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Conceptual Change in Biology: Scientific and Philosophical Perspectives on Evolution and Development (Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science #307)
by Alan C. LoveThis volume explores questions about conceptual change from both scientific and philosophical viewpoints by analyzing the recent history of evolutionary developmental biology. It features revised papers that originated from the workshop "Conceptual Change in Biological Science: Evolutionary Developmental Biology, 1981-2011" held at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin in July 2010. The Preface has been written by Ron Amundson.In these papers, philosophers and biologists compare and contrast key concepts in evolutionary developmental biology and their development since the original, seminal Dahlem conference on evolution and development held in Berlin in 1981. Many of the original scientific participants from the 1981 conference are also contributors to this new volume and, in conjunction with other expert biologists and philosophers specializing on these topics, provide an authoritative, comprehensive view on the subject.Taken together, the papers supply novel perspectives on how and why the conceptual landscape has shifted and stabilized in particular ways, yielding insights into the dynamic epistemic changes that have occurred over the past three decades. This volume will appeal to philosophers of biology studying conceptual change, evolutionary developmental biologists focused on comprehending the genesis of their field and evaluating its future directions, and historians of biology examining this period when the intersection of evolution and development rose again to prominence in biological science.
Conceptual Flux: Mental Representation, Misrepresentation, and Concept Change (Studies in Cognitive Systems #24)
by M. PerlmanHow can one think about a thing, think something false about it, and still be thinking about that thing at all? If a concept is applied to something outside its meaning, how are we to say it does not mean that thing as well? The problem of misrepresentation is one of the central issues in contemporary philosophy of mind. Here, Mark Perlman criticizes the way all contemporary theories of mental representation seek to account for misrepresentation, concluding that it cannot be explained naturistically. Specifically, Perlman evaluates and criticizes the theories of mental content proposed by Fodor, Dretske, Millikan, Block, Harman and others, as well as examining verificationist approaches to meaning of Quine, Davidson and Stich. The book goes much further than criticism, however: Perlman formulates a naturalistic theory of representation that reluctantly accepts the unfortunate conclusion that there is no misrepresentation. He adds a pragmatic theory of content, which explains apparent misrepresentation as concept change. Mental representations can be good or bad in specific contexts and for specific purposes, but their correctness is not a matter of truth and falsity. The pragmatic approach to mental content has implications for epistemology, theories of truth, metaphysics, psychology, and AI (specifically connectionist networks). Readership: One of the most thorough examinations of mental representation and meaning holism available, this book should be read by everyone interested in the mind and how ideas can have meaning. It crosses boundaries from philosophy into psychology, linguistics, AI and cognitive science.
Conceptual Foundations for Multidisciplinary Thinking
by Stephen Jay KlineOur current intellectual system provides us with a far more complete and accurate understanding of nature and ourselves than was available in any previous society. This gain in understanding has arisen from two sources: the use of the 'scientific method', and the breaking up of our intellectual enterprise into increasingly narrower disciplines and research programs. However, we have failed to keep these narrow specialities connected to the intellectual enterprise as a whole. The author demonstrates that this causes a number of difficulties. We have no viewpoint from which we can understand the relationships between the disciplines and lack a forum for adjudicating situations where different disciplines give conflicting answers to the same problem. We seriously underestimate the differences in methodology and in the nature of principles in the various branches of science. This provocative and wide-ranging book provides a detailed analysis and possible solutions for dealing with this problem.
Conceptual Issues in Ecology
by Esa SaarinenIn this collection of essays, some of the leading ecologists and philosophers discuss the foundations of ecology and evolutionary biology. While large scale philosophical convictions and attitudes often direct the theorist's line of concrete action in data collection and in theory information, the founda tional convictions typically remain tacit, and are seldom argued for. The present collection aims to remedy this situation. It brings together scholars representing different approaches in a joint effort to explicate and analyse some of the key issues underlying ecological theorizing, be they conceptual, epistemological or ontological. The bulk of the present collection is reprinted from Synthese 43 (1980). William C. Wimsatt's paper 'Reductionistic Research Strategies and Their Biases in the Units of Selection Controversy' is in turn reprinted from T. Nickles (ed.) Scientific Discovery: Case Studies (D. Reidel, 1980). It appears here with the kind permission of Prof. Nickles. The publisher's consent for the reprints has been in each case automatic. The essays of Y rjo Haila and Olli Jarvinen, and of Leigh M. Van Valen appear here for the first time. In bringing the present collection together, as well as in editing the Synthese symposium on which it is based, I have greatly benefited from the suggestions of Professors Marjorie Grene, Olli J iirvinen and Daniel Simberloff. In addition to them, I wish to thank all the contributors for their interest in this project.
Conceptual Jurisprudence: Methodological Issues, Classical Questions and New Approaches (Law and Philosophy Library #137)
by Jorge Luis Fabra-Zamora Gonzalo Villa RosasThis book brings together leading legal theorists to present original philosophical work on the concept of law - the central question of jurisprudence. It covers five broad topics: firstly it addresses debates concerning the methodology of jurisprudence. In Part II it focuses on the notion of a legal system and its coercive nature, while Part III explores the relationships between law and morality, the traditional point of contention between positivist and non-positivist theories of law. Part IV then examines questions regarding law’s normative character and relationships with practical reason. Lastly, the final part introduces two novel theoretical approaches to conceptual jurisprudence.
The Conceptual Structure of Reality (SpringerBriefs in Philosophy)
by Gal YehezkelThis book describes a novel conception of reality, one that uniquely incorporates an idealistic view of existence with an account of objectivity. It introduces a general model of conceptual analysis and demonstrates its effectiveness in exposing and establishing the existence of conceptual ties. The book begins by introducing the tools and principles needed for the conceptual analysis undertaken in chapters that follow. Next, it presents a detailed examination into existence, contingency, idealism, self-consciousness and natural laws. In the process, the author critically examines the conceptions of existence held by Kant, Frege and Russell; argues that the determinations of past, present and future are subjective in the sense that they imply the existence of consciousness in relation to which they are fixed; shows that every possible reality includes sufficient conditions for self-consciousness; and confronts the question of the "uniformity of nature," which states that reality is subject to natural laws. In the end, the idealistic conception of reality developed in this book implies that existence is relative, rather than absolute, in the sense that it is determined in relation to a point of view internal to reality. This view of existence implies that reality necessarily exists.
Concise Bird Guide
by BloomsburyThis beautifully illustrated mini field guide is packed with information on the birds of Britain and the near Continent. It covers more than 250 species, which are illustrated with superb full-colour artworks that show – where relevant – variations in plumage, for example for male, female and juvenile birds, and breeding and non-breeding birds. A concise written account covering size, description, voice, habitat, distribution and habits appears on the same page.The easy-to-follow layouts and superb artworks aid quick and accurate identification, and make this book an indispensable reference in the field as well as at home. It is compact enough to fit in the pocket, yet packed with essential information for the nature enthusiast.Renowned natural history artists Richard Allen, David Daly, Szabolcs Kokay, Dan Cole and Steven Message painted the illustrations.
Concise Bird Guide
by BloomsburyThis beautifully illustrated mini field guide is packed with information on the birds of Britain and the near Continent. It covers more than 250 species, which are illustrated with superb full-colour artworks that show – where relevant – variations in plumage, for example for male, female and juvenile birds, and breeding and non-breeding birds. A concise written account covering size, description, voice, habitat, distribution and habits appears on the same page.The easy-to-follow layouts and superb artworks aid quick and accurate identification, and make this book an indispensable reference in the field as well as at home. It is compact enough to fit in the pocket, yet packed with essential information for the nature enthusiast.Renowned natural history artists Richard Allen, David Daly, Szabolcs Kokaym Dan Cole and Steven Message painted the illustrations.
The Concise Cinegraph: Encyclopaedia of German Cinema (Film Europa #1)
by Ans-Michael Nbsp Bock Im Nbsp BergfelderThis comprehensive guide is an ideal reference work for film specialists and enthusiasts. First published in 1984 but continuously updated ever since, CineGraph is the most authoritative and comprehensive encyclopedia on German-speaking cinema in the German language. This condensed and substantially revised English-language edition makes this important resource available to students and researchers for the first time outside its German context. It offers a representative historical overview through bio-filmographical entries on the main protagonists, from the beginnings to the present day. Included are directors and actors, writers and cameramen, composers and production designers, film theorists and critics, producers and distributors, inventors and manufacturers. An appendix includes short introductory essays on specific periods and movements, such as Early Film, Weimar, Nazi Cinema, DEFA, New German Cinema, and German film since unification, as well as on cinematic developments in Austria and Switzerland. Sections that crossreference names around specific professional groups and themes will prove equally invaluable to researchers.
A Concise Dictionary of Architectural Terms
by John Henry ParkerJohn Henry Parker's remarkably timeless dictionary of architecture, first published in 1846, became such a success that he continued to revise it for several years. A profusely illustrated manual that is valuable as a reference or as a portable guide on visits to historical buildings, this authoritative glossary of nearly 500 words used in Greek, Roman, Italian, and Gothic architecture remains highly instructive and informative.Accurate engravings complement many of the author's incisive descriptions -- from a buttress in Glastonbury Abbey to zig-zag mouldings in a Norman doorway. Extended entries cover arches, windows, tombs, and other architectural elements; while shorter notes define less commonly used terms such as cavetto, dado, and embrasure.An indispensable reference for architects and students of architecture, the text includes a topographical index to the illustrations, identifying the many British cathedrals, castles, and parish churches used as examples.
Concise Dictionary of Foreign Quotations
by Anthony LejeuneHere is the answer for anyone who comes across a foreign-language quotation in a newspaper article or a book and isn't quite sure what it means. Here are famous sayings, in five European languages--Latin, French, German, Italian, and Spanish--accompanied by their translations into English and cross-indexed for easy reference. Just what did Mussolini say about making the trains run on time? Did Marie-Antoinette really tell the poor to eat cake? Concise Dictionary of Foreign Quotations includes more than 3,000 entries, chosen by five editors, each one widely read in the language concerned. The majority of entries were included because they are familiar, those an English reader would be most likely to encounter. Literary quotations, political quotations, poetic thoughts, pungent comments, polished epigrams, shrewd perceptions--by everyone from Cicero to Sartre, from Michelangelo to Picasso.
Concise Dictionary of Foreign Quotations: Latin, French, Spanish, German And Italian
by Anthony LejeuneHere is the answer for anyone who comes across a foreign-language quotation in a newspaper article or a book and isn't quite sure what it means. Here are famous sayings, in five European languages--Latin, French, German, Italian, and Spanish--accompanied by their translations into English and cross-indexed for easy reference. Just what did Mussolini say about making the trains run on time? Did Marie-Antoinette really tell the poor to eat cake? Concise Dictionary of Foreign Quotations includes more than 3,000 entries, chosen by five editors, each one widely read in the language concerned. The majority of entries were included because they are familiar, those an English reader would be most likely to encounter. Literary quotations, political quotations, poetic thoughts, pungent comments, polished epigrams, shrewd perceptions--by everyone from Cicero to Sartre, from Michelangelo to Picasso.
A Concise Dictionary of the Avant-Gardes: Concise Edition
by Richard KostelanetzFor a concise edition of his legendary arts dictionary of information and opinion, the distinguished critic and arts historian Richard Kostelanetz selects entries from the 2018 third edition. Typically he provides intelligence unavailable anywhere else, no less in print than online, about a wealth of subjects and individuals. Focused upon what is truly innovative and excellent, Kostelanetz also ranges widely with insight and surprise, including appreciations of artistic athletes such as Muhammad Ali and the Harlem Globetrotters and such collective creations as Las Vegas and his native New York City. Continuing the traditions of cheeky high-style Dictionarysts, honoring Ambrose Bierce and Samuel Johnson (both with individual entries), Kostelanetz offers a "reference book" to be enjoyed, not only in bits and chunks but continuously as one of the ten books someone would take if he or she planned to be stranded on a desert isle.
A Concise Dictionary of the Avant-Gardes
by Richard KostelanetzFor a concise edition of his legendary arts dictionary of information and opinion, the distinguished critic and arts historian Richard Kostelanetz selects entries from the 2018 third edition. Typically he provides intelligence unavailable anywhere else, no less in print than online, about a wealth of subjects and individuals. Focused upon what is truly innovative and excellent, Kostelanetz also ranges widely with insight and surprise, including appreciations of artistic athletes such as Muhammad Ali and the Harlem Globetrotters and such collective creations as Las Vegas and his native New York City. Continuing the traditions of cheeky high-style Dictionarysts, honoring Ambrose Bierce and Samuel Johnson (both with individual entries), Kostelanetz offers a "reference book" to be enjoyed, not only in bits and chunks but continuously as one of the ten books someone would take if he or she planned to be stranded on a desert isle.
Concise Encyclopedia of Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites
by Donald B. KraybillDonald B. Kraybill has spent his career among Anabaptist groups, gaining an unparalleled understanding of these traditionally private people. Kraybill shares that deep knowledge in this succinct overview of the beliefs and cultural practices of Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites in North America.Found throughout Canada, Central America, Mexico, and the United States, these religious communities include more than 200 different groups with 800,000 members in 17 countries. Through 340 short entries, Kraybill offers readers information on a wide range of topics related to religious views and social practices. With thoughtful consideration of how these diverse communities are related, this compact reference provides a brief and accurate synopsis of these groups in the twenty-first century.No other single volume provides such a broad overview of Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites in North America. Organized for ease of searching—with a list of entries, a topic finder, an index of names, and ample cross-references—the volume also includes abundant resources for accessing additional information.Wide in scope, succinct in content, and with directional markers along the way, the Concise Encyclopedia of Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites is a must-have reference for anyone interested in Anabaptist groups.
Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Ethics in the Social Sciences (Elgar Encyclopedias in the Social Sciences series)
The Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Ethics in the Social Sciences is an in-depth exploration of ethics across multiple different fields. Editors Tuija Takala and Matti Häyry collate entries from global experts to provide an incisive look into applied ethics on both methodological and theoretical bases.Covering a vast array of disciplines, this prescient Encyclopedia analyzes the many roles that applied ethics plays in the social sciences. Entries scrutinize the various manifestations of ethics across a range of disciplines and subdisciplines such as animal studies, criminology, and global health. The entries on sociology, social psychology, welfare economics, and corporate social responsibility discuss historical development through ethical concepts, while entries such as conflict studies, strategic management and future studies seek to predict future paradigm changes. On the theoretical level, the framing of research questions also entails ethical choices, which is emphasized in the entries for archaeology, food system studies, global health, and migration studies.This thought-provoking Encyclopedia is a crucial resource for scholars of economic thought and methodology, legal philosophy, human rights, politics and public policy research, and sociology and sociological theory. It will also benefit those researching and working across the social sciences more broadly.Key Features:Flexible interdisciplinary approachInternational point of entry into applied ethics in the social sciences57 authors representing a wide variety of fields in the social sciences35 in-depth entries organized alphabetically for accessibility and ease of navigation
Concise Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility (Elgar Encyclopedias in Business and Management series)
This Concise Encyclopedia is an interdisciplinary overview of the field of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). It not only incorporates well-established concepts proffered by highly influential voices, but also captures the perspectives of tomorrow.The entries present some of the main topics gravitating around CSR and its theoretical evolution, while recognising how the framework has spread out into different academic fields. This Concise Encyclopedia helps to update CSR scholarship in line with developments within the broader discourse on the responsibilities of business, with new reflections on well-established concepts.Presenting a state-of-the-art discussion on the evolution of and future for CSR, this Concise Encyclopedia will serve as a significant reference point for both scholars and students of Business Ethics, Business and Human Rights and Corporate Sustainability. The depth of discussion throughout the Concise Encyclopedia will be useful for academics, practitioners, and policymakers alike.Key Features:46 accessible and fully-referenced entriesContributions from leading scholars and academics in the fieldWritten in a critical and reflective style, with entries grounded in ongoing debates on CSRRecognition of Business and Human Rights (BHR) as an emergent theme within CSR, with entries on modern slavery and workers’ rights
Concise Encyclopedia of Human Geography (Elgar Encyclopedias in the Social Sciences series)
With 78 specially commissioned entries written by a diverse range of contributors, this essential reference book covers the breadth and depth of human geography to provide a lively and accessible state of the art of the discipline for students, instructors and researchers.Carefully curated by two internationally recognised scholars in the field, entries are written by both distinguished and up and coming researchers and encompass the key ideas, concepts, and theories in human geography. The Encyclopedia examines both long standing subdisciplinary fields in human geography like economic geography and urban geography, but also more recent ones such as emotional geographies and indigenous geographies, making a point about the move to plural geographies. The selection of entries reflects both the influence of established developments, such as the ‘cultural turn’, and new advances including the growing interest in Big Data, the more committed focus on decolonization of the discipline, and interest in research on the Anthropocene.This will be fundamental reading for human geography students, particularly undergraduates looking for a succinct and accessible resource for current thinking in the field.Key Features:78 concise entries from diverse international contributorsEncapsulates the state of the art of research in the fieldHighlights new trendsExplores the ways in which human geography is starting to decolonize
Concise Encyclopedia of Investing
by Robert E StevensPractical information for investing newcomers!Have you wanted to seriously begin investing but are wary because of confusing and complicated terminology and concepts? Then the Concise Encyclopedia of Investing is for you. This A-to-Z reference provides clear, concise explanations of basic as well as more advanced investment terms to
Concise Encyclopedia of Investing
by Robert E StevensPractical information for investing newcomers!Have you wanted to seriously begin investing but are wary because of confusing and complicated terminology and concepts? Then the Concise Encyclopedia of Investing is for you. This A-to-Z reference provides clear, concise explanations of basic as well as more advanced investment terms to
Concise Encyclopedia of Mexico
by Michael WernerConcise Encyclopedia of Mexico includes approximately 250 articles on the people and topics most relevant to students seeking information about Mexico. Although the Concise version is a unique single-volume source of information on the entire sweep of Mexican history-pre-colonial, colonial, and moderns-it will emphasize events that affecting Mexico today, event students most need to understand.
Concise Encyclopedia of Mexico
by Michael WernerConcise Encyclopedia of Mexico includes approximately 250 articles on the people and topics most relevant to students seeking information about Mexico. Although the Concise version is a unique single-volume source of information on the entire sweep of Mexican history-pre-colonial, colonial, and moderns-it will emphasize events that affecting Mexico today, event students most need to understand.
Concise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms
by William E. Roark William R. RoarkAn invaluable resource for real estate professionals and studentsConcise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms puts the terms used every day in the marketing and study of real estate at your fingertips. With a simple A-to-Z format, this comprehensive reference guide gets right to the point, providing brief but clear definitions and understandable explanations for more than 300 current terms and concepts used in every aspect of the real estate industry. An essential communication tool for anyone working in real estate management, insurance, economics, and urban planning, this practical guide is equally valuable for libraries, academics, and students.Compiled by Bill and Ryan Roark, realtors and co-hosts of "Taking Care of Business," a live weekly real estate news and information talk radio program, the Concise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms provides quick and easy access to the terminology that&’s unique to the real estate industry. From A (AAA Tenant, absorption rate, abstract) to Z (zoning) and everything in between, this handy reference resource will ensure you&’re not at a loss for words when dealing with the legal and financial issues related to real estate and property. The book also includes an appendix of sample forms and contracts and another that covers measurements and conversions.The Concise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms explains: adjustable rate brokerage fee due diligence internal rate of return (IRR) loan to value (LTV) non-binding agreement planned unit development (PUD) recapture rate sale leaseback tertiary trade area upside/downside warranty deed and much more!The Concise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms is equally valuable as a professional reference guide and as a classroom and library resource.
Concise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms
by William E. Roark William R. RoarkAn invaluable resource for real estate professionals and studentsConcise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms puts the terms used every day in the marketing and study of real estate at your fingertips. With a simple A-to-Z format, this comprehensive reference guide gets right to the point, providing brief but clear definitions and understandable explanations for more than 300 current terms and concepts used in every aspect of the real estate industry. An essential communication tool for anyone working in real estate management, insurance, economics, and urban planning, this practical guide is equally valuable for libraries, academics, and students.Compiled by Bill and Ryan Roark, realtors and co-hosts of "Taking Care of Business," a live weekly real estate news and information talk radio program, the Concise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms provides quick and easy access to the terminology that&’s unique to the real estate industry. From A (AAA Tenant, absorption rate, abstract) to Z (zoning) and everything in between, this handy reference resource will ensure you&’re not at a loss for words when dealing with the legal and financial issues related to real estate and property. The book also includes an appendix of sample forms and contracts and another that covers measurements and conversions.The Concise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms explains: adjustable rate brokerage fee due diligence internal rate of return (IRR) loan to value (LTV) non-binding agreement planned unit development (PUD) recapture rate sale leaseback tertiary trade area upside/downside warranty deed and much more!The Concise Encyclopedia of Real Estate Business Terms is equally valuable as a professional reference guide and as a classroom and library resource.
The Concise Encyclopedia of World War II [2 volumes]: [2 volumes]
by Cathal J. NolanA comprehensive and integrated military, political, and strategic history of World War II, ranging from the daily life of conscripts and civilians to operational and strategic decision making at the highest levels.Filled with up-to-date scholarship yet supremely manageable and accessible, The Concise Encyclopedia of World War II offers the opportunity to explore a conflict that remains a source of fascination for scholars, students, and general readers alike.From the battlefields to the corridors of power, from the barracks to the home front, The Concise Encyclopedia of World War II provides a complete portrait of the war. Entries not only address major battles and campaigns, but political, economic, and cultural issues as well, plus brief portraits of the conflict's commanding personalities. Its global perspective notably corrects the usual Western focus of World War II studies, incorporating a wealth of information on often underreported topics such as the Eastern Front and the Sino-Japanese War.