaux issus de nombreuses archives et publications, le présent livre raconte cette histoire dans ses différentes dimensions scientifique, industrielle, politique et culturelle.

The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory (Princeton Science Library #126)

This classic work in the philosophy of physical science is an incisive and readable account of the scientific method. Pierre Duhem was one of the great figures in French science, a devoted teacher, and a distinguished scholar of the history and philosophy of science. This book represents his most mature thought on a wide range of topics.

The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory

This classic work in the philosophy of physical science is an incisive and readable account of the scientific method. Pierre Duhem was one of the great figures in French science, a devoted teacher, and a distinguished scholar of the history and philosophy of science. This book represents his most mature thought on a wide range of topics.

AIME 87: European Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Marseilles, August 31st – September 3rd 1987 Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Medical Informatics #33)

The current scarcity of expert systems where the reasoning is based on Bayesian probability theory may be due to misconceptions about probabilities found in the literature. As argued by Cheeseman (1985), these misconceptions have led to the attitude: "The Bayesian approach doesn't work - so here is a new scheme". Several of these expert systems based on ad hoc "probability" concepts have been successful in a number of ways, demonstrating the necessity of being able to handle uncertainty in medical expert systems. They also demonstrate the need for a theoretically sound handling of uncertainty. In Andersen et al. (1986) it was postulated that knowledge organized in a causal network can be used for a unified approach to the main tasks of a medical expert system: diagnosis, planning of tests and explanations. The present paper explores this postulate in a causal probabilistic network. It also provides a practical demonstration that the problems supposedly associated with probabilistic networks are either non-existent or that practical solutions can be found. This paper reports on the methods implemented in MUNIN* -an expert system for electromyography (EMG) (Andreassen et al. 1987). EMG is the diagnosis of muscle and nerve diseases through analysis of bioelectrical signals from muscle and nerve tissue. In Andreassen et al.

Aiming Big with Small Cars: Emergence of a Lead Market in India (India Studies in Business and Economics)

This book focuses on the small car segment of India's automotive industry to explain the emergence of lead markets. The authors contend that the current understanding of lead markets does not sufficiently explain the business practices that are born out of the intensified globalization of innovation. Lead markets are considered crucial for the global diffusion of new products and this book investigates whether sustainable lead markets can also emerge in developing economies, and if so, under which conditions. The authors question the conventional wisdom and propose updates and extensions to the lead market theory to better reflect the changing ground realities on ground.

Aiming for an A in A-level Biology

Exam Board: AQA, CCEA, Edexcel, OCR, WJEC/Eduqas Level: A-level Subject: Biology First teaching: September 2015 First exams: Summer 2017Master the skills you need to set yourself apart and hit the highest grades; this year-round course companion develops the higher-order thinking skills that top-achieving students possess, providing step-by-step guidance, examples and tips for getting an A grade.Written by experienced author and teacher Jo Ormisher, Aiming for an A in A-level Biology:- Helps you develop the 'A grade skills' of analysis, evaluation, creation and application- Takes you step by step through specific skills you need to master in A-level Biology, including scientific reading, quantitative and practical skills , so you can apply these skills and approach each exam question as an A/A* candidate- Clearly shows how to move up the grades with sample responses annotated to highlight the key features of A/A* answers- Helps you practise to achieve the levels expected of top-performing students, using in-class or homework activities and further reading tasks that stretch towards university-level study- Perfects exam technique through practical tips and examples of common pitfalls to avoid - Cultivates effective revision habits for success, with tips and strategies for producing and using revision resources- Supports all exam boards, outlining the Assessment Objectives for reaching the higher levels under the AQA, Edexcel, OCR, WJEC/Eduqas and CCEA specifications

Aiming for an A in A-level Biology (PDF)

Master the skills you need to set yourself apart and hit the highest grades; this year-round course companion develops the higher-order thinking skills that top-achieving students possess, providing step-by-step guidance, examples and tips for getting an A grade. Written by experienced author and teacher Jo Ormisher, Aiming for an A in A-level Biology: - Helps you develop the 'A grade skills' of analysis, evaluation, creation and application - Takes you step by step through specific skills you need to master in A-level Biology, including scientific reading, quantitative and practical skills , so you can apply these skills and approach each exam question as an A/A* candidate - Clearly shows how to move up the grades with sample responses annotated to highlight the key features of A/A* answers - Helps you practise to achieve the levels expected of top-performing students, using in-class or homework activities and further reading tasks that stretch towards university-level study - Perfects exam technique through practical tips and examples of common pitfalls to avoid - Cultivates effective revision habits for success, with tips and strategies for producing and using revision resources - Supports all exam boards, outlining the Assessment Objectives for reaching the higher levels under the AQA, Edexcel, OCR, WJEC/Eduqas and CCEA specifications

Aiming for an A in A-level Chemistry (PDF)

Exam Board: AQA, Edexcel, CCEA, OCR, WJEC Eduqas Level: A-level Subject: Chemistry First teaching: September 2015 First exams: Summer 2017 Master the skills you need to set yourself apart and hit the highest grades; this year-round course companion develops the higher-order thinking skills that top-achieving students possess, providing step-by-step guidance, examples and tips for getting an A grade.Written by experienced author and teacher Sarah Longshaw, Aiming for an A in A-level Chemistry:- Helps you develop the 'A grade skills' of analysis, evaluation, creation and application- Takes you step by step through specific skills you need to master in A-level Chemistry, including scientific reading, quantitative and practical skills, so you can apply these skills and approach each exam question as an A/A* candidate- Clearly shows how to move up the grades with sample responses annotated to highlight the key features of A/A* answers- Helps you practise to achieve the levels expected of top-performing students, using in-class or homework activities and further reading tasks that stretch towards university-level study- Perfects exam technique through practical tips and examples of common pitfalls to avoid - Cultivates effective revision habits for success, with tips and strategies for producing and using revision resources- Supports all exam boards, outlining the Assessment Objectives for reaching the higher levels under the AQA, Edexcel, OCR, WJEC/Eduqas and CCEA specifications.

Aiming for an A in A-level Physics (PDF)

Exam Board: AQA, Edexcel, OCR, WJEC Eduqas Level: A-level Subject: Physics First teaching: September 2015 First exams: Summer 2017Master the skills you need to set yourself apart and hit the highest grades; this year-round course companion develops the higher-order thinking skills that top-achieving students possess, providing step-by-step guidance, examples and tips for getting an A grade.Written by experienced author and teacher Mark Jones, Aiming for an A in A-level Physics:- Helps you develop the 'A grade skills' of analysis, evaluation, creation and application- Takes you step by step through specific skills you need to master in A-level Physics, including scientific reading, quantitative and practical skills, so you can apply these skills and approach each exam question as an A/A* candidate- Clearly shows how to move up the grades with sample responses annotated to highlight the key features of A/A* answers- Helps you practise to achieve the levels expected of top-performing students, using in-class or homework activities and further reading tasks that stretch towards university-level study- Perfects exam technique through practical tips and examples of common pitfalls to avoid - Cultivates effective revision habits for success, with tips and strategies for producing and using revision resources- Supports all exam boards, outlining the Assessment Objectives for reaching the higher levels under the AQA, Edexcel, OCR and WJEC/Eduqas specifications

Air and Noise Pollution Control: Volume 1 (Handbook of Environmental Engineering #1)

The past few years have seen the emergence of a growing, widespread desire in this country, and indeed everywhere, that positive actions be taken to restore the quality of our environment, and to protect it from the degrading effects of all forms of pollution-air, noise, solid waste, and water. Since pollution is a direct or" indirect consequence of waste, if there is no waste, there can be no pollution, and the seemingly idealistic demand for" zero discharge" can be construed as a demand for zero waste. However, as long as there is waste, we can only attempt to abate the consequent pollution by converting it to a less noxious form. In those instances in which a particular type of pollution has been recognized, three major questions usually arise: 1, How serious is the pollution? 2, Is the technology to abate it available? and 3, Do the costs of abatement justify the degree of abatement achieved? The principal intention of this series of books is to help the reader to formulate answers to the last two of the above three questions. The traditional approach of applying tried-and-true solutions to specific pollution problems has been a major factor contributing to the success of environmental engineering, and in large measure has accounted for the establishing of a "methodology of pollution control.

Air and Water: The Biology and Physics of Life's Media

Addressing general readers and biologists, Mark Denny shows how the physics of fluids (in this case, air and water) influences the often fantastic ways in which life forms adapt themselves to their terrestrial or aquatic "media."

Air and Water: Trade Winds, Hurricanes, Gulf Stream, Tsunamis and Other Striking Phenomena

Air and water are so familiar that we all think we know them. Yet how difficult it remains to predict their behavior, with so many questions butting against the limits of our knowledge. How are cyclones, tornadoes, thunderstorms, tsunamis or floods generated — sometimes causing devastation and death? What will the weather be tomorrow, next week, next summer? This book brings some answers to these questions with a strategy of describing before explaining. Starting by considering air and water in equilibrium (i.e., at rest), it progresses to discuss dynamic phenomena first focusing on large scale structures, such as El Niño or trade winds, then on ever smaller structures, such as low-pressure zones in the atmosphere, clouds, rain, as well as tides and waves. It finishes by describing man-made constructions (dams, ports, power plants, etc.) that serve to domesticate our water resources and put them to work for us. Including over one hundred illustrations and very few equations, most of the text is accessible to readers with no more than high-school science and who are at ease with quantities such as the temperature of a fluid or the pressure within such a medium. Beyond the primary audience of engineers, teachers, and students, the book is thus also addressed to walkers, hikers, navigators, and all nature lovers.

Air Apparent: How Meteorologists Learned to Map, Predict, and Dramatize Weather

Weather maps have made our atmosphere visible, understandable, and at least moderately predictable. In Air Apparent Mark Monmonier traces debates among scientists eager to unravel the enigma of storms and global change, explains strategies for mapping the upper atmosphere and forecasting disaster, and discusses efforts to detect and control air pollution. Fascinating in its scope and detail, Air Apparent makes us take a second look at the weather map, an image that has been, and continues to be, central to our daily lives. "Clever title, rewarding book. Monmonier . . . offers here a basic course in meteorology, which he presents gracefully by means of a history of weather maps." —Scientific American "Mark Monmonier is onto a winner with Air Apparent. . . . It is good, accessible science and excellent history. . . . Read it." —Fred Pearce, New Scientist "[Air Apparent] is a superb first reading for any backyard novice of weather . . . but even the veteran forecaster or researcher will find it engaging and, in some cases, enlightening." —Joe Venuti, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society "Monmonier is solid enough in his discussion of geographic and meteorological information to satisfy the experienced weather watcher. But even if this information were not presented in such a lively and engaging manner, it would still hook most any reader who checks the weather map every morning or who sits happily entranced through a full cycle of forecasts on the Weather Channel."—Michael Kennedy, Boston Globe

Air breathed in and air breathed out (large print)

This page shows a diagram of an experiment about breath, demonstrating the difference between inhaled and exhaled air. There is a locator dot shown, which will be at the top left, when the image is the correct way up. There are two test tubes, one on the left and one on the right of the page. They are both configured the same way with a bung and two tubes. The tube on the left comes out and is bent to the left. The tube on the right comes out and is bent to the right. Both test tubes are half filled with limewater. The lime water on the left is clear and the limewater on the right is cloudy, a pale milky white. In the first test tube the inhaled air would create low pressure in the test tube which would suck air into the test tube from the atmosphere. This air would bubble through the limewater. Atmospheric air contains relatively low levels of carbon dioxide so the limewater stays relatively clear. In the second test tube the exhaled air bubbles through the limewater. Exhaled breath contains much more carbon dioxide so the limewater goes a cloudy, milky white.

Air breathed in and air breathed out (UEB contracted)

This page shows a diagram of an experiment about breath, demonstrating the difference between inhaled and exhaled air. There is a locator dot shown, which will be at the top left, when the image is the correct way up. There are two test tubes, one on the left and one on the right of the page. They are both configured the same way with a bung and two tubes. The tube on the left comes out and is bent to the left. The tube on the right comes out and is bent to the right. Both test tubes are half filled with limewater. The lime water on the left is clear and the limewater on the right is cloudy, a pale milky white. In the first test tube the inhaled air would create low pressure in the test tube which would suck air into the test tube from the atmosphere. This air would bubble through the limewater. Atmospheric air contains relatively low levels of carbon dioxide so the limewater stays relatively clear. In the second test tube the exhaled air bubbles through the limewater. Exhaled breath contains much more carbon dioxide so the limewater goes a cloudy, milky white.