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Operations Without Pain: The Practice and Science of Anaesthesia in Victorian Britain (Science, Technology and Medicine in Modern History)
by S. SnowThe introduction of anaesthesia to Victorian Britain marked a defining moment between modern medicine and earlier practices. This book uses new information from John Snow's casebooks and London hospital archives to revise many of the existing historical assumptions about the early history of surgical anaesthesia. By examining complex patterns of innovation, reversals, debate and geographical difference, Stephanie Snow shows how anaesthesia became established as a routine part of British medicine.
Seventeenth-Century Europe: State, Conflict and Social Order in Europe 1598-1700 (Macmillan History of Europe)
by Thomas MunckThis thematically organised text provides a compelling introduction and guide to the key problems and issues of this highly controversial century. Offering a genuinely comparative history, Thomas Munck adeptly balances Eastern and Southern Europe, Scandinavia, and the Ottoman Empire against the better-known history of France, the British Isles and Spain. Seventeenth-Century Europe- gives full prominence to the political context of the period, arguing that the Thirty Years War is vital to understanding the social and political developments of the early modern period- provides detailed coverage of the debates surrounding the 'general crisis', absolutism and the growth of the state, and the implications these had for townspeople, the peasantry and the poor - examines changes in economic orientation within Europe, as well as continuity and change in mental and cultural traditions at different social levels.Now fully revised, this second edition of a well-established and approachable synthesis features important new material on the Ottomans, Christian-Moslem contacts and on the role of women. The text has also been thoroughly updated to take account of recent research.
British Theatre of the 1990s: Interviews with Directors, Playwrights, Critics and Academics
by M. Aragay H. Klein E. Monforte P. ZozayaThis exciting book uniquely combines interviews with scholars and practitioners in theatre studies to look at what most people feel is a pivotal moment of British theatre - the 1990s. With a particular focus on 'in-yer-face theatre', this volume will be essential reading for all students and scholars of contemporary British theatre.
The Women's Movement in Wartime: International Perspectives, 1914-19
by A. Fell I. SharpThis comparative, interdisciplinary book explores the responses of the women's movement to World War I in all of the major belligerent nations. The contributors cover key topics including women's relationship with the state, women's war service, mothers in wartime, suffrage, peace and the aftermath of war, and women's guilt and responsibility.
Publishing in the First World War: Essays in Book History
by M. Hammond S. TowheedThis book explores the publishing and reading practices formed and changed by the First World War. From an exploration of British and Australian trench journals to the impact of war on the literary figures of the home front, the essays provide new information about the production, circulation and reception of reading matter during this time.
Romanticism's Debatable Lands
by C. Lamont M. RossingtonThis book uses the theme of 'debatable lands', to explore aspects of writing in the Romantic period. Walter Scott brought it to a wider public, and the phrase came to be applied to debates which were intellectual, political or artistic. These debates are pursued in a collection of essays grouped under the headings such as 'Britain and Ireland'.
The Conservative Party and Anglo-German Relations, 1905-1914
by F. McDonoughOffering first major study of the views of the Conservative Party towards the key aspects of Anglo-German relations from 1905 to 1914, it examines the Conservative response to the German threat, and argues that it showed a marked absence of open hostility towards Germany.
Sketches of the Nineteenth Century: European Journalism and its Physiologies , 1830-50
by M. LausterThis book discusses the visual and verbal city sketches which proliferated during the 'journalistic revolution' of the 1830s and 1840s. It shows how sketches transformed models of visual and printed media and of life science into a unique kind of sociology, presenting a self-critique of the middle class on the brink of industrial modernity.
Politics, Finance, and the People
by Earl ReitanThis book traces the changes in the organization of the British economy following the War of American Independence, which unleashed a political crisis and popular movement in Britain based on demands for 'economical reform'.
A Concise History of the World Since 1945: States and Peoples
by W. M. SpellmanW.M. Spellman explores the past half century focusing on key topics such as human migration, science and technology, international business, religion and politics and Empire. Authoritative and well-written, this is an ideal introductory guide for anyone with an interest in World history and the issues and challenges facing the globe today.
German Reformation (Studies in European History)
by R.W. ScribnerOver the past twenty years, new approaches to the history of the Reformation of the Church have radically altered our understanding of that event within its broadest social and cultural context. In this classic study R. W. Scribner provided a synthesis of the main research, with a special emphasis on the German Reformation, and presented his own interpretation of the period.Paying particular attention to the social history of the broader religious movements of the German Reformation, Scribner examined those elements of popular culture and belief which are now seen to have played a central role in shaping the development and outcome of the movements for reform in the sixteenth century. Scribner concluded that 'the Reformation', as it came to be known, was only one of a wide range of responses to the problem of religious reform and revival, and suggested that the movement as a whole was less successful than previously claimed.In the second edition of this invaluable text, C. Scott Dixon's new Introduction, supplementary chapter and bibliography continue Scribner's original lines of inquiry, and provide additional commentary on developments within German Reformation scholarship over the sixteen years since its first publication.
Beyond Calvin: The Intellectual, Political and Cultural World of Europe's Reformed Churches, c. 1540-1620 (European History in Perspective)
by Graeme MurdockAn international community of Reformed churches emerged during the sixteenth century. Although attempts were made by Calvinists to reach agreement over key beliefs, and to establish uniformity in patterns of worship and church government, there were continuing divisions over some ideas and differences between local practices of moral discipline and religious life. However, Reformed intellectuals developed common ideas about rights of resistance against tyrants, communities prayed, fasted and donated money to aid brethren in distress, and many Calvinists across the Continent developed a strong sense of collective identity.Beyond Calvin considers the Reformed churches of Europe in an international and comparative context from around 1540 to 1620. Graeme Murdock:- discusses how Calvinism operated as an international movement by looking at links between Reformed churches, communities and states- explains what Reformed churches across the Continent stood for- focuses on how Calvinists sought to purify the practice of Christian religion, and to renew European politics, society and culture- examines both the strengths and limits of the international Reformed community
The Lollards (Social History in Perspective)
by Richard RexThe Lollards offers a brief but insightful guide to the entire history of England's only native medieval heretical movement. Beginning with its fourteenth century origins in the theology of the Oxford professor, John Wyclif, Richard Rex examines the spread of Lollardy across much of England until its eventual dissolution amidst the ecclesiastical and doctrinal upheavals of the sixteenth century.Taking account of recent scholarship, Rex reassesses Wyclif's political career and provides a compact survey of his theology which corrects a number of current misapprehensions about it and identifies those features which help explain the hostility it aroused. Whilst endorsing the traditinal view that Lollardy was indeed the lay face of Wycliffism, the author nevertheless challenges a number of cherished myths about England's late medieval heretics. Rex controversially argues that Wyclif and the Lollards were far less important than historians and literary scholars have often claimed, and takes issue with recent attempts to restore Lollardy to its once conventional position as a 'cause' of the Reformation.Powerful and persuasive, The Lollards is essential reading for anyone interested in the movement's relationship to Wyclif's teachings, its social and geographical distribution, its political significance, and its impact on the English Reformation.
Nazi Germany (European History in Perspective)
by Tim KirkHitler's 'thousand-year Reich' lasted barely longer than twelve brief and inglorious years, and yet had an impact on millions of ordinary lives scarcely comparable with any other episode in modern European history. Nazi Germany examines the origins and development of Nazism, the establishment of the dictatorship and the impact on Germany's economy, society and culture of the regime's single-minded drive towards war and genocide. The view from above, reflected in the movement's ideology, policy and legislation is complemented by the many, often conflicting, views from below, as described in the reports smuggled out of Germany by Socialist dissidents or overheard by the regime's spies and policemen. Tim Kirk depicts a society divided, where most were initially wary of Hitler and sceptical about his party and its promises, and where even enthusiastic admirers quickly became disgruntled; but where the majority complied and few were inclined to oppose or resist the regime, or its brutalities, until disillusionment set in and the prospect of defeat was imminent.Approachable and authoritative, this is an essential introduction to one of the most significant periods in German, and modern European, history.
Misogyny in the Western Philosophical Tradition: A Reader
by B. ClackThe Devil's gateway' (Tertullian); 'Big children their whole life long' (Schopenhauer); 'The misbegotten male' (Aquinas). Such understandings of women are shocking, not least because they come from the great minds responsible for the formation of the western intellectual tradition. In this collection, the roots of philosophical misogyny are explored and exposed. At times disturbing, at times funny, this anthology comprises a variety of texts. Lesser-known authors such as Otto Weininger and Oswald Spengler are placed alongside well-known pieces from Plato, The Malleus Maleficarum , Schopenhauer and Nietzsche. As such, this is an important addition to the collection of those interested in exploring the relationship between women and society, women and the academy.
History of Germany (Macmillan Essential Histories)
by Peter WendeEven a brief glance at the maps of what has, or might have, been called Germany through the ages reveals a kaleidoscope of alterations in shape and composition. Though there are elements of continuity, the history of Germany has been the history of nearly constant change.In this concise introduction to Germany's fascinating past, Peter Wende provides an approachable historical interpretation of the key periods and turning points from Roman times to the present. Wende shows that, throughout the course of 2000 years, German history is actually the history of many Germanies, and that it can be written neither just as the history of a region nor of a political, ethnic or cultural formation. Focussing on key points in Germany's political, social and economic development, this guide is ideal for all those with an interest in the complex and compelling history of one of Europe's main nation-states.
The Mill on the Floss and Silas Marner (New Casebooks)
by Nahem Yousaf Andrew MaunderThis New Casebook explores the enduring significance of George Eliot's novels The Mill on the Floss (1860) and Silas Marner (1861). Eliot's radical cultural politics and the arrestingly original fictional strategies that characterise two of her most popular novels are explored from a variety of perspectives - feminist, historicist, structuralist and psychoanalytic.
Britain and the Origins of the First World War (The Making of the Twentieth Century)
by Zara Steiner Keith NeilsonHow and why did Britain become involved in the First World War? Taking into account the scholarship of the last twenty-five years, this second edition of Zara S. Steiner's classic study, thoroughly revised with Keith Neilson, explores a subject which is as highly contentious as ever.While retaining the basic argument that Britain went to war in 1914 not as a result of internal pressures but as a response to external events, Steiner and Neilson reject recent arguments that Britain became involved because of fears of an 'invented' German menace, or to defend her Empire. Instead, placing greater emphasis than before on the role of Russia, the authors convincingly argue that Britain entered the war in order to preserve the European balance of power and the nation's favourable position within it.Lucid and comprehensive, Britain and the Origins of the First World War brings together the bureaucratic, diplomatic, economic, strategical and ideological factors that led to Britain's entry into the Great War, and remains the most complete survey of the pre-war situation.
The American Civil War (American History in Depth)
by Adam I. SmithThe American Civil War was by far the bloodiest conflict in American history. Arising out of a political crisis over the expansion of slavery, the war set the stage for the emergence of the modern American nation-state. This new interpretation of one of the most mythologized events in modern history combines narrative with analysis and an up-to-date assessment of the state of Civil War scholarship. The American Civil War:- emphasizes the importance of Northern public opinion in shaping the meaning and outcome of the crisis- argues that the war exposed deep social and political divisions within, as well as between, North and South- explores the experiences of ordinary soldiers and civilians, and the political and cultural context in which they lived- sets this distinctively American crisis over slavery and nationhood in the wider context of the nineteenth-century world.Concise and authoritative, this is an indispensable introduction to a critical period in modern American history.
Causes, Course and Outcomes of World War Two (Histories and Controversies)
by John PlowrightIn the longer perspective, even the most momentous events can appear to lose coherence and significance. However, such was the impact of World War Two that even more than sixty years after its end, interest in the origins, course and consequences of the war continues to increase and generate debate.In this essential introductory guide, John Plowright casts a critical eye over the mass of literature that surrounds the conflict, focusing on key topics such as:- Nazi foreign policy and appeasement- the Fall of France- Operation Barbarossa and the Allied strategic bombing offensive- the impact of the war on Britain's international position and on American society- the movement towards European integration.This timely book provides an approachable synthesis of the scholarship relating to the causes, course and outcomes of the Second World War. It is ideal for all those in danger of drowning in the ocean of print on the subject and who wish to gain an understanding of the central issues and debates.
Women In Dark Age And Early Medieval Europe c.500-1200 (European Culture and Society)
by Helen JewellThe period 1200-1550 opened in a time of population expansion but went on to suffer the demographically cataclysmic effects of the plague, beginning with the Black Death of 1347-51. The period dawned with a confident papacy and the Albigensian crusade against heretics and ended with the Catholic church torn apart by the Protestant Reformation. Huge challenges were affecting society in various ways, but they did not always affect men and women in the same ways.Helen M. Jewell provides a lively survey of western European women's activities and experiences during this timeframe. The core chapters investigate:- the function of women in the countryside and towns- the role of women in the ruling and landholding classes- women within the context of religion.This practical centre of the book is embedded in an analysis of the gender theories inherited from the earlier Middle Ages which continued to underpin laws which restricted women's activity, an education system which offered them inferior institutional provision, and a church which denied them ministry. Three individuals who vastly exceeded these expectations, crashing through the 'glass ceilings' of their day, are brought together in a fascinating final chapter.Combining a historiographical survey of trends over the last thirty years with more recent scholarship, this is as indispensable introduction for anyone with an interest in women's history from the late Medieval period through to the Reformation.
Sources of the Holocaust (Documents in History)
by Steve HochstadtThe Holocaust was the central event of the twentieth century. How can we understand the Nazi drive to murder millions of people, or the determination of concentration camp prisoners to survive? In this new collection of original documents and sources, Steve Hochstadt brings the reader into direct contact with the Holocaust's human participants. The words of Nazi leaders and common soldiers, SS doctors and European collaborators show how and why they became involved in mass murder, while those of the victims help us to imagine their torments.Sources of the Holocaust moves from the origins of Christian anti-Semitism to today's controversies over restitution to reveal the ideas that made the Holocaust possible, the detailed Nazi plans to destroy human lives, and the ability of those targeted to mount resistance. Hochstadt's authoritative commentaries on each source, based on the latest research, describe the people who produced these documents, and provide a full history of the Holocaust. At the same time, Hochstadt offers fresh ideas on major perpetrators, the significance of resistance, and the meaning of the word 'Holocaust'.Both shocking and compelling, this volume of authentic accounts of Holocaust experiences offers new insights into one of the most terrible episodes in human history.
Dialectics and Deconstruction in Political Economy
by R. AlbrittonRobert Albritton offers the most authoritative reassessment of Marxist political economy since Althusser. Original reinterpretations of thinkers including Hegel, Weber, Althusser, Derrida and Adorno cast new light on heated battles between Hegelian dialectics and deconstructivist criticism. The book makes accessible the sometimes daunting thought associated with both dialectics and deconstruction drawing upon insights from philosophy, sociology, political science and critical theory. Finding a non-essentialist way of using the immense cognitive power of dialectics - accepting a limited deconstruction but challenging further deconstructionist directions - represents a major breakthrough for political economy.
Science in Europe, 1500-1800: A Primary Sources Reader
by Malcolm OsterThe period from Copernicus to Newton witnessed a Scientific Revolution which eventually led to modern science and both built upon and sharply challenged the earlier natural philosophies of the classical world. Science in Europe, 1500-1800: A Primary Sources Readeroffers a fascinating picture of the world of the scientific revolution through the eyes of those involved. This selection of primary sources is geographically inclusive, including often-neglected areas such as Spain, Scandinavia and central-eastern Europe, and thematically wide-ranging, illustrating early modern Europe's interplay of social, cultural and intellectual traditions.A key resource for all students and teachers of the history of science, Malcolm Oster's masterly collection offers an introduction to the conceptual and institutional foundations of modern science.This volume can be used alongside or independently of its companion volume, Science in Europe: 1500-1800: A Secondary Sources Reader (also edited by Malcolm Oster).
The French Fifth Republic at Fifty: Beyond Stereotypes (PDF) (French Politics, Society and Culture)
by Sylvain BrouardThis book addresses essential questions about the determinants and dynamics of the French political system over the long haul. Beyond 'French exceptionalism', this long term perspective allows for the mapping of key institutions of the Fifth Republic both in terms of their evolution and the complex interplay between institutions and politics.