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Tourism Crises and Destination Recovery
by David BeirmanAs global tourism faces its greatest threat since World War II, the author draws on over 40 years of industry and academic experience to explore the core themes that underpin crises, their impact on the tourism industry and recovery. Focussing on this emerging issue in within the travel industry and academic tourism research, this author explores crisis management approaches from scholars, governments and tourism associations around the world. A dedicated chapter also covers the impact of Covid-19 on tourism industries and economies across the world and well as how nations from around the world responded to the global pandemic outbreak. The book is split by theme and features over 20 case studies, including 2020 Australian bush fires, 2019 Sri Lankan terror attack, SARS and Swine Flu, the collapse of Thomas Cook, the global and Greek financial crises and the threat to the Great Barrier Reef. Discussion questions and activities are included at the end of each chapter. Suitable reading for students on tourism and tourism crisis management modules.
Tourism Crisis and Disaster Management in the Asia-Pacific (CABI Series in Tourism Management Research)
by Ulrike Gretzel Catherine Catherine Jie Jie Ken Ken Dr Lori Pennington-Gray Birgit Birgit Vorawan Vorawan Jeremy Jeremy Scott Richardson Emily Emily Jing Bill Jing David Beirman Chin-Chin Chin-Chin Leanne WhiteThe Asia-Pacific area is notable as one of the fastest growing tourism regions and not surprisingly, tourism in this region has become the major driver of global tourism in general. Nonetheless, tourism industries in Asia Pacific has been challenged in recent years by a number of major crises and disasters including terrorism, outbreaks (e.g. SARS and Bird Flu), natural disasters (e.g. tsunamis, bushfires, flooding), and political crisis (e.g. protests and political instability).The aim of this book is to contribute to the understanding of crisis and disaster management generally, but with a specific focus on the Asia Pacific. With chapters contributed by international scholars and practitioners, this book discusses both the theoretical and practical approaches toward successful crisis and disaster management.
Tourism, Cultural Heritage and Urban Regeneration: Changing Spaces in Historical Places (The Urban Book Series)
by Nicholas Wise Takamitsu JimuraUrban regeneration is often regarded as the process of renewal or redevelopment of spaces and places. There is a need to look at tourism and urban regeneration with a particular focus on cultural heritage. Cultural heritage consists of tangible heritage (such as historic buildings) and intangible heritage (such as events). The wider need and impact for such work is that places plan for change to keep up with the shifts in demand in the global economy in order for places to maintain a competitive advantage. Moreover, places need to keep up with the pace of global change or they risk stagnation and decline as increased competition is resulting in increased opportunities and choice for consumers.Each chapter in this book explores a specific form of cultural heritage that is driving change in urban spaces. Intended for a wide readership, the book will appeal to students of urban studies, human geography, heritage studies and international tourism management, as well as experts conducting research in and across these areas.
Tourism, Culture and Heritage in a Smart Economy: Third International Conference IACuDiT, Athens 2016 (Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics)
by Vicky Katsoni Amitabh Upadhya Anastasia StratigeaThis book explores the ways in which information and communication technologies (ICTs) offer a powerful tool for the development of smart tourism. Numerous examples are presented from across the entire spectrum of cultural and heritage tourism, including art, innovations in museum interpretation and collections management, cross-cultural visions, gastronomy, film tourism, dark tourism, sports tourism, and wine tourism. Emphasis is placed on the importance of the smart destinations concept and a knowledge economy driven by innovation, creativity, and entrepreneurship. New modes of tourism management are described, and tourism products, services, and strategies for the stimulation of economic innovation and promotion of knowledge transfer are outlined. The potential of diverse emerging ICTs in this context is clearly explained, covering location-based services, internet of things, smart cities, mobile services, gamification, digital collections and the virtual visitor, social media, social networking, and augmented reality. The book is edited in collaboration with the International Association of Cultural and Digital Tourism (IACuDiT) and includes the proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cultural and Digital Tourism.
Tourism Demand Modelling and Forecasting
by Haiyan Haiyan Song S. F. WittThe phenomenal growth of both the world-wide tourism industry and academic interest in tourism over the last thirty years has generated great interest in tourism demand modelling and forecasting from both sectors. However, the tendency for researchers and practitioners engaged in quantitative causal tourism modelling and forecasting to run many regression equations and try to choose the 'best' model based on various parametric and non-parametric criteria has been widely criticised as failing to provide credible results. The aim of this book is to present the recent advances in econometric modelling methodology within the context of tourism demand analysis at a level that is accessible to non-specialists, and to illustrate these new developments with actual tourism applications. The book begins with an introduction to the fundamentals of tourism demand analysis, before addressing the problems of traditional tourism demand modelling and forecasting, i.e. data mining and spurious regression due to common trends in the time series. Three chapters explore the general-to-specific approach to tourism demand modelling and forecasting, including the use of autoregressive distributed lag processes, cointegration analysis and error correction models. The time varying parameter model together with the use of the Kalman filter as an estimation method is a useful tool for examining the effects of regime shifts on tourism demand elasticities: this is explored next. The panel data approach is introduced as a way of overcoming the problem of estimation and forecasting biases caused by insufficient time series data. The book concludes by evaluating the empirical forecasting performance of the various models and putting forward some general conclusions.
Tourism Demand Modelling and Forecasting: Modern Econometric Approaches (Advances In Tourism Research Ser.)
by Haiyan Song Stephen F. WittThe phenomenal growth of both the world-wide tourism industry and academic interest in tourism over the last thirty years has generated great interest in tourism demand modelling and forecasting from both sectors. However, the tendency for researchers and practitioners engaged in quantitative causal tourism modelling and forecasting to run many regression equations and try to choose the 'best' model based on various parametric and non-parametric criteria has been widely criticised as failing to provide credible results. The aim of this book is to present the recent advances in econometric modelling methodology within the context of tourism demand analysis at a level that is accessible to non-specialists, and to illustrate these new developments with actual tourism applications. The book begins with an introduction to the fundamentals of tourism demand analysis, before addressing the problems of traditional tourism demand modelling and forecasting, i.e. data mining and spurious regression due to common trends in the time series. Three chapters explore the general-to-specific approach to tourism demand modelling and forecasting, including the use of autoregressive distributed lag processes, cointegration analysis and error correction models. The time varying parameter model together with the use of the Kalman filter as an estimation method is a useful tool for examining the effects of regime shifts on tourism demand elasticities: this is explored next. The panel data approach is introduced as a way of overcoming the problem of estimation and forecasting biases caused by insufficient time series data. The book concludes by evaluating the empirical forecasting performance of the various models and putting forward some general conclusions.
Tourism Destination Development: Turns and Tactics (New Directions in Tourism Analysis)
by Arvid Viken Brynhild GranåsAlthough blurred and heavily contested, the concept of ’tourist destination’ still deserves careful attention. Despite its unstable characteristics, ’destination’ is a central and meaningful term in play among all parties in the field of tourism, including tourists, tourism operators, and politicians, as well as students and tourism scholars. This anthology draws on different approaches and discourses of tourism destination development, while focusing on how they are shaped and reshaped and how they should be read and rehearsed. The book reveals dominant as well as alternative approaches to the field. The authors demonstrate how tourism destinations are commercial, but socially embedded; how they are both material and territorial, but at the same time socially constructed; how production of touristic brands and images are vital, but contested. Such tensions are unfolded through paradigmatic discussions and a series of case studies from the northern hemisphere. The chapters in the book investigate how destination development is catalysed through theming, how changing environments lead to reorientations, and how destinations are political. Altogether, the book provides experts and students with an up-to-date theoretical and empirical insight into tourist destinations.
Tourism Destination Development: Turns and Tactics (New Directions in Tourism Analysis)
by Arvid Viken Brynhild GranåSAlthough blurred and heavily contested, the concept of ’tourist destination’ still deserves careful attention. Despite its unstable characteristics, ’destination’ is a central and meaningful term in play among all parties in the field of tourism, including tourists, tourism operators, and politicians, as well as students and tourism scholars. This anthology draws on different approaches and discourses of tourism destination development, while focusing on how they are shaped and reshaped and how they should be read and rehearsed. The book reveals dominant as well as alternative approaches to the field. The authors demonstrate how tourism destinations are commercial, but socially embedded; how they are both material and territorial, but at the same time socially constructed; how production of touristic brands and images are vital, but contested. Such tensions are unfolded through paradigmatic discussions and a series of case studies from the northern hemisphere. The chapters in the book investigate how destination development is catalysed through theming, how changing environments lead to reorientations, and how destinations are political. Altogether, the book provides experts and students with an up-to-date theoretical and empirical insight into tourist destinations.
Tourism Destination Evolution (New Directions in Tourism Analysis)
by Salvador Anton Clavé Dimitri Ioannides Patrick Brouder Alison GillOutlining the need for fresh perspectives on change in tourism, this book offers a theoretical overview and empirical examples of the potential synergies of applying evolutionary economic geography (EEG) concepts in tourism research. EEG has proven to be a powerful explanatory paradigm in other sectors and tourism studies has a track record of embracing, adapting, and enhancing frameworks from cognate fields. EEG approaches to tourism studies complement and further develop studies of established themes such as path dependence and the Tourism Area Life Cycle. The individual chapters draw from a broad geographical framework and address distinct conceptual elements of EEG, using a diverse set of tourism case studies from Europe, North America and Australia. Developing the theoretical cohesion of tourism and EEG, this volume also gives non-specialist tourism scholars a window into the possibilities of using these concepts in their own research. Given the timing of this publication, it has great potential value to the wider tourism community in advancing theory and leading to more effective empirical research.
Tourism Destination Evolution (New Directions in Tourism Analysis)
by Salvador Anton Clavé Dimitri Ioannides Patrick Brouder Alison GillOutlining the need for fresh perspectives on change in tourism, this book offers a theoretical overview and empirical examples of the potential synergies of applying evolutionary economic geography (EEG) concepts in tourism research. EEG has proven to be a powerful explanatory paradigm in other sectors and tourism studies has a track record of embracing, adapting, and enhancing frameworks from cognate fields. EEG approaches to tourism studies complement and further develop studies of established themes such as path dependence and the Tourism Area Life Cycle. The individual chapters draw from a broad geographical framework and address distinct conceptual elements of EEG, using a diverse set of tourism case studies from Europe, North America and Australia. Developing the theoretical cohesion of tourism and EEG, this volume also gives non-specialist tourism scholars a window into the possibilities of using these concepts in their own research. Given the timing of this publication, it has great potential value to the wider tourism community in advancing theory and leading to more effective empirical research.
Tourism Destination Management in a Post-Pandemic Context: Global Issues and Destination Management Solutions (Tourism Security-Safety and Post Conflict Destinations)
by Vanessa Gb Gowreesunkar Shem Wambugu Maingi Hiran Roy Roberto Micera2020 has left an indelible mark on the history of travel and tourism worldwide leaving tourist destinations with long-term lessons to learn from the impacts of COVID-19. Tourism destinations are looking for new guidelines and original research that offer management solutions to deal with the damage wrought by the pandemic. Tourism Destination Management in a Post-Pandemic Context gives an enriching insight into the issues and challenges faced by tourism destinations during and after the pandemic, exposing emerging trends and proposing novel management solutions in order to develop coping capacities of destinations and build resilience against the effects of potential future pandemics Drawing on lessons of the COVID-19 pandemic, this expansive collection presents cases and competency frameworks to advance theoretical and empirical knowledge in the management of destinations post-pandemic.
Tourism Destination Management in a Post-Pandemic Context: Global Issues and Destination Management Solutions (Tourism Security-Safety and Post Conflict Destinations)
by Vanessa Gb Gowreesunkar, Shem Wambugu Maingi, Hiran Roy, Roberto Micera2020 has left an indelible mark on the history of travel and tourism worldwide leaving tourist destinations with long-term lessons to learn from the impacts of COVID-19. Tourism destinations are looking for new guidelines and original research that offer management solutions to deal with the damage wrought by the pandemic. Tourism Destination Management in a Post-Pandemic Context gives an enriching insight into the issues and challenges faced by tourism destinations during and after the pandemic, exposing emerging trends and proposing novel management solutions in order to develop coping capacities of destinations and build resilience against the effects of potential future pandemics Drawing on lessons of the COVID-19 pandemic, this expansive collection presents cases and competency frameworks to advance theoretical and empirical knowledge in the management of destinations post-pandemic.
Tourism Destination Quality: Attributes and Dimensions
by Peter Mason Arthur Seakhoa-King Marcjanna M AugustynTourism Destination Quality: Attributes and Dimensions presents new research on tourism destination quality. It is based on results from the first major empirical study (the TDQ study) that examined what tourists associate with tourism destination quality. It explains why respondents strongly associate attributes and dimensions identified in the TDQ study with destination quality. The book critically compares dimensions of tourism destination quality established in the TDQ study with dimensions of product quality, service quality, place quality and destination service/product quality. To illustrate the applicability and varying importance of dimensions established in the empirical study, case studies of actual tourism destinations are also presented. The empirical evidence provided in this book demonstrates that tourists view destination quality holistically and from the ‘quality of opportunity perspective’ in terms of conformance to tourists’ requirements, which are conditions suitable for pursuing tourist activities and interests. Future directions for research are provided, as well as a diagnostic tool for tourism destination managers and planners. This has been designed to help identify strategic quality improvement areas and to enable competition based on quality in various tourism destination contexts.
Tourism Destination Quality: Attributes and Dimensions
by Peter Mason Arthur Seakhoa-King Marcjanna M AugustynTourism Destination Quality: Attributes and Dimensions presents new research on tourism destination quality. It is based on results from the first major empirical study (the TDQ study) that examined what tourists associate with tourism destination quality. It explains why respondents strongly associate attributes and dimensions identified in the TDQ study with destination quality. The book critically compares dimensions of tourism destination quality established in the TDQ study with dimensions of product quality, service quality, place quality and destination service/product quality. To illustrate the applicability and varying importance of dimensions established in the empirical study, case studies of actual tourism destinations are also presented. The empirical evidence provided in this book demonstrates that tourists view destination quality holistically and from the ‘quality of opportunity perspective’ in terms of conformance to tourists’ requirements, which are conditions suitable for pursuing tourist activities and interests. Future directions for research are provided, as well as a diagnostic tool for tourism destination managers and planners. This has been designed to help identify strategic quality improvement areas and to enable competition based on quality in various tourism destination contexts.
Tourism Development and the Environment: Beyond Sustainability?
by Richard SharpleyTourism Development and the Environment: Beyond Sustainability? challenges the sustainable tourism development paradigm that has come to dominate both theoretical and practical approaches to tourism development over the last two decades. It extends the sustainable tourism debate beyond the arguably managerialist 'blueprint' and destination-focused approach that continues to characterise even the most recent 'sustainability' agenda within tourism development. Reviewing the evolution of the sustainable tourism development concept, its contemporary manifestations in academic literature and policy developments and processes, the author compares its limitations to prevailing political-economic, socio-cultural and environmental contexts. He then proposes alternative approaches to tourism development which, nevertheless, retain environmental sustainability as a prerequisite of tourism development. This book also acts as an introduction to the Earthscan series Tourism, Environment and Development. About the series: 'Tourism, Environment and Development' aims to explore, within a variety of contexts, the developmental role of tourism as it relates explicitly to its environmental consequences. Each book will review critically and challenge 'traditional' perspectives on (sustainable) tourism development, exploring new approaches that reflect contemporary economic, socio-cultural and political contexts.
Tourism Development and the Environment: Beyond Sustainability?
by Richard SharpleyTourism Development and the Environment: Beyond Sustainability? challenges the sustainable tourism development paradigm that has come to dominate both theoretical and practical approaches to tourism development over the last two decades. It extends the sustainable tourism debate beyond the arguably managerialist 'blueprint' and destination-focused approach that continues to characterise even the most recent 'sustainability' agenda within tourism development. Reviewing the evolution of the sustainable tourism development concept, its contemporary manifestations in academic literature and policy developments and processes, the author compares its limitations to prevailing political-economic, socio-cultural and environmental contexts. He then proposes alternative approaches to tourism development which, nevertheless, retain environmental sustainability as a prerequisite of tourism development. This book also acts as an introduction to the Earthscan series Tourism, Environment and Development. About the series: 'Tourism, Environment and Development' aims to explore, within a variety of contexts, the developmental role of tourism as it relates explicitly to its environmental consequences. Each book will review critically and challenge 'traditional' perspectives on (sustainable) tourism development, exploring new approaches that reflect contemporary economic, socio-cultural and political contexts.
Tourism Development in Post-Soviet Nations: From Communism to Capitalism
by Susan L. Slocum Valeria KlitsounovaFormer communist countries face unique issues in developing and marketing tourism businesses, communities, and attractions because of centralized polices that discouraged international influences. While soviet economies relied on state policies to facilitate community development, the success of capitalism lies in access to a variety of resources, such as the environment, fiscal services, infrastructure, and market knowledge at the local level. Moreover, communal societies potentially possess social capital that can provide unique economic development opportunities. This book incorporates a regional perspective that widens the tourism development debate to include theoretical analyses, applied research, and case studies that document the broader successes and challenges that affect tourism stakeholders and addresses the necessary elements that facilitate a comprehensive tourism development strategy in emerging and transitioning former communist countries.
The Tourism-Disaster-Conflict Nexus (Community, Environment and Disaster Risk Management #19)
by Andreas Neef Jesse Hession GraymanThis volume sheds light on the complex linkages between tourism, disaster and conflict. In many countries, tourism crises have been precipitated by natural disasters. At the same time, the tourism industry has often been assigned a pivotal role in the reconstruction and recovery efforts. Prospective tourists have been lured into supporting post-disaster rehabilitation simply through visiting disaster-affected areas. Yet, prioritising the tourism sector in the recovery process may have unintended consequences: less touristic areas that have been severely affected by the disaster may receive less humanitarian relief support. Disaster recovery processes in the tourism industry can also be highly uneven, as multinational hotel chains tend to recover more swiftly and increase both their market share and their control over important resources. Politically well-connected tourist operators and wealthy local elites tend to exploit distorted recovery governance mechanisms and take advantage of the legal and institutional uncertainties triggered by disasters. Insecure, customary land rights of ethnic minority groups and indigenous people may be particularly prone to exploitation by opportunistic tourist operators in the aftermath of a disaster. When disasters strike settings of pre-existing conflict, they may exacerbate the situation by increasing competition over scarce resources and relief funds, or they may catalyse conflict resolution following an intolerable excess of additional suffering among fighting parties. Tourism ventures may offer post-conflict livelihood opportunities, but potentially trigger new conflicts. Disasters may instigate a morbid “dark tourism” industry that invites visitors to enter spaces of death and suffering at memorials, graves, museums, and sites of atrocity.
The Tourism-Disaster-Conflict Nexus (Community, Environment and Disaster Risk Management #19)
by Andreas Neef Jesse Hession GraymanThis volume sheds light on the complex linkages between tourism, disaster and conflict. In many countries, tourism crises have been precipitated by natural disasters. At the same time, the tourism industry has often been assigned a pivotal role in the reconstruction and recovery efforts. Prospective tourists have been lured into supporting post-disaster rehabilitation simply through visiting disaster-affected areas. Yet, prioritising the tourism sector in the recovery process may have unintended consequences: less touristic areas that have been severely affected by the disaster may receive less humanitarian relief support. Disaster recovery processes in the tourism industry can also be highly uneven, as multinational hotel chains tend to recover more swiftly and increase both their market share and their control over important resources. Politically well-connected tourist operators and wealthy local elites tend to exploit distorted recovery governance mechanisms and take advantage of the legal and institutional uncertainties triggered by disasters. Insecure, customary land rights of ethnic minority groups and indigenous people may be particularly prone to exploitation by opportunistic tourist operators in the aftermath of a disaster. When disasters strike settings of pre-existing conflict, they may exacerbate the situation by increasing competition over scarce resources and relief funds, or they may catalyse conflict resolution following an intolerable excess of additional suffering among fighting parties. Tourism ventures may offer post-conflict livelihood opportunities, but potentially trigger new conflicts. Disasters may instigate a morbid “dark tourism” industry that invites visitors to enter spaces of death and suffering at memorials, graves, museums, and sites of atrocity.
Tourism Dynamics in Everyday Places: Before and After Tourism (Contemporary Geographies of Leisure, Tourism and Mobility)
by Aurélie Condevaux Maria Gravari-Barbas Sandra GuinandThis title offers a dynamic understanding of tourism, usually defined in terms of clearly circumscribed places and temporalities, to grasp its changing spatial patterns. The first part looks at the ‘befores’ – everyday places such as daily markets, flea markets, urban neighbourhoods, that have captured the tourists’ interest and have progressively experienced new development in their ordinary patterns. The second part investigates the ‘afters’ – former tourist spaces moving beyond the tourism sphere and becoming places of everyday life, study or work. Chapters explore what this means for local societies and examine this contemporary phenomenon of former tourist attractions becoming ordinary and everyday, and of ordinary places beginning to take on a tourist dimension. The hybridisation of tourist practices and ordinary practices is also explored through a range of international case studies and examples written by highly regarded and interdisciplinary academics. This edited volume will be of great interest to upper-level students, academics and researchers in tourism, urban studies, and land use planning.
Tourism Dynamics in Everyday Places: Before and After Tourism (Contemporary Geographies of Leisure, Tourism and Mobility)
by Aurélie Condevaux Maria Gravari-Barbas Sandra GuinandThis title offers a dynamic understanding of tourism, usually defined in terms of clearly circumscribed places and temporalities, to grasp its changing spatial patterns. The first part looks at the ‘befores’ – everyday places such as daily markets, flea markets, urban neighbourhoods, that have captured the tourists’ interest and have progressively experienced new development in their ordinary patterns. The second part investigates the ‘afters’ – former tourist spaces moving beyond the tourism sphere and becoming places of everyday life, study or work. Chapters explore what this means for local societies and examine this contemporary phenomenon of former tourist attractions becoming ordinary and everyday, and of ordinary places beginning to take on a tourist dimension. The hybridisation of tourist practices and ordinary practices is also explored through a range of international case studies and examples written by highly regarded and interdisciplinary academics. This edited volume will be of great interest to upper-level students, academics and researchers in tourism, urban studies, and land use planning.
Tourism Education: Global Issues and Trends (Tourism Social Science Series #21)
by Pauline J. Sheldon Cathy H. HsuThis book explores the changing landscape of tourism education in the global context. It examines and seeks to provide answers to three main questions: What knowledge and skills should tourism students be exposed to? How should tourism education programs at all levels be designed to create responsible leaders for the future of tourism? What is the employability and range of careers students can expect after graduation? The book will also delve into the issues related to curriculum design and pedagogical innovation in some detail including technological innovation. It will explore new possibilities in alternative disciplinary approaches to the study of tourism, theoretical concepts in tourism education, cross-disciplinarity, multi-disciplinarity, inter-disciplinarity and trans-disciplinarity. The challenges of institutional rigidity in different national contexts will be explored as well as tourism education in the developing world.
Tourism Education and Asia (Perspectives On Asian Tourism)
by Heike Schänzel Claire LiuThis book looks at various aspects of tourism education in Asian countries and the impacts of sustainable development in tourism education to the Asian student markets. It provides an insightful and authoritative account of the various issues that are shaping the higher educational world of tourism education in Asia and for its Asian students overseas, and it highlights the creative, inventive and innovative ways that educators are responding to these issues.The book is composed of contributions from specialists in the field and is international in scope. It is divided into four parts: an introduction setting the scene of tourism education and Asia; case studies of tourism education in various Asian countries; case studies of tourism education of Asian students abroad and their trans-national student experiences; and broader perspectives on intra-Asian and transnational tourism education. The book provides a systematic guide to the current state of knowledge on tourism education and Asia and its future direction, and is essential reading for students, researchers, educational practitioners, and academics in Tourism Studies.
Tourism Employment in Nordic Countries: Trends, Practices, and Opportunities
by Andreas Walmsley Kajsa Åberg Petra Blinnikka Gunnar Thór JóhannessonViewed through a politico-economic lens, Nordic countries share what is often referred to as the ‘Nordic model’, characterised by a comprehensive welfare state; higher spending on childcare; more equitable income distribution; and lifelong-learning policies. This edited collection considers these contexts to explore the complex nature of tourism employment, thereby providing insights into the dynamic nature, characteristics, and meaning of work in tourism. Contributors combine explorations of the impact of policy on tourism employment with a more traditional human resources management approach focusing on employment issues from an organizational perspective, such as job satisfaction, training, and retention. The text points to opportunities as well as challenges relating to issues such as the notion of ‘decent work’, the role and contribution of migrant workers, and more broadly, the varying policy objectives embedded within the Nordic welfare model. Offering a detailed, multi-faceted analysis of tourism employment, this book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and practitioners interested in tourism employment in the region.
Tourism Encounters and Controversies: Ontological Politics of Tourism Development (New Directions in Tourism Analysis)
by Carina Ren Gunnar Thór Jóhannesson Van Der Duim RenéThe multiplicity of tourism encounters provide some of the best available occasions to observe the social world and its making(s). Focusing on ontological politics of tourism development, this book examines how different versions of tourism are enacted, how encounters between different versions of tourism orderings may result in controversies, but also on how these enactments and encounters are entangled in multiple ways to broader areas of development, conservation, policy and destination management. Throughout the book, encounters and controversies are investigated from a poststructuralist and relational approach as complex and emerging, seeing the roles and characteristics of related actors as co-constituted. Inspired by post-actor-network theory and related research, the studies include the social as well as the material, but also multiplicity and ontological politics when examining controversial matters or events.