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Poverty, AIDS and Hunger: Breaking the Poverty Trap in Malawi

Using the experiences of Malawi, one of the poorest countries on the African continent, to illustrate both the challenges that poverty creates, and the opportunities for change that exist. Poverty, AIDS and Hunger outlines an easily-replicable model, at modest cost, that could lift people quickly out of poverty, with sustainable benefits.

Poverty: A Persistent Global Reality

This book addresses the long-standing global issue of poverty. An introductory chapter explores concepts and definitions of poverty, the subsequent chapters providing detailed examinations of poverty in ten different countries: UK, USA, Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, Malta, The Netherlands, The Philippines and Zimbabwe. Each chapter follows a consistent format, to facilitate comparison and focuses on the following issues:- * the socio-economic and historical context within which poverty exists * the extent and nature of poverty its causes * the measures that have been taken to mitigate it. This book will be essential reading for students of social policy and administration as well as development studies and anthropology.

Poverty: A Persistent Global Reality

This book addresses the long-standing global issue of poverty. An introductory chapter explores concepts and definitions of poverty, the subsequent chapters providing detailed examinations of poverty in ten different countries: UK, USA, Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, Malta, The Netherlands, The Philippines and Zimbabwe. Each chapter follows a consistent format, to facilitate comparison and focuses on the following issues:- * the socio-economic and historical context within which poverty exists * the extent and nature of poverty its causes * the measures that have been taken to mitigate it. This book will be essential reading for students of social policy and administration as well as development studies and anthropology.

Poverty: The Basics (The Basics)

Poverty has dire consequences on the ability to fulfil one’s aspirations for life. Poverty has strong implications for social cohesion and societies’ abilities to function in harmonious ways. This book presents the readers with the core concepts, latest development and knowledge about policies that work to eliminate absolute poverty. This volume shows what the consequences are for the quality of life of those living in poverty. It describes life for people in poverty in general, but also deals more specifically with children, in-work poverty and the elderly, thus providing a life, generational and global perspective on poverty, including the impact on people’s happiness levels. The book also discusses policies aimed at poverty reduction, such as changes to the labour market – including the risk of working poor – and shows that there is a variety of possible instruments available to reduce poverty. These range from direct provision of social security to ensuring education and a better functioning labour market. Written in an engaging and accessible style, the book provides a succinct insight into the concept of poverty, how to measure it, the situation of poverty around the globe as well as different types of possible interventions to cope with poverty. Supporting theory with examples and case studies from a variety of contexts, suggestions for further reading, and a detailed glossary, this text is an essential read for anyone approaching the study of poverty for the first time.

Poverty: The Basics (The Basics)

Poverty has dire consequences on the ability to fulfil one’s aspirations for life. Poverty has strong implications for social cohesion and societies’ abilities to function in harmonious ways. This book presents the readers with the core concepts, latest development and knowledge about policies that work to eliminate absolute poverty. This volume shows what the consequences are for the quality of life of those living in poverty. It describes life for people in poverty in general, but also deals more specifically with children, in-work poverty and the elderly, thus providing a life, generational and global perspective on poverty, including the impact on people’s happiness levels. The book also discusses policies aimed at poverty reduction, such as changes to the labour market – including the risk of working poor – and shows that there is a variety of possible instruments available to reduce poverty. These range from direct provision of social security to ensuring education and a better functioning labour market. Written in an engaging and accessible style, the book provides a succinct insight into the concept of poverty, how to measure it, the situation of poverty around the globe as well as different types of possible interventions to cope with poverty. Supporting theory with examples and case studies from a variety of contexts, suggestions for further reading, and a detailed glossary, this text is an essential read for anyone approaching the study of poverty for the first time.

Pour Your Heart Into It: How Starbucks Built a Company One Cup at a Time

In Pour Your Heart Into It, former CEO and now chairman emeritus Howard Schultz illustrates the principles that have shaped the Starbucks phenomenon, sharing the wisdom he has gained from his quest to make great coffee part of the American experience. The success of Starbucks Coffee Company is one of the most amazing business stories in decades. What started as a single store on Seattle's waterfront has grown into the largest coffee chain on the planet. Just as remarkable as this incredible growth is the fact that Starbucks has managed to maintain its renowned commitment to product excellence and employee satisfaction. Marketers, managers, and aspiring entrepreneurs will discover how to turn passion into profit in this definitive chronicle of the company that "has changed everything... from our tastes to our language to the face of Main Street" (Fortune).

Pour le Sport: Physical Culture in French and Francophone Literature

This edited volume gathers together studies examining various aspects of physical culture in literature written in French from Europe and around the Francophone world. We define “physical culture” as the systematic care for and development of the physique, and interpret it to include not only sport in the modern sense, but also all the athletic activities that preceded it or relate to it, such as bodily forms of exercise, leisure, and artistic creation. Our essays pursue diverse interpretive approaches and focus on texts from a wide variety of periods (medieval to the present) and genres (short stories, novels, essays, poetry) in order to consider the fundamental—yet highly neglected—place of physical activities in literature and culture from the French-speaking world.Some of the questions the essays explore include: Does the genre “sports literature” exist in French, and if so, what are its characteristics? How do governments or other political entities mobilize sports literature? What role do narratives about sports—especially the creation of teams—play in the construction of national, regional and/or local identities? How is physical culture used in literary works for pedagogical or ideological purposes? To what extent do sports performances provide a metaphorical and figurative discourse for discussing literature and culture?

Potters without a Wheel: Ethnography of the Mritshilpis in Kolkata

This book is an ethnographic study of clay idol-makers of Kumartuli in Kolkata, India. Much of the visibility and identity of Kolkata’s creative culture has been dependent upon the clay artists of Kumartuli for the last 100 years or so. This book explores the nature of the carefully constructed identity of these idol-makers as mritshilpis , or clay artists, who, as opposed to ordinary potters, work with their hands instead of a wheel. It looks at how the mritshilpis consciously embrace and expand their market based on this variation and elevated status as artists instead of artisans and studies the embeddedness of this identity within the commodity markets. It also shows that commodity markets, in this case the market of clay idols, are an outcome of trends of urbanisation, popular demand, corporatisation and commodification of culture, all of which have shaped the contours of clay idol-making as not only an occupation but a brand identity. Drawing on extensive fieldwork and in-depth interviews, the book highlights the larger structural relationship between urbanisation, indigenous occupational categories and identity politics. It will be indispensable to scholars and researchers of sociology, social anthropology, political studies, cultural history, urban economy, art history, urbanisation, cultural studies and urban sociology.

Potters without a Wheel: Ethnography of the Mritshilpis in Kolkata

This book is an ethnographic study of clay idol-makers of Kumartuli in Kolkata, India. Much of the visibility and identity of Kolkata’s creative culture has been dependent upon the clay artists of Kumartuli for the last 100 years or so. This book explores the nature of the carefully constructed identity of these idol-makers as mritshilpis , or clay artists, who, as opposed to ordinary potters, work with their hands instead of a wheel. It looks at how the mritshilpis consciously embrace and expand their market based on this variation and elevated status as artists instead of artisans and studies the embeddedness of this identity within the commodity markets. It also shows that commodity markets, in this case the market of clay idols, are an outcome of trends of urbanisation, popular demand, corporatisation and commodification of culture, all of which have shaped the contours of clay idol-making as not only an occupation but a brand identity. Drawing on extensive fieldwork and in-depth interviews, the book highlights the larger structural relationship between urbanisation, indigenous occupational categories and identity politics. It will be indispensable to scholars and researchers of sociology, social anthropology, political studies, cultural history, urban economy, art history, urbanisation, cultural studies and urban sociology.

Potenzielle und realisierte Durchlässigkeit in gegliederten Bildungssystemen: Eine lokalstrukturelle Übertrittsanalyse in zwei Schulsystemen

Dominique Oesch analysiert die potenzielle und realisierte Durchlässigkeit anhand der Schweizer Schulsysteme des Kantons Basel-Stadt und des deutschsprachigen Teil des Kantons Fribourg. Damit leistet die Untersuchung mit Fokus auf den Übertritt in die Sekundarstufe II einen substanziellen Beitrag zur Beschreibung der Nutzung durchlässiger Strukturen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der lokalstrukturelle Kontext und das regionale Bildungsangebot die faktische Nutzung der Durchlässigkeit beeinflussen. In einer disparitätsanalytischen Perspektive finden sich für das durchlässigere Bildungssystem von Deutsch-Fribourg sowohl ungleichheitsvergrößernde als auch -vermindernde Effekte der sozialen Herkunft. Die Ergebnisse werden innerhalb ihrer institutionellen und lokalstrukturellen Kontexte diskutiert.

Potenziale entdecken: Neun Inspirationen für eine ganzheitliche Persönlichkeits- und Unternehmensentwicklung

Die Autoren zeigen auf Basis aktueller neuropsychologischer Erkenntnisse eine neue ganzheitliche Perspektive auf, wie Individuen und Kollektive wie Teams, Einheiten oder ganze Organisationen weiterentwickelt werden können. Es werden neun Potenzialfelder identifiziert und im Sinne einer ganzheitlichen Persönlichkeits- und Unternehmensentwicklung beleuchtet. Erst wenn es gelingt, alle Potenzialfelder gezielt zu „bespielen“, wird tatsächlich das gesamte Potenzial einer Persönlichkeit und/oder eines Unternehmens ausgeschöpft! Anschauliche Beiträge erfolgreicher Experten aus Wissenschaft und Unternehmenspraxis inspirieren dazu, anhand dieser Potenzialfelder neu über Menschen und Organisationen nachzudenken und Leistungspotenziale zu entdecken.

Potenziale des Fernlinienbusverkehrs in Deutschland: Eine systemdynamische Betrachtung

Christian Burgdorf geht der Frage nach, ob sich der Fernlinienbus nach der Marktliberalisierung im Januar 2013 langfristig im innerdeutschen Personenfernverkehr etablieren kann. Hierfür verwendet er ein systemdynamisches Simulationsmodell, mit dem sich die Entwicklung verschiedener Kenngrößen wie Verkehrsleistung und Umsatz unter Berücksichtigung bestimmter Rahmenbedingungen und Veränderungsprozesse in Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft abschätzen lässt. Neben fundierten Erkenntnissen zu den Potenzialen des Fernlinienbusverkehrs in Deutschland erhalten Forscher und Praktiker auch einen ausführlichen Einblick in die Konstruktion des Modells.

Potenzialbeurteilung - Diagnostische Kompetenz entwickeln, die Personalauswahl optimieren

Die lernende Potenzialbeurteilung ist ein Leitfaden zur Weiterentwicklung der diagnostischen Kompetenz, der Ihnen hilft, Ihren eigenen Weg bei der Analyse von Potenzialen zu finden und zu einem zuverlässigen diagnostischen Urteil zu gelangen. – Nah an den Anforderungen der Realität und doch entlang der Kriterien wissenschaftlich fundierter Eignungsdiagnostik. Schlüsselfertigkeiten für die Personalauswahl …

Potentialisierung organisieren: Die Entstehung eines neuen Wohlfahrtstaatsregimes? (Organisationssoziologie)

Was sind die aktuellen Herausforderungen des Managements im öffentlichen Sektor? In diesem Buch werden diese als eine Spannung zwischen klassischen Kontroll- und Steuerungsansprüchen einerseits und Erwartungen an Innovations- und Wandlungsfähigkeit andererseits beschrieben. Anhand von empirischen Analysen u.a. zur historischen Entwicklung des Wohlfahrtsstaats, zu einzelnen Wohlfahrtsorganisationen, zum Mitarbeiter in der Verwaltung oder zur Bürgerbeteiligung eruiert das Buch die Entstehung eines Wohlfahrtstaatsregimes der „Potentialisierung“: Die These ist, dass das Organisieren von Möglichkeiten jenseits gegenwärtiger Möglichkeitsvorstellungen die prägende Leitidee für die Gestaltung unserer heutigen Wohlfahrtsgesellschaft ist.Der InhaltDie Zukunft offen halten ● Die Unmöglichkeit, die Gesellschaft zu steuern ● Von der Bürokratie zur Verwaltung der Potentialisierung ● Wohlfahrtseinrichtungen als Ort unendlicher Potentialisierung ● Die Suche nach Potentialen jenseits von Fachdisziplinen und Funktionscodes ● Vom Vertrag zur Partnerschaft ● Der spielerische Mitarbeiter ● Der Bürger als Ressource ● Der Staat der PotentialisierungDie AutorenProf. Dr. Niels Åkerstrøm Andersen und Dr. Justine Grønbæk Pors sind am Department of Management, Politics and Philosophy der Copenhagen Business School tätig.

Potentiale und Grenzen von Smart Metering: Empirische Wirkungsanalyse eines Feldtests mit privaten Haushalten

Christopher Meinecke setzt sich mit der Frage auseinander, inwieweit private Haushalte in einem von erneuerbaren Energiequellen getragenen digitalen Stromnetz (Smart Grid) adaptive Stromverbraucher sein können. Basierend auf einem einjährigen Feldtest mit mehr als 650 Privathaushalten untersucht er unter Anwendung multivariater statistischer Längsschnittverfahren, welche Wirkung Smart Meter-basierte Feedback-Systeme und variable Tarif-Modelle auf ihren Stromverbrauch haben. Darüber hinaus werden die politischen, rechtlichen und wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen des noch ausstehenden Rollouts von Smart Metern in Deutschland beleuchtet.

Pot Politics: Marijuana and the Costs of Prohibition

Marijuana use continues to attract interest and fuel controversy. Big, green pot leaves have adorned the covers of Time, National Review, and Forbes. Almost 100 million Americans have tried marijuana at least once. Groups such as The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana (NORML) and The Marijuana Policy Project (MPP) have tens of thousands of members. Polls suggest that 70-80% of Americans support medicinal marijuana. At least 11 U.S. states have experimented with decriminalization and medical marijuana laws, with new initiatives appearing each year. Meanwhile, other groups such as Partnership for a Drug Free America and Mothers Against Drugs protest legalization. Clearly, debate about marijuana policy shows no sign of abating. In his earlier book, Understanding Marijuana, Mitch Earleywine forced researchers, policy makers, and citizens to avoid oversimplification, separate empirical findings from their interpretations, and understand that some things may be neither good nor evil. Pot Politics continues with these same themes, showing multiple perspectives from a variety of experts on an important problem with vast implications. The volume presents ethical, religious, economic, psychological, and political arguments for cannabis policies that range from prohibition to unrestricted legalization. By presenting a unique perspective on overlapping issues, each chapter demonstrates how even recognized experts draw markedly different conclusions from the same data. Some contributors evaluate policy by weighing the costs and benefits of control while others eschew policy by presenting moral arguments against our attempts at control. Pot Politics should be read by everyone interested in the politics of both marijuana use and governmental regulation of our actions.

Pot Politics: Marijuana and the Costs of Prohibition

Marijuana use continues to attract interest and fuel controversy. Big, green pot leaves have adorned the covers of Time, National Review, and Forbes. Almost 100 million Americans have tried marijuana at least once. Groups such as The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana (NORML) and The Marijuana Policy Project (MPP) have tens of thousands of members. Polls suggest that 70-80% of Americans support medicinal marijuana. At least 11 U.S. states have experimented with decriminalization and medical marijuana laws, with new initiatives appearing each year. Meanwhile, other groups such as Partnership for a Drug Free America and Mothers Against Drugs protest legalization. Clearly, debate about marijuana policy shows no sign of abating. In his earlier book, Understanding Marijuana, Mitch Earleywine forced researchers, policy makers, and citizens to avoid oversimplification, separate empirical findings from their interpretations, and understand that some things may be neither good nor evil. Pot Politics continues with these same themes, showing multiple perspectives from a variety of experts on an important problem with vast implications. The volume presents ethical, religious, economic, psychological, and political arguments for cannabis policies that range from prohibition to unrestricted legalization. By presenting a unique perspective on overlapping issues, each chapter demonstrates how even recognized experts draw markedly different conclusions from the same data. Some contributors evaluate policy by weighing the costs and benefits of control while others eschew policy by presenting moral arguments against our attempts at control. Pot Politics should be read by everyone interested in the politics of both marijuana use and governmental regulation of our actions.

The Postwar Japanese System: Cultural Economy And Economic Transformation

Postwar Fertility Trends and Differentials in the United States

Postwar Fertility Trends and Differentials in the United States examines fertility trends and levels within social and economic subgroups in the United States. The major portion of the book deals with the time period 1945-1969; the last chapter extends the findings through the first half of the 1970s. The study is based on data made available by the release of the 1-in-a-100 Public Use Samples from the 1960 and 1970 United States Censuses. This book is the first comprehensive study of socioeconomic fertility trends and differentials to use these Public Use Samples. The book opens with a chapter that presents annual estimates of age-specific fertility rates by educational attainment of women and by race for the period 1945-1969. Separate chapters then examine the pattern of differentials in recent fertility in the late 1950s and the late 1960s for the U.S. population as a whole; changing fertility during the period 1955-1969; and differentials in fertility within and among members of various racial and ethnic minorities. Subsequent chapters deal with rural fertility trends and differentials; the effect of migration on fertility; and the similarity of all social and economic groups with respect to fertility trends.

Posttraditionale Gemeinschaften: Theoretische und ethnografische Erkundungen (Erlebniswelten)

Der Band diskutiert neue Formen sozialer Vergemeinschaftung: Posttraditionale Gemeinschaften können die Frage ihrer Mitgliedschaft nicht wirksam sanktionieren. Sie können den Einzelnen zur Mitgliedschaft nicht verpflichten, sondern ihn in aller Regel lediglich zur Mitgliedschaft verführen. Diese "Verführung" geschieht wesentlich durch die Option zur Teilhabe an von den dadurch Angesprochenen als "erlebenswert" angesehenen sozialen Ereignissen. Derartige Ereignisse treten üblicherweise nicht zufällig ein, sondern sind in der Regel (kalkulierte) kollektive Ausbrüche aus der Banalität des Alltags.

Poststructuralist Discourse Analysis: Subjectivity in Enunciative Pragmatics (Postdisciplinary Studies in Discourse)

This book presents developments of discourse analysis in France and applies its tools to key texts from five theorists of structuralism: Lacan, Althusser, Foucault, Derrida and Sollers. It pays special attention to enunciative pragmatics as a poststructuralist approach which analyzes the discursive construction of subjectivity.

Poststructuralism, Philosophy, Pedagogy (Philosophy and Education #12)

This book has been quite long in the making. In its original format, but with some different chapters, and with the then publisher, it foundered (as did other volumes in the planned series). At the in press stage, when we obviously thought it was going ahead, it was suddenly canned. Quite distraught I closed it away in a desk drawer for a year or so. But then Joy Carp of Kluwer Academic Publishers expressed an interest in it, and we were in business again. Most of the contributors to the original volume have stayed with it, only to be delayed by myself, for a variety of reasons (but see the dedication). I had been writing on Michel Foucault for a number of years but had become concerned about mis-appropriations of his ideas and works in educational literature. I was also concerned about the increasingly intemperate babble in that literature of the notion of postmodernism. Indeed at one major educational conference in North America I listened to a person expounding postmodernism in terms of ‘Destroy, Destroy, Destroy’. Like Michel Foucault I am not quite sure what postmodernism is, but following Mark Poster’s account of poststructuralism - as merely a collective term to catch a number of French thinkers – I thought that what we had to do in education was to look at what particular thinkers had said, and not become involved in vapid discussion at an abstract level on ‘-isms’. Thus the book was conceived.

Poststructuralism and After: Structure, Subjectivity and Power

This book articulates the key theoretical assumptions of poststructuralism, but also probes its limits, evaluates rival approaches and elaborates new concepts. Building on the work of Derrida, Foucault, Heidegger, Lacan, Laclau, Lévi–Strauss, Marx, Saussure and Žižek, the book also provides a distinctive version of the poststructuralist project.

Postsecular Feminisms: Religion and Gender in Transnational Context

Postsecular Feminisms explores the contested relationship between feminism and secularism through a series of case studies, featuring perspectives from the global North and South. It offers insights beyond those of the Abrahamic traditions, and includes multiple examples from South Asia. By decentering the European experience, Postsecular Feminisms shows how secularism and feminism have been constituted in North America, South Asia, and Anglophone West Africa. The book asks: can postsecular feminism offer a way to think about religion and gender so as to support women in all the variety of their lived experiences? The contributors show that postsecular feminism is a variety of feminism that is not necessarily either secularist or anti-secular. Rather it is feminism informed by a history of secularist bias within liberal feminism. Postsecular Feminisms explores both the potentials and pitfalls of postsecular feminisms, with some authors arguing that a contextually grounded praxis is possible, while others make a strong case against postsecular feminism as theory and practice.

Postsecular Feminisms: Religion and Gender in Transnational Context

Postsecular Feminisms explores the contested relationship between feminism and secularism through a series of case studies, featuring perspectives from the global North and South. It offers insights beyond those of the Abrahamic traditions, and includes multiple examples from South Asia. By decentering the European experience, Postsecular Feminisms shows how secularism and feminism have been constituted in North America, South Asia, and Anglophone West Africa. The book asks: can postsecular feminism offer a way to think about religion and gender so as to support women in all the variety of their lived experiences? The contributors show that postsecular feminism is a variety of feminism that is not necessarily either secularist or anti-secular. Rather it is feminism informed by a history of secularist bias within liberal feminism. Postsecular Feminisms explores both the potentials and pitfalls of postsecular feminisms, with some authors arguing that a contextually grounded praxis is possible, while others make a strong case against postsecular feminism as theory and practice.