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Survival February–March 2021: A House Divided
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue:Steven Simon argues that despite the violent storming of the US Capitol, Republicans are inclined to commit to minority ruleIn a special forum, IISS researchers and three other experts consider whether NATO’s European members can defend themselves without US supportHanns W. Maull contends that the coronavirus pandemic has revealed deficiencies of global governance, and analyses their implications for the future of international orderChristopher W. Hughes, Alessio Patalano and Robert Ward examine Japan’s grand strategy and Abe Shinzo’s legacy And seven more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column.Editor: Dr Dana AllinManaging Editor: Jonathan StevensonAssociate Editor: Carolyn WestAssistant Editor: Jessica Watson
Survival: Global Politics and Strategy (February-March 2020): Deterring North Korea
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue:Nigel Gould-Davies assesses the impact of Western sanctions on Russia, arguing that they represent a major development in economic statecraft In a special colloquium on the North Korean nuclear threat, Jina Kim, John K. Warden, Adam Mount, Mira Rapp-Hooper, Vipin Narang, Ankit Panda, Ian Campbell and Michaela Dodge offer their ideas for deterring PyongyangAlexander Klimburg warns that CYBERCOM’s strategy of ‘persistent engagement’ is encouraging a cyber arms raceAnd eight more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular book reviews and noteworthy column
Survival June-July 2021: Ending Endless Wars?
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue:Anatol Lieven argues that the Taliban will remain the most powerful military and political force among the Pashtuns of AfghanistanLanxin Xiang contends that, following what he describes as Donald Trump’s racist China policy, the Biden administration must avoid casting China as an alien threatDani Filc and Sharon Pardo assess that right-wing populists in Israel and Europe have become ideological allies, harnessing ethnic nationalism against global IslamAlex J. Bellamy and Charles T. Hunt analyse the intricacies of the use of force to protect civilians in UN peacekeeping missions And seven more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column.Editor: Dr Dana AllinManaging Editor: Jonathan StevensonAssociate Editor: Carolyn WestAssistant Editor: Jessica Watson
Survival: June - July 2023
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment. In this issue Hannah Aries, Bastian Giegerich and Tim Lawrenson assess that Europe’s defence industry will struggle to meet increased production needs In 2007, the late Ronald Steel judged that while the Iraq War had weakened the United States, it would not profoundly affect US foreign policy (from the archive) Dana H. Allin reflects on Ronald Steel’s legacy and prospects for the ‘extended American Century’ Liana Fix argues that the West should formulate security guarantees for Ukraine in parallel with its counter-offensive Daniel Sobelman assesses that the Yemen-based Houthi rebel movement is emulating Hizbullah And seven more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column. Editor: Dr Dana Allin Managing Editor: Jonathan Stevenson Associate Editor: Carolyn West Editorial Assistant: Charlie Zawadzki
Survival: November 2023
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment. In this issue: Lawrence Freedman assesses Russia’s nuclear red line and how Vladimir Putin’s views compare to those of Russian pundits Steven Simon and Jonathan Stevenson explore the roots of Hamas’s attack on Israel on 7 October, and the options available to the United States for restraining the Israeli government Charlie Laderman assesses the similarities between December 1941 – when Germany and Japan, determining it to be inevitable, declared war on the US – and the ongoing geopolitical crises governments face today Sara Bjerg Moller reflects on NATO allies’ failure to deliver on national collective-defence targets as the Alliance approaches its 75th anniversary Lynn Kuok explores China’s reshaping of international law to achieve its strategic goals, and other countries’ failure to do so And seven more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column. Editor: Dr Dana Allin Managing Editor: Jonathan Stevenson Associate Editor: Carolyn West Editorial Assistant: Conor Hodges
Survival: October – November 2023
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment. In this issue: Nick Childs assesses the ambitions and perils of the AUKUS partnership for Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States Kimberly Marten explores how the demise of its key figures will affect future operations of the Wagner Group and similar Russian paramilitaries Steven Feldstein investigates the uses and risks of generative-AI systems From the Survival archives, the late Pierre Hassner interpreted Russia’s August 2008 attack on Georgia as signalling the emergence of a new cold war with the West Dana H. Allin reflects on the European vision advanced by members of a rapidly disappearing generation of scholars who had lived through war and sought to preserve and extend peace And eight more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column. Editor: Dr Dana Allin Managing Editor: Jonathan Stevenson Associate Editor: Carolyn West Editorial Assistant: Conor Hodges
Survival: October – November 2023
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment. In this issue: Nick Childs assesses the ambitions and perils of the AUKUS partnership for Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States Kimberly Marten explores how the demise of its key figures will affect future operations of the Wagner Group and similar Russian paramilitaries Steven Feldstein investigates the uses and risks of generative-AI systems From the Survival archives, the late Pierre Hassner interpreted Russia’s August 2008 attack on Georgia as signalling the emergence of a new cold war with the West Dana H. Allin reflects on the European vision advanced by members of a rapidly disappearing generation of scholars who had lived through war and sought to preserve and extend peace And eight more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column. Editor: Dr Dana Allin Managing Editor: Jonathan Stevenson Associate Editor: Carolyn West Editorial Assistant: Conor Hodges
Survival October-November 2020: Pandemics and politics
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue:Adam Roberts explores pandemics and politics through the ages, arguing that trust in leadership is essential in the struggle against infectious diseasesRebecca Barber and Sarah Teitt contend that ASEAN should take a more activist approach to the Rohingya crisis to salvage its credibilityGreg Austin assesses the strategic implications of China’s weak cyber defencesØystein Tunsjø casts doubt on the prospect of the Arctic becoming a theatre of great-power conflictAnd eight more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular book reviews and Noteworthy column.
Survival October-November 2021: The Limits of Power
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue:· Anatol Lieven argues that realist support for prudence and restraint in foreign policy does not equate to chauvinism, isolationism and opposition to international cooperation· Toby Dodge assesses that the United States’ attempt to comprehensively transform Afghanistan was based on its erroneous presumption that the liberal-peacebuilding model was universally applicable· Audrey Kurth Cronin contends that the logic of fighting terrorists far from the US homeland no longer holds, as the US faces resource constraints and rising domestic terrorism· Jens Ringsmose and Sten Rynning analyse the potential priorities and scope of NATO’s next Strategic Concept, and how it can bridge the Alliance’s political–military divideAnd eight more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column.Editor: Dr Dana AllinManaging Editor: Jonathan StevensonAssociate Editor: Carolyn WestAssistant Editor: Jessica Watson
Survival: October - November 2022
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment.In this issue:Marcus Willet argues that the Russia–Ukraine war reveals much about the nature of cyber warfare, including the battle for hearts and minds and the role of ‘vigilantes’Angela Stent contends that Putin badly misjudged how Germany would respond to the war in Ukraine in failing to anticipate that Olaf Scholz would provisionally jettison OstpolitikJude Blanchette and Evan S. Medeiros assess likely drivers and characteristics of Xi Jinping’s upcoming third term as Chinese leaderNicholas Crawford and David F. Gordon make the case that the green-energy transition is essential, despite new geopolitical risks caused by ‘greenflation’Nigel Gould-Davies examines the recent foreign-policy failures of Belarus and Russia and sets out three lessons for a post-war order in the regionAnd five more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column.
The Tangier Papers of Samuel Pepys
In 1683 Samuel Pepys accompanied George Legge, Lord Dartmouth, to Tangier as his secretary. During the voyage Pepys kept another brief diary and miscellaneous notes which contain valuable information about the navy. He recorded his concerns, as well as the views of the sea officers and others with him. Richard Leake, master gunner, was criticised by Pepys for not being able to hit the side of the target, and for not being able to get the charges correct to blow up the forts. He recorded that Captain David Lloyd, a sea officer, was also a painter with a good reputation.Pepys records his views about the merits of gentleman captains and their behaviour compared to ‘tarpaulin captains’. He also collected in these Papers every story he could, about the alleged immorality and corruptness of Arthur Herbert, the commander-in-chief of the English Mediterranean fleet, in order to discredit him with the king. Herbert had, in fact, returned to England before Pepys had arrived in Tangier. The source of the stories about Herbert’s behaviour, in the Tangier Papers, came from old friends of Pepys and Herbert’s enemies, and are not to be trusted, or accepted as a true account of what Herbert achieved; this can only be traced through Herbert’s own letters and the unpublished admiralty papers in the Public Record Office.
Terrorism in the Cold War: State Support in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Sphere of Influence
Accounts of the relationships between states and terrorist organizations in the Cold War era have long been shaped by speculation, a lack of primary sources and even conspiracy theories. In the last few years, however, things have evolved rapidly. Using a wide range of case studies including the KGB's Abduction Program, Polish Military Intelligence and North Korea's 'Terrorism and Counterterrorism', this book sheds new light on the relations between state and terrorist actors, allowing for a fresh and much more insightful assessment of the contacts, dealings, agreements and collusion with terrorist organizations undertaken by state actors on both sides of the Iron Curtain.This book presents the current state of research and provides an assessment of the nature, motives, effects, and major historical shifts of the relations between individual states and terrorist organizations. The articles collected demonstrate that these state-terrorism relationships were not only much more ambiguous than much of the older literature had suggested but are, in fact, crucial for the understanding of global political history in the Cold War era.
U.S. Military Operations: Law, Policy, and Practice
In U.S. Military Operations: Law, Policy, and Practice, a distinguished group of military experts comprehensively analyze how the law is applied during military operations on and off the battlefield. Subject matter experts offer a unique insiders perspective on how the law is actually implemented in a wide swath of military activities, such as how the law of war applies in the context of multi-state coalition forces, and whether non-governmental organizations involved in quasi-military operations are subject to the same law. The book goes on to consider whether U.S. Constitutional 4th Amendment protections apply to the military's cyber-defense measures, how the law guides targeting decisions, and whether United Nations mandates constitute binding rules of international humanitarian law. Other areas of focus include how the United States interacts with the International Committee of the Red Cross regarding its international legal obligations, and how courts should approach civil claims based on war-related torts. This book also answers questions regarding how the law of armed conflict applies to such extra-conflict acts as intercepting pirates and providing humanitarian relief to civilians in occupied territory.
Understanding U.S. Military Conflicts through Primary Sources [4 volumes]: [4 volumes]
An easily accessible resource that showcases the links between using documented primary sources and gaining a more nuanced understanding of military history.Primary source analysis is a valuable tool that teaches students how historians utilize documents and interpret evidence from the past. This four-volume reference traces key decisions in U.S. military history—from the Revolutionary War through the 21st-century conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq—by examining documents relating to military strategy and national policy judgments by U.S. military and political leaders.A comprehensive introductory essay provides readers with the context necessary to understand the relationship between diplomatic documents, military correspondence, and other documentation related to events that shaped warfare, diplomacy, and military strategy. Once the stage is set, the work covers 14 conflicts that are significant to U.S. history. Treatment of each of the conflicts begins with a historical overview followed by a chronology and approximately 30 primary source documents presented in chronological order. Each document is accompanied by a description and annotations and by an analysis that highlights its importance to the event or topic under discussion. Designed for secondary school and college students, the work will be exceptionally valuable to teachers who will appreciate the ready-made lessons that fit directly into core curriculum standards.
The Vietnam War (Problems in Focus: Manchester)
Whether viewed as a proxy encounter in the Cold War or as one of the last colonial wars, the conflict in Vietnam continues to attract enormous attention as one of the most divisive and traumatic events of the post-World War II period. For too long, the issues have tended to revolve almost exclusively around American culpability: the immolation of the US of an otherwise blameless region for reasons of incompetent Realpolitik (the view of one camp) or the terrible American sacrifice which blunted forever Communism's ability to expand into the rest of Asia (the view of the other).With the end of the Cold War, this old argument now seems rather stale, and this book is an attempt, using a wide, international range of contributors, to explain to students the wider meaning and effects of the Vietnam conflict. The essays will provide ideal teaching material and give a greater depth to our understanding of the war.
Vietnam War [2 volumes]: A Topical Exploration and Primary Source Collection [2 volumes]
This detailed two-volume set considers the Vietnam War, one of America's longest and bloodiest wars, from a topical perspective, addressing the main characters and key events of the war and supplying many relevant primary source documents.The Vietnam War not only claimed the lives of nearly 60,000 Americans and more than a million Vietnamese, but the prolonged conflict also resulted in a firestorm of protest at home that shook the foundations of the country and made U.S. citizens question the moral principles and motivations behind our foreign policy and military actions.Written in a very accessible style by recognized authorities on the war, Vietnam War: A Topical Exploration and Primary Source Collection provides students and general readers with a complete overview of the conflict in Vietnam—a broad topic that remains an important part of the American history and world history curriculum. Using a topical approach to cover all aspects of the war, the set enables students to see the complete picture of the conflict through its presentation of reference entries and documents arranged in cohesive, compelling chapters. Examples of the primary documents in the set include "Communist Party: Evaluation of the Tet Offensive" (1968) and President Richard Nixon's Speech on Vietnamization (1969). These primary sources are augmented by oral histories of soldiers who fought in the Tet Offensive. Additionally, maps and images in each section enhance the aesthetic appeal of the book and heighten students' understanding of the material. Readers will come away with both a strong comprehension of the Vietnam War as well as an appreciation for how significant this proxy conflict was as a lead-up event to the global Cold War.
The Vietnam War in Popular Culture [2 volumes]: The Influence of America's Most Controversial War on Everyday Life [2 volumes]
Covering many aspects of the Vietnam War that have not been addressed before, this book supplies new perspectives from academics as well as Vietnam veterans that explore how this key conflict of the 20th century has influenced everyday life and popular culture during the war as well as for the past 50 years.How did the experience of the Vietnam War change the United States, not just in the 1950s through the 1970s, but through to today? What role do popular music and movies play in how we think of the Vietnam War? How similar are the recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan—and now Syria—to the Vietnam War in terms of duration, cost, success and failure rates, and veteran issues? This two-volume set addresses these questions and many more, examining how the Vietnam War has been represented in media, music, and film, and how American popular culture changed because of the war.Accessibly written and appropriate for students and general readers, this work documents how the war that occurred on the other side of the globe in the jungles of Vietnam impacted everyday life in the United States and influenced various entertainment modes. It not only covers the impact of the counterculture revolution, popular music about Vietnam recorded while the war was being fought (and after), and films made immediately following the end of the war in the 1970s, but also draws connections to more modern events and popular culture expressions, such as films made in the aftermath of September 11, 2001. Attention is paid to the impact of social movements like the environmental movement and the civil rights movement and their relationships to the Vietnam War. The set will also highlight how the experiences and events of the Vietnam War are still impacting current generations through television shows such as Mad Men.
Voices of the Afghanistan War: Contemporary Accounts of Daily Life (Voices of an Era)
The War in Afghanistan was the longest military conflict in American history. In a diverse collection of primary documents, this book explores the evolving legacy of the war and its impact on the countless lives it changed forever. Following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the United States spent almost 20 years at war in Afghanistan until it officially withdrew its military forces in August 2021. As the longest war in American history, the War in Afghanistan cost trillions of dollars to sustain and claimed the lives of thousands of American soldiers and many more Afghan civilians. This book tells the story of the war from its varied perspectives, including documents from American and Afghan politicians, high-ranking military officers, and diplomats. The topics covered are even more diverse, ranging from the building and training of security forces and the use drones in modern warfare to the importance of education and the role of women in combat. What the editors lead readers to understand is that the peoples referred to as Afghans have little in common beyond the land itself-a simple, basic, and ultimately ignored reality at the heart of the U.S. invasion, occupation, and frustration in Afghanistan.
War and Religion [3 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of Faith and Conflict [3 volumes]
This three-volume reference provides a complete guide for readers investigating the crucial interplay between war and religion from ancient times until today, enabling a deeper understanding of the role of religious wars across cultures.Containing some 500 entries covering the interaction between war and religion from ancient times, the three-volume War and Religion: An Encyclopedia of Faith and Conflict provides students with an invaluable reference source for examining two of the most important phenomena impacting society today. This all-inclusive reference work will serve readers researching specific religious traditions, historical eras, wars, battles, or influential individuals across all time periods.The A–Z entries document ancient events and movements such as the First Crusade that began at the end of the 10th century as well as modern-day developments like ISIS and Al Qaeda. Subtopics throughout the encyclopedia include religious and military leaders or other key people, ideas, and weapons, and comprehensive examinations of each of the major religious traditions' views on war and violence are presented. The work also includes dozens of primary source documents—each introduced by a headnote—that enable readers to go directly to the source of information and better grasp its historical significance. The in-depth content of this set benefits high school and college students as well as scholars and general readers.
The War in American Culture: Society and Consciousness during World War II
The War in American Culture explores the role of World War II in the transformation of American social, cultural, and political life. World War II posed a crisis for American culture: to defeat the enemy, Americans had to unite across the class, racial and ethnic boundaries that had long divided them. Exploring government censorship of war photography, the revision of immigration laws, Hollywood moviemaking, swing music, and popular magazines, these essays reveal the creation of a new national identity that was pluralistic, but also controlled and sanitized. Concentrating on the home front and the impact of the war on the lives of ordinary Americans, the contributors give us a rich portrayal of family life, sexuality, cultural images, and working-class life in addition to detailed consideration of African Americans, Latinos, and women who lived through the unsettling and rapidly altered circumstances of wartime America.
Western Military Interventions After The Cold War: Evaluating the Wars of the West (Cass Military Studies)
This book offers an examination of the effectiveness of Western military interventions in the post-Cold War era. It constitutes a comprehensive, interdisciplinary analysis of the conditions, conduct and consequences of post-Cold War armed conflicts, in which Western states, acting as a multinational coalition, were engaged in a combat role as an intervening force, not as an impartial peacekeeper. The volume identifies and analyses the causes, justifications and goals of the interventions, as well as the results of such engagements. The main objective is to assess the effectiveness of the military actions of Western states in these armed conflicts. Apart from the chapters devoted to particular conflicts – such as the Gulf War, the Balkans, Afghanistan, Iraq and Libya – it also includes chapters in which experts summarise the legal, political, military and economic implications of all such Western-led interventions. As a result, the book helps us to understand why these military interventions happened, how they were executed and what the results were. Taking into account the impact of these military expeditions on global security, the book offers an explanation for some of the central questions concerning the current shape of international order and power distribution on a global scale. This book will be of much interest to students of military and strategic studies, conflict studies, foreign policy and International Relations.
Wicked Problems: The Ethics of Action for Peace, Rights, and Justice
The ethics of changemaking and peacebuilding may appear straightforward: advance dignity, promote well-being, minimize suffering. Sounds simple, right? Actually acting ethically when it really matters is rarely straightforward. If someone engaged in change-oriented work sets out to "do good," how should we prioritize and evaluate whose good counts? And, how ought we act once we have decided whose good counts? Practitioners frequently confront dilemmas where dire situations may demand some form of response, but each of the options may have undesirable consequences of one form or another. Dilemmas are not merely ordinary problems, they are wicked problems: that is to say, they are defined by circumstances that only allow for suboptimal outcomes and are based on profound and sometimes troubling trade-offs. Wicked Problems argues that the field of peacebuilding and conflict transformation needs a stronger and more practical sense of its ethical obligations. For example, it argues against posing false binaries between domestic and international issues and against viewing violence and conflict as equivalents. It holds strategic nonviolence up to critical scrutiny and shows that "do no harm" approaches may in fact do harm. The contributors include scholars, scholar practitioners in the field, and activists on the streets, and the chapters cover the role of violence in conflict; conflict and violence prevention and resolution; humanitarianism; community organizing and racial justice; social movements; human rights advocacy; transitional justice; political reconciliation; and peace education and pedagogy, among other topics. Drawing on the lived experiences and expertise of activists, educators, and researchers, Wicked Problems equips readers to ask--and answer--difficult questions about social change work.
Women Defying Hitler: Rescue and Resistance under the Nazis
This timely volume brings together an international team of leading scholars to explore the ways that women responded to situations of immense deprivation, need, and victimization under Hitler's dictatorship. Paying acute attention to the differences that gender made, Women Defying Hitler examines the forms of women's defiance, the impact these women had, and the moral and ethical dilemmas they faced. Several essays also address the special problems of the memory and historiography of women's history during World War II, and the book features standpoints of historians as well as the voices of survivors and their descendants. Notably, this book also serves as a guide for human behaviour under extremely difficult conditions. The book is relevant today for challenging discrimination against women and for its nuanced exploration of the conditions minorities face as outspoken protagonists of human rights issues and as resisters of discrimination. From this perspective the voices being empowered in this book are clear examples of the importance of protest by women in forcing a totalitarian regime to pause and reconsider its options for the moment. In revealing so, Women Defying Hitler ultimately foregrounds that women rescuers and resisters were and are of great continuing consequence.
Women in the American Civil War [2 volumes]: [2 volumes]
This fascinating work tells the untold story of the role of women in the Civil War, from battlefield to home front.Most Americans can name famous generals and notable battles from the Civil War. With rare exception, they know neither the women of that war nor their part in it. Yet, as this encyclopedia demonstrates, women played a critical role. The book's 400 A–Z entries focus on specific people, organizations, issues, and battles, and a dozen contextual essays provide detailed information about the social, political, and family issues that shaped women's lives during the Civil War era. Women in the American Civil War satisfies a growing interest in this topic. Readers will learn how the Civil War became a vehicle for expanding the role of women in society. Representing the work of more than 100 scholars, this book treats in depth all aspects of the previously untold story of women in the Civil War.
The World of the Civil War [2 volumes]: A Daily Life Encyclopedia [2 volumes] (Daily Life Encyclopedias)
Covering everything from the arts to food and drink, religion, social customs, and technology, this two-volume set provides an in-depth, accessible look at the social, cultural, economic, and political aspects of the American Civil War.The American Civil War caused dramatic changes in every aspect of life and society, affecting combatants and noncombatants at all levels of the socioeconomic scale. The World of the Civil War: A Daily Life Encyclopedia offers an accessible and reliable reference for the major topics that defined American life during the nation's most tumultuous era. Taking a blended approach to history, this book covers the military and political history of the era and examines the social and human experiences of the war, thereby offering a comprehensive look at the Civil War era's most significant events, people, places, and experiences.The thematic organization of this encyclopedia helps readers to more readily explore related topics. The subject matter explored in some 250 entries includes religious beliefs and practices; rites of passage; soldiers' lives and experiences; rural and urban life; social structure of the Civil War era—aristocrats, landowners, and slaves; men's and women's roles and responsibilities; holidays, festivals, and other celebrations; tools, machinery, and inventions; and justice and punishment. Readers will come away with an understanding of many aspects of daily life during the Civil War era and gain appreciation for the vast differences between life today and 150 years ago.