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Carbon Capture and its Storage: An Integrated Assessment
by Clair GoughClimate change is arguably the most important environmental issue that the world currently faces. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) offers the possibility of significant reductions in the volume of CO2 released into the atmosphere in the near to medium term. As a fairly new technology that has not been widely adopted, there remain some uncertainties related to both viability and desirability. This book discusses the key issues with regard to technical and legal feasibility, economic viability and public and stakeholder perceptions. It also provides recommendations for policy and future research.
Carbon Capture and its Storage: An Integrated Assessment
by Clair GoughClimate change is arguably the most important environmental issue that the world currently faces. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) offers the possibility of significant reductions in the volume of CO2 released into the atmosphere in the near to medium term. As a fairly new technology that has not been widely adopted, there remain some uncertainties related to both viability and desirability. This book discusses the key issues with regard to technical and legal feasibility, economic viability and public and stakeholder perceptions. It also provides recommendations for policy and future research.
Carbon Capture and Storage: Emerging Legal and Regulatory Issues
by Ian Havercroft Richard Macrory Richard StewartCarbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is increasingly viewed as one of the most significant ways of dealing with greenhouse gas emissions. Critical to realising its potential will be the design of effective legal regimes at national and international level that can handle the challenges raised but without stifling a new technology of potential great public benefit. These include: long-term liability for storage; regulation of transport; the treatment of stored carbon under emissions trading regimes; issues of property ownership; and, increasingly, the sensitivities of handling the public engagement and perception. Following its publication in 2011, Carbon Capture and Storage quickly became required reading for all those interested in, or engaged by, the need to implement regulatory approaches to CCS. The intervening years have seen significant developments globally. Earlier legislative models are now in force, providing important lessons for future legal design. Despite these developments, the growth of the technology has been slower in some jurisdictions than others. This timely new edition will update and critically assess these updates and provide context for the development of CCS in 2018 and beyond.
Carbon Capture and Storage: Emerging Legal and Regulatory Issues
by Ian Havercroft Richard Macrory Richard StewartCarbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is increasingly viewed as one of the most significant ways of dealing with greenhouse gas emissions. Critical to realising its potential will be the design of effective legal regimes at national and international level that can handle the challenges raised but without stifling a new technology of potential great public benefit. These include: long-term liability for storage; regulation of transport; the treatment of stored carbon under emissions trading regimes; issues of property ownership; and, increasingly, the sensitivities of handling the public engagement and perception. Following its publication in 2011, Carbon Capture and Storage quickly became required reading for all those interested in, or engaged by, the need to implement regulatory approaches to CCS. The intervening years have seen significant developments globally. Earlier legislative models are now in force, providing important lessons for future legal design. Despite these developments, the growth of the technology has been slower in some jurisdictions than others. This timely new edition will update and critically assess these updates and provide context for the development of CCS in 2018 and beyond.
Carbon Capture and Storage in the United Kingdom: History, Policies and Politics (Routledge Focus on Energy Studies)
by Marc HudsonThis book is a concise but comprehensive guide to the history, present and possible futures of carbon capture and storage policy and action in the United Kingdom (UK).There have been multiple failed starts, promises and “last chances” for carbon capture and storage (CCS) in Europe, North America, China and Australia, but thus far it has repeatedly collided with the political and economic realities that the technology is too expensive and complicated to gain and keep policymakers’ support. However, in the UK that might be changing, with explicit government support for CCS to help decarbonise industry. Set within the broader context of global interest in CCS, this book first outlines the technologies involved in the types of capture technology, transport options and storage options in the UK. It then briefly introduces an overarching policy analysis framework (John Kingdon’s multiple streams approach) and uses it to give an account of the long history of CCS interest and efforts in three chapters covering the 1970s to 2002, 2003 to 2015 and 2016 to the present day. Marc Hudson focusses on the various arguments made for the introduction of CCS, and the slowly shifting coalitions of actors who make those arguments, while contrasting these with the perspectives of those opposed to CCS.This book will be of great interest to students, scholars and policymakers researching and working in the field, as well as the related areas of energy policy, energy transitions and climate change.
Carbon Capture and Storage in the United Kingdom: History, Policies and Politics (Routledge Focus on Energy Studies)
by Marc HudsonThis book is a concise but comprehensive guide to the history, present and possible futures of carbon capture and storage policy and action in the United Kingdom (UK).There have been multiple failed starts, promises and “last chances” for carbon capture and storage (CCS) in Europe, North America, China and Australia, but thus far it has repeatedly collided with the political and economic realities that the technology is too expensive and complicated to gain and keep policymakers’ support. However, in the UK that might be changing, with explicit government support for CCS to help decarbonise industry. Set within the broader context of global interest in CCS, this book first outlines the technologies involved in the types of capture technology, transport options and storage options in the UK. It then briefly introduces an overarching policy analysis framework (John Kingdon’s multiple streams approach) and uses it to give an account of the long history of CCS interest and efforts in three chapters covering the 1970s to 2002, 2003 to 2015 and 2016 to the present day. Marc Hudson focusses on the various arguments made for the introduction of CCS, and the slowly shifting coalitions of actors who make those arguments, while contrasting these with the perspectives of those opposed to CCS.This book will be of great interest to students, scholars and policymakers researching and working in the field, as well as the related areas of energy policy, energy transitions and climate change.
The Carbon Chain in Carbon Dioxide Industrial Utilization Technologies: A Case Study
by Dariusz Wawrzy 324 Czak Izabela Majchrzak-Kucę Ba Covadonga Pevida Giuseppe Bonura Rita Nogueira Marcello De FalcoA shift towards implementation of renewable energy has disadvantages, such as power availability, storage capacity, and accompanying costs, and therefore the potential of clean fossil fuel technologies to ensure the stability of electricity generation needs to be reconsidered until these challenges will be overcome. These clean technologies can help prevent the greenhouse effect and, at the same time, guarantee energy security, as coal is a widespread, price-stable raw material that is available in large quantities. This book focuses on the carbon chain, starting from the formation of CO2, through its capture, possible cleaning, to the production of useful products such as dimethylether, methanol, and carbonated cement prefabricates. The comprehensive case study presents the research results of an international team established within the "CCS-CCU technology for carbon footprint reduction using bio-adsorbents" (BIOCO2) project.
The Carbon Chain in Carbon Dioxide Industrial Utilization Technologies: A Case Study
by Dariusz WawrzyńczakA shift towards implementation of renewable energy has disadvantages, such as power availability, storage capacity, and accompanying costs, and therefore the potential of clean fossil fuel technologies to ensure the stability of electricity generation needs to be reconsidered until these challenges will be overcome. These clean technologies can help prevent the greenhouse effect and, at the same time, guarantee energy security, as coal is a widespread, price-stable raw material that is available in large quantities. This book focuses on the carbon chain, starting from the formation of CO2, through its capture, possible cleaning, to the production of useful products such as dimethylether, methanol, and carbonated cement prefabricates. The comprehensive case study presents the research results of an international team established within the "CCS-CCU technology for carbon footprint reduction using bio-adsorbents" (BIOCO2) project.
The Carbon Code: How You Can Become a Climate Change Hero
by Brett FavaroOur world is getting hotter, and it’s our fault. Our addiction to fossil fuels is destroying not only our ancient planet, but our modern civilization. How can we protect our fragile ecosystems while preserving our way of life? How can we respond to climate change deniers who mock the fact that environmental activists use fossil fuels? In short, how can your average concerned citizen live a normal life in a carbon-based economy without being justifiably called a hypocrite? In The Carbon Code, conservation biologist Brett Favaro answers these thorny questions, offering simple strategies to help you reduce your carbon footprintâ€�without abandoning common sense.Favaro’s Carbon Code of Conduct is based on the four Rs: Reduce, Replace, Refine, and Rehabilitate. After outlining the scientific basics of climate change and explaining the logic of the code he prescribes, the author describes carbon-friendly technologies and behaviors we can adopt in our daily lives. However, he acknowledges that individual action, while vital, is insufficient. To achieve global sustainability, he insists that we must make the fight against climate change "go viral" through conspicuous conservation.The Carbon Code is a tool of empowerment. People don’t need to be climate change experts to be part of the solution! In this book, Brett Favaro shows you how to take ownership of your carbon footprint and adopt a lifestyle of conspicuous conservation that will spur governments and corporations to do the same. Climate-friendly action is the best decision on every dimensionâ€�economics, health and well-being, and social justice. Saving the planet is, after all, about saving ourselves. The Carbon Code provides a framework to do this, and helps you to become a hero in the fight against climate change.
The Carbon Code: How You Can Become a Climate Change Hero
by Brett FavaroOur world is getting hotter, and it’s our fault. Our addiction to fossil fuels is destroying not only our ancient planet, but our modern civilization. How can we protect our fragile ecosystems while preserving our way of life? How can we respond to climate change deniers who mock the fact that environmental activists use fossil fuels? In short, how can your average concerned citizen live a normal life in a carbon-based economy without being justifiably called a hypocrite? In The Carbon Code, conservation biologist Brett Favaro answers these thorny questions, offering simple strategies to help you reduce your carbon footprintâ€�without abandoning common sense.Favaro’s Carbon Code of Conduct is based on the four Rs: Reduce, Replace, Refine, and Rehabilitate. After outlining the scientific basics of climate change and explaining the logic of the code he prescribes, the author describes carbon-friendly technologies and behaviors we can adopt in our daily lives. However, he acknowledges that individual action, while vital, is insufficient. To achieve global sustainability, he insists that we must make the fight against climate change "go viral" through conspicuous conservation.The Carbon Code is a tool of empowerment. People don’t need to be climate change experts to be part of the solution! In this book, Brett Favaro shows you how to take ownership of your carbon footprint and adopt a lifestyle of conspicuous conservation that will spur governments and corporations to do the same. Climate-friendly action is the best decision on every dimensionâ€�economics, health and well-being, and social justice. Saving the planet is, after all, about saving ourselves. The Carbon Code provides a framework to do this, and helps you to become a hero in the fight against climate change.
Carbon colonialism: How rich countries export climate breakdown (G - Reference,information And Interdisciplinary Subjects Ser.)
by Laurie ParsonsAround the world, leading economies are announcing significant progress on climate change. World leaders are queuing up to proclaim their commitment to tackling the climate crisis, pointing to data that shows the progress they have made. Yet the atmosphere is still warming at a record rate, with devastating effects on poverty and precarity in the world’s most vulnerable communities. Are we being deceived?Climate change is devastating the planet, and globalisation is hiding it. This book opens our eyes. Carbon colonialism explores the murky practices of outsourcing a country’s environmental impact, where emissions and waste are exported from rich countries to poorer ones; a world in which corporations and countries are allowed to maintain a clean, green image while landfills in the world’s poorest countries continue to expand, and droughts and floods intensify under the auspices of globalisation, deregulation and economic growth. Taking a wide-ranging, culturally engaged approach to the topic, the book shows how this is not only a technical problem, but a problem of cultural and political systems and structures – from nationalism to economic logic – deeply embedded in our society.
Carbon colonialism: How rich countries export climate breakdown
by Laurie ParsonsAround the world, leading economies are announcing significant progress on climate change. World leaders are queuing up to proclaim their commitment to tackling the climate crisis, pointing to data that shows the progress they have made. Yet the atmosphere is still warming at a record rate, with devastating effects on poverty and precarity in the world’s most vulnerable communities. Are we being deceived?Climate change is devastating the planet, and globalisation is hiding it. This book opens our eyes. Carbon colonialism explores the murky practices of outsourcing a country’s environmental impact, where emissions and waste are exported from rich countries to poorer ones; a world in which corporations and countries are allowed to maintain a clean, green image while landfills in the world’s poorest countries continue to expand, and droughts and floods intensify under the auspices of globalisation, deregulation and economic growth. Taking a wide-ranging, culturally engaged approach to the topic, the book shows how this is not only a technical problem, but a problem of cultural and political systems and structures – from nationalism to economic logic – deeply embedded in our society.
Carbon Conflicts and Forest Landscapes in Africa (Pathways to Sustainability)
by Melissa Leach Ian ScoonesAmidst the pressing challenges of global climate change, the last decade has seen a wave of forest carbon projects across the world, designed to conserve and enhance forest carbon stocks in order to reduce carbon emissions from deforestation and offset emissions elsewhere. Exploring a set of new empirical case studies, Carbon Conflicts and Forest Landscapes in Africa examines how these projects are unfolding, their effects, and who is gaining and losing. Situating forest carbon approaches as part of more general moves to address environmental problems by attaching market values to nature and ecosystems, it examines how new projects interact with forest landscapes and their longer histories of intervention. The book asks: what difference does carbon make? What political and ecological dynamics are unleashed by these new commodified, marketized approaches, and how are local forest users experiencing and responding to them? The book’s case studies cover a wide range of African ecologies, project types and national political-economic contexts. By examining these cases in a comparative framework and within an understanding of the national, regional and global institutional arrangements shaping forest carbon commoditisation, the book provides a rich and compelling account of how and why carbon conflicts are emerging, and how they might be avoided in future. This book will be of interest to students of development studies, environmental sciences, geography, economics, development studies and anthropology, as well as practitioners and policy makers.
Carbon Conflicts and Forest Landscapes in Africa (Pathways to Sustainability)
by Melissa Leach Ian ScoonesAmidst the pressing challenges of global climate change, the last decade has seen a wave of forest carbon projects across the world, designed to conserve and enhance forest carbon stocks in order to reduce carbon emissions from deforestation and offset emissions elsewhere. Exploring a set of new empirical case studies, Carbon Conflicts and Forest Landscapes in Africa examines how these projects are unfolding, their effects, and who is gaining and losing. Situating forest carbon approaches as part of more general moves to address environmental problems by attaching market values to nature and ecosystems, it examines how new projects interact with forest landscapes and their longer histories of intervention. The book asks: what difference does carbon make? What political and ecological dynamics are unleashed by these new commodified, marketized approaches, and how are local forest users experiencing and responding to them? The book’s case studies cover a wide range of African ecologies, project types and national political-economic contexts. By examining these cases in a comparative framework and within an understanding of the national, regional and global institutional arrangements shaping forest carbon commoditisation, the book provides a rich and compelling account of how and why carbon conflicts are emerging, and how they might be avoided in future. This book will be of interest to students of development studies, environmental sciences, geography, economics, development studies and anthropology, as well as practitioners and policy makers.
Carbon Counter: Calculate Your Carbon Footprint (Collins Gem)
by Mark LynasWhat effect are you having on the environment? If you buy Kenyan green beans what is the CO2 cost? What about your journey to work, your fridge or your clothes? The Gem Carbon Counter is your portable instant green reckoner.
Carbon Cycle in the Changing Arid Land of China: Yanqi Basin and Bosten Lake (Springer Earth System Sciences)
by Xiujun Wang Zhitong Yu Jiaping Wang Juan ZhangThis book integrates the analyses of organic carbon and carbonate accumulation in soil and lake sediment in a typical arid region of China that has experienced significant climate and land-use changes.It demonstrates that carbonate accumulation greatly exceeds organic carbon in both soil and sediment. It also shows that intensive cropping with sound land management in the arid land not only increases soil organic carbon stock, but also enhances accumulation of soil carbonate, particularly in subsoils. Carbon accumulation in the lake sediment increased between 1950 and 2000, after which it declined, and the authors explore how human activity and climate change may have caused the changes in carbon burial in the lake sediment.This book is of interest to researchers in a number of fields such as soil science, limnology and global change, as well as to the policy-makers.
Carbon Cycling in the Glacial Ocean: Quantitative Approaches in Paleoceanography (Nato ASI Subseries I: #17)
by Rainer Zahn Thomas F. Pedersen Michael A. Kaminski Laurent LabeyrieA comprehensive progress report on the multi-disciplinary field of ocean and climate change research is given. It compiles introductory background papers and leading scientific results on the ocean-atmosphere carbon cycle with emphasis on the ocean's carbon inventory and the various components involved. The relationship between plankton productivity, carbon fixation, oceanic PCO2 and climate change is investigated from the viewpoint of long-term climatic change during the late Quaternary cycles of ice ages and warm ages. The various approaches range from micropaleontology over organic and trace element geochemistry to molecular isotope geochemistry.
The Carbon Diaries 2015: Book 1 (Carbon Diaries)
by Saci LloydIt's January 1st, 2015, and the UK is the first nation to introduce carbon dioxide rationing, in a drastic bid to combat climate change. As her family spirals out of control, Laura Brown chronicles the first year of rationing with scathing abandon. Will her mother become one with her inner wolf? Will her sister give up her weekends in Ibiza? Does her father love the pig more than her? Can her band The Dirty Angels make it big? And will Ravi Datta ever notice her? In these dark days, Laura deals with the issues that really matter: love, floods and pigs. The Carbon Diaries 2015 is one girl's drastic bid to stay sane in a world unravelling at the seams.
The Carbon Diaries 2017: Book 2
by Saci LloydIt's over a year since her last diary and Laura Brown is now in her first year of university in London, a city still struggling to pull itself together in the new rationing era. Laura's right in the heart of it; her band, the dirty angels, are gigging all over town until a police crackdown on rioting students forces them out of the city. After a brief exile on her parents' farm, the angels set off in a battered VW bus on a tour of Europe with the fabulous Tiny Chainsaws in the Distance.The tour soon unravels, however, in an increasingly dramatic sequence of events that include drought in Europe and Africa, a tidal-wave of desperate immigrants, a water war in the Middle East and a city-wide face off with the army in London. Not to mention infidelity, betrayal, friendship, love and massive courage.How long can Laura distance herself from the struggle? And more importantly, how can she keep her style and hope alive in a world on the edge of madness?
Carbon Dioxide Capture: An Effective Way to Combat Global Warming (SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science)
by Anne Elise Creamer Bin GaoThis topical brief summarizes the various options available for carbon capture and presents the current strategies involved in CO2 reduction. The authors focus on current CO2 capture technologies that facilitate the reduction of greenhouse gas (CO2) emissions and reduce global warming. This short study will interest environmental researchers, teachers and students who have an interest in global warming.
Carbon Emissions Trading in China: Law, Policy and Mechanisms (Elgar Studies in Climate Law)
by Qin Tianbao Zhang MengEmissions Trading Systems (ETS) have been hailed as a game changer for the evolving climate crisis. This book provides an in-depth analysis of China’s carbon ETS, including its legal and policy frameworks, carbon market mechanisms, and international and comparative implications.With nine cutting-edge topics divided into three thematic parts, this comprehensive book probes the essential concepts, contemporary research, and key elements of carbon emissions trading in China. Multidisciplinary in scope, the book draws on insights from law, policy, economics, environmental management, and geopolitics, to provide a comprehensive and nuanced analysis of the development of carbon emissions trading in China. Placing China’s carbon ETS within the broader context of international efforts to address climate change, it provides a comparative perspective with international value.This book will be an essential resource for scholars and researchers of international and comparative climate law and policy, environmental management, economics, and climate politics. It will prove an indispensable guide for students of Chinese law, climate law, environmental policy, and comparative environmental law. Practitioners, policymakers, and government officials working in climate governance seeking the state-of-the-art of the development of ETS in China will also benefit greatly from its insights.
The Carbon Farming Solution: A Global Toolkit of Perennial Crops and Regenerative Agriculture Practices for Climate Change Mitigation and Food Security
by Eric Toensmeier Dr Hans HerrenWith carbon farming, agriculture ceases to be part of the climate problem and becomes a critical part of the solution Agriculture is rightly blamed as a major culprit of our climate crisis. But in this groundbreaking new book, Eric Toensmeier argues that agriculture—specifically, the subset of practices known as “carbon farming”—can, and should be, a linchpin of a global climate solutions platform. Carbon farming is a suite of agricultural practices and crops that sequester carbon in the soil and in above-ground biomass. Combined with a massive reduction in fossil fuel emissions—and in concert with adaptation strategies to our changing environment— carbon farming has the potential to bring us back from the brink of disaster and return our atmosphere to the “magic number” of 350 parts per million of carbon dioxide. Toensmeier’s book is the first to bring together these powerful strategies in one place, including in-depth analysis of the available research and, where research is lacking, a discussion of what it will take to get us there. Carbon farming can take many forms. The simplest practices involve modifications to annual crop production. Although many of these modifications have relatively low sequestration potential, they are widely applicable and easily adopted, and thus have excellent potential to mitigate climate change if practiced on a global scale. Likewise, grazing systems such as silvopasture are easily replicable, don’t require significant changes to human diet, and—given the amount of agricultural land worldwide that is devoted to pasture—can be important strategies in the carbon farming arsenal. But by far, agroforestry practices and perennial crops present the best opportunities for sequestration. While many of these systems are challenging to establish and manage, and would require us to change our diets to new and largely unfamiliar perennial crops, they also offer huge potential that has been almost entirely ignored by climate crusaders. Many of these carbon farming practices are already implemented globally on a scale of millions of hectares. These are not minor or marginal efforts, but win-win solutions that provide food, fodder, and feedstocks while fostering community self-reliance, creating jobs, protecting biodiversity, and repairing degraded land—all while sequestering carbon, reducing emissions, and ultimately contributing to a climate that will remain amenable to human civilization. Just as importantly to a livable future, these crops and practices can contribute to broader social goals such as women’s empowerment, food sovereignty, and climate justice. The Carbon Farming Solution does not present a prescription for how cropland should be used and is not, first and foremost, a how-to manual, although following up on references in a given section will frequently provide such information. Instead, The Carbon Farming Solution is—at its root—a toolkit. It is the most complete collection of climate-friendly crops and practices currently available. With this toolkit, farmers, communities, and governments large and small, can successfully launch carbon farming projects with the most appropriate crops and practices to their climate, locale, and socioeconomic needs. Toensmeier’s ultimate goal is to place carbon farming firmly in the center of the climate solutions platform, alongside clean solar and wind energy. With The Carbon Farming Solution, Toensmeier wants to change the discussion, impact policy decisions, and steer mitigation funds to the research, projects, and people around the world who envision a future where agriculture becomes the protagonist in this fraught, urgent, and unprecedented drama of our time. Citizens, farmers, and funders will be inspired to use the tools presented in this important new book to transform degraded lands around the world into productive carbon-storing landscapes.
Carbon Fibre from Lignin (SpringerBriefs in Materials)
by Pratima BajpaiThis book presents detailed information on the production and properties of carbon fibers derived from lignin precursors. Focusing on future directions in the carbon fiber industry, it also introduces a novel process for obtaining high-purity lignin, a key aspect in the manufacture of high-quality carbon fiber. Carbon fiber is currently the most preferred lightweight manufacturing material and is rapidly becoming the material of choice for manufacturers around the world. Although more than 80% of commercial carbon fiber is estimated to use PAN (polyacrylonitrile) as a precursor, carbon fiber manufactured from PAN is expensive and therefore its application is limited to high-performance structural materials. Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer in nature after cellulose and offers a carbon-rich, renewable resource. As a byproduct of the pulp and paper industry and the production of cellulosic ethanol, lignin is also available at low cost, making it an economically attractive alternative to PAN for the production of carbon fibers, as highlighted in this book. The information presented will be of interest to all those involved in the investigation of carbon fiber materials, carbon fiber manufacturers and carbon fiber users.
Carbon Footprint Analysis: Concepts, Methods, Implementation, and Case Studies
by Matthew John Franchetti Defne ApulThe negative impacts of carbon emissions from human activities continue to dramatically reshape the environmental, political, and social landscape. These impacts coupled with cap and trade schemes iterate the importance and need to properly measure and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Carbon Footprint Analysis: Concepts, Methods, Implementation, an
The Carbon Footprint Handbook
by Subramanian Senthilkannan MuthuThorough and detailed, The Carbon Footprint Handbook encompasses all areas of carbon footprint, including the scientific elements, methodological and technological aspects, standards, industrial case studies, and communication of carbon footprint results. Written and edited by an international group of experts, the far-ranging topics on carbon foot