- Table View
- List View
Beim Sterben helfen – dürfen wir das? (#philosophieorientiert)
by Bettina Schöne-SeifertGehört es zu einer liberalen Gesellschaft und einer humanen modernen Medizin, dass Menschen aktiv aus dem Leben scheiden und sich dabei helfen lassen dürfen? Ethische Diskussionen über Sterbehilfe entzünden sich meist an Fällen unheilbar kranker Patienten, die ihr Leben nicht länger ertragen wollen. Während diese Kranken nach geltendem Recht und weit geteilten Überzeugungen auf lebenserhaltende Therapien aller Art verzichten dürfen, wird sehr kontrovers beurteilt, ob sie sich – als ultima ratio – auf ihr Verlangen hin töten oder bei einem Suizid unterstützen lassen dürfen – sei es durch Ärzte, Angehörige oder Sterbehilfevereine. Meinungsführende Kritiker warnen davor, dass Patientensuizide zur Normalität werden könnten, beschwören die Unvereinbarkeit tödlicher ‚Hilfe‘ mit dem ärztlichen Ethos und befürchten Ausweitungen auf andere Personengruppen, etwa auf hochbetagte Menschen, die nicht schwer krank, wohl aber lebensmüde sind. Doch lässt man sterbewillige Patienten mit dieser Tabuisierung nicht auf unmenschliche Weise alleine? Und sollte nicht das Recht auf Selbstbestimmung gerade in solch existentiellen Angelegenheiten wie dem eigenen Lebensende respektiert werden? In profunder Kenntnis der langjährigen medizinethischen Debatten analysiert Bettina Schöne-Seifert die Landschaft der Sterbehilfe-Fragen und -Argumente und verteidigt entschieden eine liberale Position zur Suizidhilfe.
Beim Sterben helfen – dürfen wir das? (#philosophieorientiert)
by Bettina Schöne-SeifertGehört es zu einer liberalen Gesellschaft und einer humanen modernen Medizin, dass Menschen aktiv aus dem Leben scheiden und sich dabei helfen lassen dürfen? Ethische Diskussionen über Sterbehilfe entzünden sich meist an Fällen unheilbar kranker Patienten, die ihr Leben nicht länger ertragen wollen. Während diese Kranken nach geltendem Recht und weit geteilten Überzeugungen auf lebenserhaltende Therapien aller Art verzichten dürfen, wird sehr kontrovers beurteilt, ob sie sich – als ultima ratio – auf ihr Verlangen hin töten oder bei einem Suizid unterstützen lassen dürfen – sei es durch Ärzte, Angehörige oder Sterbehilfevereine. Meinungsführende Kritiker warnen davor, dass Patientensuizide zur Normalität werden könnten, beschwören die Unvereinbarkeit tödlicher ‚Hilfe‘ mit dem ärztlichen Ethos und befürchten Ausweitungen auf andere Personengruppen, etwa auf hochbetagte Menschen, die nicht schwer krank, wohl aber lebensmüde sind. Doch lässt man sterbewillige Patienten mit dieser Tabuisierung nicht auf unmenschliche Weise alleine? Und sollte nicht das Recht auf Selbstbestimmung gerade in solch existentiellen Angelegenheiten wie dem eigenen Lebensende respektiert werden? In profunder Kenntnis der langjährigen medizinethischen Debatten analysiert Bettina Schöne-Seifert die Landschaft der Sterbehilfe-Fragen und -Argumente und verteidigt entschieden eine liberale Position zur Suizidhilfe.
Being a Judge in the Modern World
by Jeremy CooperThe role of the judiciary is constantly evolving and is in many ways more important than ever. Indeed, many argue that the sovereignty of parliament is eroding and being replaced by the respective power of judges. The Jackson Reforms of 2010, for example, saw judges bestowed with more power over case and budget management than ever before. Equally, courtrooms are transforming under the weight of technological innovation and the increasing presence of litigants in person. Stemming from a series of lectures arranged by the Judicial College on the theme of 'Being a Judge in the Modern World', this book provides a survey of many significant aspects of the modern judicial role. With contributions from some of the most senior judges in the UK and beyond, this collection provides a unique and firsthand insight into the development of the legal system and the challenges faced by today's judiciary. Additional contributions from the realms of journalism and civil liberties offer an external perspective and provide a wider context to the judicial voices.
Being a Judge in the Modern World
The role of the judiciary is constantly evolving and is in many ways more important than ever. Indeed, many argue that the sovereignty of parliament is eroding and being replaced by the respective power of judges. The Jackson Reforms of 2010, for example, saw judges bestowed with more power over case and budget management than ever before. Equally, courtrooms are transforming under the weight of technological innovation and the increasing presence of litigants in person. Stemming from a series of lectures arranged by the Judicial College on the theme of 'Being a Judge in the Modern World', this book provides a survey of many significant aspects of the modern judicial role. With contributions from some of the most senior judges in the UK and beyond, this collection provides a unique and firsthand insight into the development of the legal system and the challenges faced by today's judiciary. Additional contributions from the realms of journalism and civil liberties offer an external perspective and provide a wider context to the judicial voices.
Being a Researcher: An Informatics Perspective
by Carlo GhezziThis book explores research from the researchers’ perspective: why to engage in research, what methods to follow, how to operate in daily life, what the responsibilities are, how to engage with society, and the ethical issues confronting professionals in their day-to-day research. The book systematically discusses what every student should be told when entering academic or industrial research so that they can avoid going through the painful process of learning by personal experience and lots of errors. Rather than being technical, it is philosophical and sometimes even anecdotal, combining factual information and commonly accepted knowledge on research and its methods, while at the same time clearly distinguishing between objective and factual concepts and data, and subjective considerations. The book is about scientific research in general and as such holds true for any scientific field. However, it is fair to say that the different fields differ in their research cultures and in their eco-systems. The book reflects the author’s experience accumulated over almost 50 years of teaching graduate courses and lecturing in doctoral symposia at Politecnico di Milano, University of Zurich, TU Wien, Peking University, and at various conferences, and of academic research in informatics (also known as computer science). This book is mainly intended for students who are considering research as a possible career option; for in-progress researchers who have entered doctoral programs; and for junior postdoctoral researchers. It will also appeal to senior researchers involved in mentoring students and junior researchers.
Being Against the World: Rebellion and Constitution (Birkbeck Law Press)
by Oscar Guardiola-RiveraHow can we save politics from the politician? How can we save ourselves? This book looks at the example of those who leave the city and break the social contract, rebellious exiles and freedom fighters escaping the wheel of necessity, and learns from them.
Being Against the World: Rebellion and Constitution (Birkbeck Law Press)
by Oscar Guardiola-RiveraHow can we save politics from the politician? How can we save ourselves? This book looks at the example of those who leave the city and break the social contract, rebellious exiles and freedom fighters escaping the wheel of necessity, and learns from them.
Being and Owning: The Body, Bodily Material, and the Law
by Jesse WallWhen part of a person's body is separated from them, or when a person dies, it is unclear what legal status the item of bodily material is able to obtain. A 'no property rule' which states that there is no property in the human body was first recorded in an English judgment in 1882. Claims based on property rights in the human body and its parts have failed on the basis that the human body is not the subject of property. Despite a recent series of exceptions to the 'no property rule', the law still has no clear answer as to the legal status of the body or its material. In this book, Wall examines the appropriate legal status of bodily material, and in doing so, develops a way for the law to address disputes over the use and storage of bodily material that, contrary to the current trend, resists the application of property law. Wall assesses when a person ought to be able to possess, control, use, or profit from, his or her own bodily material or the bodily material of another person. Bodily material may be valuable because it retains a functional unity with the body or is a material resource that is in short supply. With this in mind, Wall measures the extent to which property law can represent the rights and duties that protects the entitlement that a person may exercise in bodily material, and identifies the limits to the appropriate application of property law. An alternative to property law is developed with reference to the right of bodily integrity and the right to privacy.
Being and Owning: The Body, Bodily Material, and the Law
by Jesse WallWhen part of a person's body is separated from them, or when a person dies, it is unclear what legal status the item of bodily material is able to obtain. A 'no property rule' which states that there is no property in the human body was first recorded in an English judgment in 1882. Claims based on property rights in the human body and its parts have failed on the basis that the human body is not the subject of property. Despite a recent series of exceptions to the 'no property rule', the law still has no clear answer as to the legal status of the body or its material. In this book, Wall examines the appropriate legal status of bodily material, and in doing so, develops a way for the law to address disputes over the use and storage of bodily material that, contrary to the current trend, resists the application of property law. Wall assesses when a person ought to be able to possess, control, use, or profit from, his or her own bodily material or the bodily material of another person. Bodily material may be valuable because it retains a functional unity with the body or is a material resource that is in short supply. With this in mind, Wall measures the extent to which property law can represent the rights and duties that protects the entitlement that a person may exercise in bodily material, and identifies the limits to the appropriate application of property law. An alternative to property law is developed with reference to the right of bodily integrity and the right to privacy.
Being and Value in Technology
by Enrico Terrone Vera TripodiDespite numerous publications on the philosophy of technology, little attention has been paid to the relationship between being and value in technology, two aspects which are usually treated separately. This volume addresses this issue by drawing connections between the ontology of technology on the one hand and technology’s ethical and aesthetic significance on the other. The book first considers what technology is and what kind of entities it produces. Then it examines the moral implications of technology. Finally, it explores the connections between technology and the arts.
Being Apart from Reasons: The Role of Reasons in Public and Private Moral Decision-Making (Law and Philosophy Library #76)
by Cláudio Jr. MichelonBeing Apart from Reasons deals with the question of how we should go about using reasons to decide what to do. More particularly, the book presents objections to the most common response given by contemporary legal and political theorists to the moral complexity of decision-making in modern societies, namely: the attempt to release public agents from their argumentative burden by insulating a particular set of reasons from the general pool of reasons and assigning the former systematic priority over all other reasons. That strategy is apparent both in Rawls’ claim that reasons concerning the right are systematically prior to reasons concerning the good and in Raz’s claim that pre-emptive reasons are systematically prior to first-order reasons. The same strategy is also instantiated by certain arguments for the procedural value of law, such as Jeremy Waldron’s. In the book, each of those arguments for the insulation of reasons is objected to in order to defend the thesis the reasoning by public agents must always be as comprehensive as possible. The remaining chapters object to those arguments mentioned above which aim at justifying the exclusion of certain reasons from public agents' decision-making.
Being Faithful: Christian Commitment In Modern Society (Ecclesiological Investigations)
by Judith A. MerkleThis book explores how the Christian life is lived in a pluralistic situation where different contexts of belonging give rise to different moral challenges. While it is characteristic of modern life to exist in a postmodern situation where there is an erosion of comprehensive systems of meaning, we still live today in contexts of belonging. We still seek to gather out of the fragments of modern life the sustenance of a network of belonging, belief and practice which comprise a faithful life. The construction of such a life, not only for us, but for others, serves as the framework for our moral commitments. Furthermore, sustaining and transforming social frameworks which shape various aspects of human life form the life task of adult Christians.
Being Good: A Short Introduction to Ethics
by Simon BlackburnIt is not only in our dark hours that scepticism, relativism, hypocrisy, and nihilism dog ethics. Whether it is a matter of giving to charity, or sticking to duty, or insisting on our rights, we can be confused, or be paralysed by the fear that our principles are groundless. Many are afraid that in a Godless world science has unmasked us as creatures fated by our genes to be selfish and tribalistic, or competitive and aggressive. Simon Blackburn, author of the best-selling Think, structures this short introduction around these and other threats to ethics. Confronting seven different objections to our self-image as moral, well-behaved creatures, he charts a course through the philosophical quicksands that often engulf us. Then, turning to problems of life and death, he shows how we should think about the meaning of life, and how we should mistrust the sound-bite sized absolutes that often dominate moral debates. Finally he offers a critical tour of the ways the philosophical tradition has tried to provide foundations for ethics, from Plato and Aristotle through to contemporary debates.
Being Good in a World of Need (Uehiro Series in Practical Ethics)
by Larry S. TemkinIn a world filled with both enormous wealth and pockets of great devastation, how should the well-off respond to the world's needy? This is the urgent central question of Being Good in a World of Need. Larry S. Temkin, one of the world's foremost ethicists, challenges common assumptions about philanthropy, his own prior beliefs, and the dominant philosophical positions of Peter Singer and Effective Altruism. Filled with keen analysis and insightful discussions of philosophy, current events, development economics, history, literature, and age-old wisdom, this book is a thorough and sobering exploration of the complicated ways that global aid may incentivize disastrous policies, reward corruption, and foster “brain drains” that hinder social and economic development. Using real-world examples and illuminating thought experiments, Temkin discusses ethical imperialism, humanitarian versus developmental aid, how charities ignore or coverup negative impacts, replicability and scaling-up problems, and the views of the renowned economists Angus Deaton and Jeffrey Sachs, all within the context of deeper philosophical issues of fairness, responsibility, and individual versus collective morality. At times both inspiring and profoundly disturbing, he presents the powerful argument that neglecting the needy is morally impermissible, even as he illustrates that the path towards helping others is often fraught with complex ethical and practical perils. Steeped in empathy, morality, pathos, and humanity, this is an engaging and eye-opening text for any reader who shares an intense concern for helping others in need.
Being Good in a World of Need (Uehiro Series in Practical Ethics)
by Larry S. TemkinIn a world filled with both enormous wealth and pockets of great devastation, how should the well-off respond to the world's needy? This is the urgent central question of Being Good in a World of Need. Larry S. Temkin, one of the world's foremost ethicists, challenges common assumptions about philanthropy, his own prior beliefs, and the dominant philosophical positions of Peter Singer and Effective Altruism. Filled with keen analysis and insightful discussions of philosophy, current events, development economics, history, literature, and age-old wisdom, this book is a thorough and sobering exploration of the complicated ways that global aid may incentivize disastrous policies, reward corruption, and foster “brain drains” that hinder social and economic development. Using real-world examples and illuminating thought experiments, Temkin discusses ethical imperialism, humanitarian versus developmental aid, how charities ignore or coverup negative impacts, replicability and scaling-up problems, and the views of the renowned economists Angus Deaton and Jeffrey Sachs, all within the context of deeper philosophical issues of fairness, responsibility, and individual versus collective morality. At times both inspiring and profoundly disturbing, he presents the powerful argument that neglecting the needy is morally impermissible, even as he illustrates that the path towards helping others is often fraught with complex ethical and practical perils. Steeped in empathy, morality, pathos, and humanity, this is an engaging and eye-opening text for any reader who shares an intense concern for helping others in need.
Being Guilty: Freedom, Responsibility, and Conscience in German Philosophy from Kant to Heidegger
by Guy ElgatWhat can guilt, the painful sting of the bad conscience, tell us about who we are as human beings? How can it be explained or justified? Being Guilty seeks to answer these questions through an examination of the views of Kant, Schelling, Schopenhauer, Paul Rée, Nietzsche, and Heidegger on guilt, freedom, responsibility, and conscience. The concept of guilt has not received sufficient attention from scholars working in the history of German philosophy. What's more, even individual thinkers whose conceptions of guilt have been researched have not been studied fully within their historical contexts. Guy Elgat redresses both these scholarly lacunae to show how these philosophers' arguments can be more deeply grasped once read in their historical context, a history that should be read as proceeding dialectically. Thus, in Kant, Schelling, and Schopenhauer, we find variations on the idea that guilt for specific actions we perform is justified because the human agent is guilty in his very being--a guilt for which he is responsible. In contrast, in Rée and Nietzsche, these ideas are rejected and guilt is seen as rarely justified but rather explainable through human psychology. Finally, in Heidegger, we find a near synthesis of the views of the previous philosophers, as he argues we are guilty in our very being yet are not responsible for this guilt. In the process of unfolding the trajectory of these evolving conceptions of guilt, the philosophers' views on these and many other issues are explored in depth, and through them Elgat articulates an entirely new approach to guilt.
Being Guilty: Freedom, Responsibility, and Conscience in German Philosophy from Kant to Heidegger
by Guy ElgatWhat can guilt, the painful sting of the bad conscience, tell us about who we are as human beings? How can it be explained or justified? Being Guilty seeks to answer these questions through an examination of the views of Kant, Schelling, Schopenhauer, Paul Rée, Nietzsche, and Heidegger on guilt, freedom, responsibility, and conscience. The concept of guilt has not received sufficient attention from scholars working in the history of German philosophy. What's more, even individual thinkers whose conceptions of guilt have been researched have not been studied fully within their historical contexts. Guy Elgat redresses both these scholarly lacunae to show how these philosophers' arguments can be more deeply grasped once read in their historical context, a history that should be read as proceeding dialectically. Thus, in Kant, Schelling, and Schopenhauer, we find variations on the idea that guilt for specific actions we perform is justified because the human agent is guilty in his very being--a guilt for which he is responsible. In contrast, in Rée and Nietzsche, these ideas are rejected and guilt is seen as rarely justified but rather explainable through human psychology. Finally, in Heidegger, we find a near synthesis of the views of the previous philosophers, as he argues we are guilty in our very being yet are not responsible for this guilt. In the process of unfolding the trajectory of these evolving conceptions of guilt, the philosophers' views on these and many other issues are explored in depth, and through them Elgat articulates an entirely new approach to guilt.
Being Happy (Penguin Great Ideas)
by n/a Epicurus'It is impossible to live the pleasant life without also living sensibly, nobly and justly'The ancient Greek philosopher and teacher Epicurus argued that pleasure - not sensual hedonism, but the absence of pain or fear - is the highest goal of life. His hugely influential lessons on happiness are a call to appreciate the joy of being alive.One of twenty new books in the bestselling Penguin Great Ideas series. This new selection showcases a diverse list of thinkers who have helped shape our world today, from anarchists to stoics, feminists to prophets, satirists to Zen Buddhists.
Being Imprisoned: Punishment, Adaptation and Desistance (Palgrave Studies in Prisons and Penology)
by M. SchinkelExploring the way in which criminal punishment is interpreted and narrated by offenders, this book examines the meaning offenders ascribe to their sentence and the consequences of this for future desistance.
Being Realistic about Reasons
by T. M. ScanlonT. M. Scanlon offers a qualified defense of normative cognitivism—the view that there are irreducibly normative truths about reasons for action. He responds to three familiar objections: that such truths would have troubling metaphysical implications; that we would have no way of knowing what they are; and that the role of reasons in motivating and explaining action could not be explained if accepting a conclusion about reasons for action were a kind of belief. Scanlon answers the first of these objections within a general account of ontological commitment, applying to mathematics as well as normative judgments. He argues that the method of reflective equilibrium, properly understood, provides an adequate account of how we come to know both normative truths and mathematical truths, and that the idea of a rational agent explains the link between an agent's normative beliefs and his or her actions. Whether every statement about reasons for action has a determinate truth value is a question to be answered by an overall account of reasons for action, in normative terms. Since it seems unlikely that there is such an account, the defense of normative cognitivism offered here is qualified: statements about reasons for action can have determinate truth values, but it is not clear that all of them do. Along the way, Scanlon offers an interpretation of the distinction between normative and non-normative claims, a new account of the supervenience of the normative on the non-normative, an interpretation of the idea of the relative strength of reasons, and a defense of the method of reflective equilibrium.
Being Sure of Each Other: An Essay on Social Rights and Freedoms
by Kimberley BrownleeWe are deeply social creatures. Our core social needs—for meaningful social inclusion—are more important than our civil and political needs and our economic welfare needs, and we won't secure those other things if our core social needs go unmet. Our core social needs ground a human right against social deprivation as well as a human right to have the resources to sustain other people. Kimberley Brownlee defends this fundamental but largely neglected human right; having defined social deprivation as a persistent lack of minimally adequate access to decent human contact, she then discusses situations such as solitary confinement and incidental isolation. Fleshing out what it means to belong, Brownlee considers why loneliness and weak social connections are not just moral tragedies, but often injustices, and argues that we endure social contribution injustice when we are denied the means to sustain others. Our core social needs can clash with our interests in interactive and associative freedom, and when they do, social needs take priority. We have a duty to ensure that everyone has the opportunity to satisfy their social needs. As Brownlee asserts, we violate this duty if we classify some people as inescapably socially threatening, either through using reductive, essentialist language that reduces people to certain acts or traits—'criminal', 'rapist', 'paedophile', 'foreigner'—or in the ways we physically segregate such people and fail to help people to reintegrate after segregation.
Being Sure of Each Other: An Essay on Social Rights and Freedoms
by Kimberley BrownleeWe are deeply social creatures. Our core social needs — for meaningful social inclusion — are more important than our civil and political needs and our economic welfare needs, and we won't secure those other things if our core social needs go unmet. Our core social needs ground a human right against social deprivation as well as a human right to have the resources to sustain other people. Kimberley Brownlee defends this fundamental but largely neglected human right; having defined social deprivation as a persistent lack of minimally adequate access to decent human contact, she then discusses situations such as solitary confinement and incidental isolation. Fleshing out what it means tothers. Our core social needs can clash with oo belong, Brownlee considers why loneliness and weak social connections are not just moral tragedies, but often injustices, and argues that we endure social contribution injustice when we are denied the means to sustain ur interests in interactive and associative freedom, and when they do, social needs take priority. We have a duty to ensure that everyone has the opportunity to satisfy their social needs. As Brownlee asserts, we violate this duty if we classify some people as inescapably socially threatening, either through using reductive, essentialist language that reduces people to certain acts or traits — 'criminal', 'rapist', 'paedophile', 'foreigner' — or in the ways we physically segregate such people and fail to help people to reintegrate after segregation.
Beiräte in der Verantwortung: Aufsicht und Rat in Familienunternehmen
by Hermut KormannIn diesem wissenschaftlich fundierten Praxishandbuch stellt der Autor die Institution Beirat als Beratungs- und Kontrollgremium im Familienunternehmen umfassend dar. Aus der Sicht eines Praktikers mit jahrelanger Erfahrung als Geschäftsführer und Beirat beschreibt er alle relevanten Themen- und Problemstellungen. Dabei hat er Fragen zu den rechtlichen Grundlagen und zur Funktion des Beirats gegenüber der Geschäftsführung genauso im Blick wie die Arbeitsweise und Zusammensetzung von Beiräten.
Beiträge zum Medienrecht (Linzer Universitätsschriften #4)
Die von den wissenschaftlichen Assistenten der Fachrichtung Offent liches Recht seit 1961 (Hamburg) alljahrlich fUr ihre Kollegen an den deutschsprachigen Universitaten organisierten Arbeitstagungen bieten diesen wie kaum eine andere Veranstaltung Moglichkeit zu wissenschaftlicher Diskussion und personlichem Gedankenaustausch. Die 17. Tagung an der Johannes Kepler-Universitat Linz (28. Februar bis 4. Marz 19ft) stand unter dem Generalthema Medienrecht. Dane ben wurden in Arbeitsgruppen die Themen "Verfassungsrechtliche und rechtstheoretische Fragen judizieller Rechtsbildung" (EinfUh rungsreferat Jom Ipsen, Gottingen), "Probleme des Verwaltungs verfahrens" (Hans Otto Freitag, Bochum) und "Hans Kelsen - Schopfer der Normenkontrolle" (Herbert Haller, Wien) behandelt. Die zwanglosen Zusammenkiinfte zeichnen sich aber nicht nur durch Bestandigkeit und regen Zuspruch, sondem auch durch kaum los bare Finanzierungsprobleme der jeweiligen Organisatoren aus. Den noch gelangen nach Wien (1970) nunmehr auch die in Linz zum Generalthema gehaltenen Referate im vorliegenden Band der Linzer Universitatsschriften zur Veroffentlichung. DafUr sind wir Herm O. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Richard Holzhammer, der die Aufnahme in die Schriftenreihe ermoglichte, und dem Linzer Hochschulfonds, der die Druckkosten iibemahm, zu Dank verpflichtet. Linz, im November 19ft Hans Popper Erich Wolny v Inhalt Bernd-Christian Fun k Offentlich-rechtliche Fragen des Kabelfernsehens in Oster reich - Uberlegungen zur geltenden und kiinftig zu gestal tenden Rechtslage .
Beiträge zum Pfandrecht am eigenen Grundstück
by Otto HirschfeldDieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.