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Mountaineering Adventure Tourism and Local Communities: Social, Environmental and Economics Interactions
by Michal Apollo Viacheslav AndreychoukThis timely book explores how hiking, trekking and climbing mountains, increasingly popular leisure activities, can stimulate change and create opportunities for sustainable development. Using empirical evidence from interviews held in the Himalayas combined with a theoretical grounding, it focuses on the socio-economic and environmental issues of the impact of mountaineering adventure tourism on local communities.Chapters highlight the progressive stages of the host–guest interactions between local communities and tourists, moving from initial, indirect and final tourism development, and the unique sociocultural phenomena these create. The book examines how, with a planned and systematic approach, mountaineering can be a key factor in promoting an overall improvement in local people’s quality of life through initiatives in economic development and environmental conservation. It offers a look towards the future to create sustainable tourism development in mountain regions.This is an invigorating read for adventure tourism and human geography scholars, particularly with the blend of theory and first-hand studies of local impacts of mountain tourism. It will also be an interesting read for industry representatives, policy makers and professionals in the field.
Environmental Impacts of Mountaineering: A Conceptual Framework (SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science)
by Michal ApolloThis book investigates the consequences of mountaineering (hiking, trekking, climbing) on the natural environment. These consequences are divided into three groups: 1) transformations caused by the mountaineer’s, or other people’s, stay in a mountaineering region; 2) transformations caused by the mountaineer’s travel (movement) through a mountaineering region, with the consideration of the ground type (rock, rock and grass, grass, residual soil, snow, ice), and 3) transformations caused by the use of mountaineering equipment. Each of the three groups are examined individually for their direct interference with the environment, i.e. caused by the main activities of climbing, trekking and hiking (both for elite and mass mountaineering) and their indirect interference caused by auxiliary activity (mainly in the case of mass mountaineering). Auxiliary activity includes guide services, transport of equipment, use of base camp facilities and the delivery of artificial support equipment, and supports the main activity. The consequences of mountaineering on the natural environment are characterized in terms of individual components of the environment (land relief, soil, vegetation, fauna, and landscape) and location/zone of mountaineering activity (hiking, trekking or climbing zone). Because of the connections and interdependence between particular components of the environment (biotic and abiotic), only preservation of each of them can bring the desired effect – a reduction in the negative impact of mountaineering. This book presents comprehensive research outcomes and serves as a platform for more detailed, future studies.
Moon 52 Things to Do in Los Angeles: Local Spots, Outdoor Recreation, Getaways
by Teena ApelesFrom the market you haven&’t hit yet to the desert getaway you keep meaning to plan, experience something new right here at home with Moon 52 Things to Do in Los Angeles.Cool things to do in and around the city: Check out the art galleries in West Adams, hop on a Jeepney in Historic Filipinotown, and learn a craft from local artisans. Sample street tacos on Sunset, enjoy a platter of Ethiopian food, or experience a drag-show brunch. Bike or skate along the LA River, search for sea life in the tide pools of San Pedro, or hike to the Griffith or Mount Wilson observatories Day trips and weekend getaways: Take the Pacific Surfliner Train from Union Station to Solana Beach, kayak on Lake San Marcos, or wander Ojai&’s nature preserves. Rent a golf cart on Catalina Island, shop and dine along Santa Barbara&’s State Street , or immerse yourself in desert artwork in the Coachella Valley Experiences broken down by category: Find to do lists for each season, activities for kids, outdoor adventures, arts and culture, food and drinks, live entertainment, and more A local's advice: Longtime Angeleno author Teena Apeles knows the city's ins and outs, from unexpected street art to hidden local history Inspirational full-color photos throughoutEasy-to-scan planning tips: Addresses, nearby attractions, and tips for avoiding the crowds if you're heading to a popular spot What are you doing this weekend? Try something new with Moon 52 Things to Do in Los Angeles. About Moon Travel Guides: Moon was founded in 1973 to empower independent, active, and conscious travel. We prioritize local businesses, outdoor recreation, and traveling strategically and sustainably. Moon Travel Guides are written by local, expert authors with great stories to tell—and they can't wait to share their favorite places with you. For more inspiration, follow @moonguides on social media.
The Book Of Shanghai: A City in Short Fiction (Reading the City)
by Wang Anyi Xiao Bai Shen Dacheng Chen Danyan Cai Jun Chen Qiufan Xia Shang Teng Xiaolan Fu Yuehui Wang ZhanheiAs the end of the world arrives in downtown Shanghai, one man’s only wish is to return a library book... When a publisher agrees to let a star author use his company’s attic to write in, little does he suspect this will become the author’s permanent residence... As Shanghai succumbs to a seemingly apocalyptic deluge, a man takes refuge in his bathtub, only to find himself, moments later, floating through the city's streets... The characters in this literary exploration of one of the world’s biggest cities are all on a mission. Whether it is responding to events around them, or following some impulse of their own, they are defined by their determination – a refusal to lose themselves in a city that might otherwise leave them anonymous, disconnected, alone. From the neglected mother whose side-hustle in collecting sellable waste becomes an obsession, to the schoolboy determined to end a long-standing feud between his family and another, these characters show a defiance that reminds us why Shanghai – despite its hurtling economic growth –remains an epicentre for individual creativity.
The Emerald Handbook of Luxury Management for Hospitality and Tourism
by Anupama S. Kotur, Saurabh Kumar DixitLuxury is an ever-evolving concept with various interpretations in the domain of hospitality and tourism. The understanding of luxury hospitality and travel has revolved around exclusive and authentic experiences, nuanced by finer things with a focus on value rather than price. The marketing of luxury products and services has become increasingly complex as these products and services are associated not only with an image of quality, performance, and authenticity but also with how extreme experiences and products fulfil the lifestyle constructs of consumers. The Emerald Handbook of Luxury Management for Hospitality and Tourism brings together global philosophies, principles and practices in luxury tourism management from both supply and demand perspectives. Several global case studies are presented, further illustrating the changing paradigms of luxury travel market and consumers enabling insight into the upcoming global luxury travel market. Encompassing the vibrant case studies and contemporary discussions on luxury hospitality and tourism developments during the post-pandemic era, this volume will serve as an essential resource for students, researchers, and industry practitioners of hospitality, tourism, management, and marketing consumer behavior, and consumer studies.
Overtourism as Destination Risk: Impacts and Solutions (Tourism Security-Safety and Post Conflict Destinations)
by Anukrati Sharma, Azizul HassanThe tourism industry provides a vital lifeline in helping to develop and enhance the economic growth of cities, states, and nations, but there is growing concern internationally about how overtourism in certain regions is having an adverse impact on a number of tourist destinations. Overtourism as Destination Risk: Impacts and Solutions presents a range of researcher perspectives discussing current issues in the overtourism debate, including unplanned expansion and construction, environmental imbalance and damage, pollution and deforestation, as well as measures and possible solutions to tackle the problem of overtourism and its spread. This book specifically focuses on Coimbra in Portugal, Amsterdam in the Netherlands and Shimla in India. This book foregrounds the tourist's responsibility to respect destinations and provides an in-depth assessment of possible risk factors and the conflicted role of the media and marketing organizations as image-makers of tourist destinations. This book is essential reading for academics and researchers from the fields of tourism studies, social sciences, environmental sciences, humanities and relevant disciplines.
Strategic Tourism Planning for Communities: Restructuring and Rebranding (Building the Future of Tourism)
by ANUKRATI SHARMA AND SHRUTI ARORAFrom developed to developing nations, the utilization of tourism as a development strategy has been a prevalent practice at both national and local levels. In this compelling read, authors Shruti Arora and Anukrati Sharma explore an understanding of how countries envision the future of their tourism sectors and chart a course towards that vision. Unveiling the potential of tourism as a catalyst for economic prosperity, numerous communities view it as a promising avenue to enhance their standard of living. With evidence showcasing its wealth-generating capabilities, these communities place unwavering faith in tourism's ability to uplift their societies. Strategic Tourism Planning for Communities: Restructuring and Rebranding offers fresh insights and knowledge for students and researchers alike. Drawing on examples from around the world, this is a must-read for anyone passionate about the growth and development of regions through the lens of tourism.
Tourism as a Form of International Relations: Insights from Contemporary Practice
by Katerina AntoniouThis timely book introduces the tourist as a non-state actor on the international political stage. Discussing the ways in which tourism has enabled political dynamics to unfold and shape political affairs, Katerina Antoniou suggests how tourist activity can be used to foster inclusive and empowering political conduct, as well as suggestions on how it can support the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.Through a combination of theoretical and analytical models from both the fields of international relations and tourism, this book provides an analysis of how tourist activity shapes global political processes and phenomena, and adopts a post-disciplinary approach to the topics discussed. Chapters explore how contemporary tourist activity, driven by cosmopolitan values and cultural literacy, has the capacity to generate inclusive and sustainable development, shape dynamics in international security, and foster sustainable peace. The book further introduces four typologies of tourist-performed diplomacy, covering factors of state interests, global causes, intentional diplomatic activity, and coincidental diplomacy.The blend of insightful case studies and theory will make this an invigorating read for tourism – particularly sustainable tourism – scholars, students, and practitioners. It will also be a critical book for international relations academics as well as policymakers and international organization representatives looking for a deeper understanding of the inter-relationships between tourism and international relations.
Culture and Society in Tourism Contexts (Tourism Social Science Series #17)
by Antonio Migu Nogues-PedregalThis book strives to understand the social and cultural dynamics in Mediterranean tourism destinations through ethnographic examples and case studies from places including Greece, Spain, Morocco, Croatia, Lebanon, France, and Crete. Exploring themes such as globalization, cosmopolitanism, leisure mobilities, power, and late capitalism, this volume analyzes the blurring edges of tourism and migration, the role the former plays in the dialogical construction of cultural identities, or how the interconnection between each of the diverse residing sociocultural groups influences the relation with other groups. The work of several social scientists, from different interdisciplinary backgrounds, over numerous years is documented using multiple research techniques to observe cultures and societies as they occur in daily practices. This analysis discovers how tourism characterizes the daily lives of social groups living in tourists' destinations and how it offers a distinctive sense of collective memories, thus unfolding cultures and societies in tourism contexts.
Tourism and ICTs: Proceedings of the TURITEC 2023 Conference, October 19–20, 2023, Málaga, Spain (Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics)
by Antonio J. Guevara Plaza Alfonso Cerezo Medina Enrique Navarro JuradoThis open-access book presents the best research papers from the XIV International Congress on Tourism and Information and Communications Technologies (TURITEC2023), held in Málaga, Spain from 19 to 20 October 2023. The book explores the profound impact of COVID-19 on the tourism industry and the increasing importance of digitalization and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as key drivers for the industry's recovery, alongside sustainability. This curated collection of research papers offers conceptualizations, methodologies, analyses, and empirical case studies that illuminate the path to a resilient and sustainable future for tourism.
East of Ireland Walks: On River And Canal (A Walking Guide)
by Lenny AntonelliRiver and canal walks can have special appeal, the scenery always changing due to flowing water, weirs, locks and the changing countryside. Ireland's rivers and canals are rich in wildlife, history and folklore, and many can be explored on mostly flat, little-used trails. These hidden corridors of wildness through rural and urban Ireland reveal remnants of a time when trade, transport and industry in Ireland revolved around water rather than roads. Lenny Antonelli introduces some of the best river and canal trails in the east and east midlands, from short strolls to a five-day trek along the Barrow. These walks encompass iconic Irish rivers such as the Liffey, the Boyne and the Nore; and waterways such as the Grand and Royal Canals. There are lesser-known trails here too, from ravines in the Slieve Bloom Mountains to the young rivers of Wicklow’s deep wooded valleys. For those new to walking, these trails form easy introductions. For experienced walkers, they provide new and less-trodden paths through places of unexpected beauty. • Also available: 'Dublin & Wicklow: A Walking Guide' by Helen Fairbairn
Murder, Mayhem and Music Hall: The Dark Side of Victorian London
by Barry AnthonyIn this book, Barry Anthony explores the criminal and socially subversive behaviourwhich abounded in and around the Victor- ian Strand. He introduces us to a vast range of characters - from prostitutes, confidence tricksters, vagrants and cadgers, to the actors, comedians and music-hall stars who trod the boards of the Strand's early theatres. He tells the stories of Lottie Collins, whose music-hall song Ta-Ra-Ra-Boom-De-Ay was said to have heralded the 'Naughty Nineties'; the disappearance of young actress Mabel Love which created a national sensation; and the murder of William Terriss, slain by a fellow actor at the stage door of the Adelphi Theatre. These stories, and many more, are played out against the physical geography of the Strand - entertainment venues such as the Coal Hole, the Cyder Cellars, the Tivoli Music Hall and the Adelphi, Gaiety and Strand theatres; vari-ous taverns, oyster bars, barbers' shops, tobacconists; the ancient and disreputable area of Holywell Street and Wych Street; and, below all, the dark, subterranean world of the Adelphi Arches.
The Fundamentals of Event Design
by Vladimir Antchak Olivia RamsbottomThe Fundamentals of Event Design aims to rethink current approaches to event design and production. The textbook explores the relationship between event design and multiple visitor experiences, as well as interactivity, motivation, sensory stimuli and co-creative participation. Structured around the key phases of event design, the book covers all the critical dimensions of event concepting, atmospherics, the application of interactive technologies, project management, team leadership, creative marketing and sustainable production. The concepts of authenticity, creativity, co-creation, imagineering and storytelling are discussed throughout, and practical step-by-step guidance is provided on how to create and deliver unique and memorable events. The chapters include industry voices offering real-life insight from leading international event practitioners and individual and/or team assignments to stimulate learners’ creativity, visualisation and problem solving. This is the first textbook in event design that integrates areas of anthropology, social psychology, management, marketing, graphic design and interactivity. Focusing on bringing theory into practice, this is essential reading for all Events Management students.
The Fundamentals of Event Design
by Vladimir Antchak Olivia RamsbottomThe Fundamentals of Event Design aims to rethink current approaches to event design and production. The textbook explores the relationship between event design and multiple visitor experiences, as well as interactivity, motivation, sensory stimuli and co-creative participation. Structured around the key phases of event design, the book covers all the critical dimensions of event concepting, atmospherics, the application of interactive technologies, project management, team leadership, creative marketing and sustainable production. The concepts of authenticity, creativity, co-creation, imagineering and storytelling are discussed throughout, and practical step-by-step guidance is provided on how to create and deliver unique and memorable events. The chapters include industry voices offering real-life insight from leading international event practitioners and individual and/or team assignments to stimulate learners’ creativity, visualisation and problem solving. This is the first textbook in event design that integrates areas of anthropology, social psychology, management, marketing, graphic design and interactivity. Focusing on bringing theory into practice, this is essential reading for all Events Management students.
The Last Wilderness: A Journey into Silence
by Neil AnsellNeil Ansell's THE LAST WILDERNESS is a mesmerising book on nature and solitude by a writer who has spent his lifetime taking solitary ventures into the wild. For any readers of the author's previous book, DEEP COUNTRY, Robert Macfarlane's THE OLD WAYS or William Atkins THE MOOR.Shortlisted for the 2018 Wainwright Golden Beer Book PrizeShortlisted for the 2018 Highland Book Prize 'Ansell has the rare skill of combining vividly the intimacy of detail and the astonishing grandeur of this North West coastline of Scotland. Through his keen eyes we look again at the familiar with a sense of wondrous revelation' Madeleine Bunting 'Beautiful...a testimony to reticent courage' Daily MailThe experience of being in nature alone is here set within the context of a series of walks that Neil Ansell takes into the most remote parts of Britain, the rough bounds in the Scottish Highlands. He illustrates the impact of being alone as part of nature, rather than outside it.As a counterpoint, Neil Ansell also writes of the changes in the landscape, and how his hearing loss affects his relationship with nature as the calls of the birds he knows so well become silent to him.
A Psychoanalytic and Socio-Cultural Exploration of a Continent: Europe on the Couch
by Anna Zajenkowska; Uri LevinThis important book gathers a set of influential international contributors with psychoanalytic and group analytic knowledge to provide a wide-ranging critical analysis of the present state of Europe. Europe is facing huge challenges: waves of immigrants are reshaping its identity and testing its tolerance; Brexit is a destabilizing factor and its outcomes are not yet clear; economic crises continue to threaten; the resurgence of nationalism is threatening an open-borders one-continent ideology. This book tackles some of these challenges. Divided into two parts, the first analyses the current social, political, cultural and economic trends in Europe using psychoanalytic and group analytic concepts, while the second concentrates on existing applications of psychoanalytic and group analytic concepts to help manage national and international change in individual countries as well as on the continent as a whole, including groups for German, Ukrainian and Russian participants; groups organised in Serbia in order to overcome the recent, traumatic past; and the "Sandwich model", developed to enhance communication in situations of conflict, trauma and blocked communication. When we feel threatened, we cling to our in-group and its members. We want to think the same and be the same as our neighbors, but this group illusion of homogeneity conceals the fact that we are different. While homogeneity offers stability, it is diversity that offers freedom. This book will be of great interest to researchers on the present state of Europe from across a range of different disciplines, from psychoanalysis to politics, sociology, economics and international relations.
Tourism and Poverty Reduction: Principles and impacts in developing countries
by Anna Spenceley and Dorothea MeyerOver the past decade, there have been an increasing number of publications that have analysed and critiqued the potential of tourism to be a mechanism for poverty reduction in less economically developed countries (LEDCs). This book showcases work by established and emerging researchers that provides new thinking and tests previously made assumptions, providing an essential guide for students, practitioners and academics. This book advances our understanding of the changes and ways forward in the field of sustainable tourism development. Five main themes are illustrated throughout the book: (1) measuring impacts of tourism on poverty; (2) the need to evaluate whether interventions that aim to reduce poverty are effective; (3) how unbalanced power relations and weak governance can undermine efforts; (4) the importance of the private sector’s use of pro-poor business practices; and (5) the value of using multidisciplinary and multi-method research approaches. Furthermore, the book shows that academic research findings can be used practically in destinations, and how practitioners can benefit from sharing their experiences with academic scholars.This book was based on a special issue and various articles from the Journal of Sustainable Tourism.
Sustainable Tourism and Indigenous Peoples
by Anna Carr, Lisa Ruhanen, Michelle Whitford and Bernard LaneThis book provides a comprehensive, detailed and insight rich review of both the positive (capacity building, cultural conservation and economic opportunities) and negative (commodification, cultural change and possible loss of ownership and control) aspects of tourism development in indigenous communities. The relationship between tourism and indigenous people provides the ultimate test of sustainable tourism as a concept for tourism management and cultural conservation. The chapters range geographically from Central and North America, through Africa, and Asia to Australia. Issues covered include governance and engagement, research, minority language issues, visitor codes of conduct, trail development, Indigenous product design, Indigenous urban festivals, Indigenous values and capitalism, gentrification, heritage interpretation, marketing, demand, world views and representation. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Sustainable Tourism.
Places: Identity, Image and Reputation
by Simon AnholtPlace branding is happening. A new field of practice and study is in existence and whatever we choose to call it there can no longer be any doubt that it is with us. This collection of intuitive and well-reserached articles examines how places and regions see themselves, and how they reflect this in their branding.
Lochs and Legends: A Scotsman's Guide to the Heart of Scotland
by null Andy the HighlanderA Scotsman’s guide to the extraordinary tapestry of the land, history, folklore and stories of his homeland. From the majestic beauty of the wild Scottish landscape to the hidden traces of its history waiting to be uncovered in every town and village, Andrew McAlindon is enthralled by the country he is lucky enough to call home. As one of Scotland’s busiest tour guides in real life and online, Andy travels around the country to ancient sites such as castles, cemeteries, burial chambers and prisons, celebrating the history, folklore, superstitions and the fascinating people that make Scotland so unique. Lochs and Legends is Andy’s love letter to Scotland, a love that began when he landed a part on the worldwide phenomenon Outlander, and led to him dedicating his life to learning more about the true star of the show – Scotland. A social media sensation as Andy the Highlander, his first book opens up Scotland’s secrets to anyone, even if they can only explore it from the comfort of their armchair. It invites you to time travel with Andy, walking in the footsteps of kings and queens, lairds and ladies, murderers, farmers, poets, invading armies, and everyday folks like himself. It is Scotland as you’ve never seen it before.
Stand-Up or Die
by Andy de la TourOriginally part of the UK alternative comedy scene, Andy de la Tour spent many years on the circuit, performing with the likes of Rik Mayall, Ben Elton, Alexei Sayle and French and Saunders. After a 20‐year break from stand‐up he returned to New York City, the genre’s spiritual home, to start all over again in the back‐rooms and dive bars of the Big Apple.This is one man’s journey through New York’s underground comedy scene. From ‘Rubber Bullets’ in lower Manhattan to the ‘Hot Tub’ in Brooklyn, Andy takes the stand. Can he makethem laugh? Will New Yorkers stomach his outsider’s take on Obama, the Tea Party and 9/11? Andy’s a long way from home and dying is not an option.
Tourism Policy and Planning Implementation: Issues and Challenges (Contemporary Geographies of Leisure, Tourism and Mobility)
by Konstantinos Andriotis Dimitrios Stylidis Adi WeidenfeldPolicy and planning are particularly important in tourism due to their multi-faceted nature and the complexity of inter-organisational relations and collaboration. This book sheds light onto these interrelations through the critical review of tourism planning policies and their measurable outcomes. Looking at a range of policies in a variety of countries at both micro and macro levels, it considers both the failures and successes of implementing tourism policies and planning initiatives. Policies discussed throughout include: cross-border tourism, planning in post-conflict destinations and sustainable tourism development. This multidisciplinary volume furthers knowledge of the impacts of planning and policy implementation on tourism development both present and future. Written by an international team of highly esteemed academics from some of the world’s leading institutions, this will be a valuable resource for students and researchers in tourism, sociology, geography, development studies, politics, economics, and management.
Tourism Policy and Planning Implementation: Issues and Challenges (Contemporary Geographies of Leisure, Tourism and Mobility)
by Konstantinos Andriotis Dimitrios Stylidis Adi WeidenfeldPolicy and planning are particularly important in tourism due to their multi-faceted nature and the complexity of inter-organisational relations and collaboration. This book sheds light onto these interrelations through the critical review of tourism planning policies and their measurable outcomes. Looking at a range of policies in a variety of countries at both micro and macro levels, it considers both the failures and successes of implementing tourism policies and planning initiatives. Policies discussed throughout include: cross-border tourism, planning in post-conflict destinations and sustainable tourism development. This multidisciplinary volume furthers knowledge of the impacts of planning and policy implementation on tourism development both present and future. Written by an international team of highly esteemed academics from some of the world’s leading institutions, this will be a valuable resource for students and researchers in tourism, sociology, geography, development studies, politics, economics, and management.
Issues and Cases of Degrowth in Tourism
by Konstantinos AndriotisDegrowth in tourism is the voluntary shift to rebuild destinations and local economies in a way in which consumption, production and the exploitation of resources are minimal. It looks to ensure that the direction of institutional changes and the orientation of technological development are controlled and in harmony with the environment. Degrowth involves people whose use of personal time enhances the richness of the tourism experience through travelling less frequently, more slowly and in a low carbon way; taking time to support the environment, the local economy and to explore the local culture. Despite the significant role degrowth can play in destination development, it has rarely been examined from a tourism studies perspective. This book takes steps to address the paucity of combined research on tourism and degrowth by presenting emergent knowledge and research on this increasingly important concept. The book: Outlines the core theme of degrowth from a tourism perspective. Contains content enriched with contributions from multi-disciplinary academics from around the world. Puts theory into practice via international case studies. Due to the multidisciplinary nature of the book, the contents will appeal to researchers and postgraduates studying tourism, environmental studies, geography, planning and development and other related disciplines.
Tourism Marketing in Western Europe (CABI Regional Tourism Series)
by Dr Konstantinos Andriotis Dimitrios Stylidis Jordi Arcos-Pumarola Jesús Barreal Pernas Thomas Bausch Bernardo Borges Francesco Calza Jacey Choe Marta Conill-Tetuà Elisabeth Cooper Rui Augusto Costa Mengyun Hu Elitza Iordanova Gil Jannes Eleonora Pantano Carina Ren Michele Simoni Annarita Sorrentino Dr Nikolaos Stylos Mariapina Trunfio Ilma Aulia ZaimTourism is characterized by diversity, enormous growth, and multidimensional impacts on several levels. In the current turbulent environment, tourism destinations need, on the one hand to maintain and enhance their products in the tourism map, and on the other hand, to protect their resources' integrity for future generations, based on sustainability premises. This is more evident for traditional destinations in Western-Europe, as many of them face the consequences of over-growth, unsustainable development, and lack of service quality. In this respect, attention in the literature needs to be given to how destinations in the region can conceptualize and mitigate their weaknesses as well as capitalize on their competences in order to plan, develop and manage tourism products that could lead them to sustainable competitiveness in the long-term. The collection of cases in this book: · Considers global trends and forces in order to understand the marketing environment of a wide number of countries and the appreciation of the sustainable competitive development of destinations. · Explores specific marketing strategies in Western-European countries' destinations. · Is authored by scholars who have performed extensive research on tourism in the countries documented. The book is of significant interest to those researching and working within the area of tourism marketing, but also of interest to students who are seeking wider reading on the topic.