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The Spirit of England: Selected Essays of Stephen Medcalf

Stephen Medcalf (1937-2006) was an essayist, in the best traditional sense of that calling: a writer not of books but of substantial and justly celebrated essays, widely read in the Times Literary Supplement and elsewhere. Medcalf's abiding question to the world was the Psalmist's: 'What is man that thou art mindful of him?' His was a Blakean sense of Englishness, far from the chocolate-box painting or the television adaptation, and for him the strongest writers were those keenly aware of their roots in the classical, Anglo-Saxon or Celtic past. By gathering together Medcalf's most important work, this volume shows the coherence of his thinking, and of the elusive, complicated literary heritage he celebrated, one which acknowledges the Greco-Roman strain, the Christian strain, the down-to-earth humour and the sly irony. Thirteen substantial essays cover Virgil, the Bible, the English translation of Alfred, Piers Plowman, the 'half-alien culture' of the high Middle Ages, Chaucer's contemporary Thomas Usk, Shakespeare's images of resurrection, Horace and Kipling juxtaposed, G. K. Chesterton, T. S. Eliot's use of Ovid, P. G. Wodehouse, William Golding, John Betjeman, Geoffrey Hill and other writers. The book concludes with perhaps Medcalf's most personal article of all: his account of finding a baby in a phone box on a cold winter's night, which first appeared in the Guardian Christmas Supplement in 2002.

Spirit Machines

SPIRIT MACHINES, Robert Crawford's fourth collection, attends imaginatively to the fusion of spiritual experience and the insistently material world. In several of the poems, emotional and religious insights merge lyrically with modern technologies of information. The title sequence deals with bereavement and memorializes the poet's father, who died in1997, while the serio-comical catechism of 'A Life-Exam' arises from the experience of hospitalisation. The imaginative, 360-line tour de force 'Impossibility' presents a swirling underwater world imaging the heroic struggle of the nineteenth-century writer and mother, Margaret Oliphant. While some of the poems communicate a sense of hurt and loss, others are insuperably comic, giving the collection an ambitious range and vitality. Throughout the book, Robert Crawford's alert sense of Scotland provides a source and sounding-board for poems -lyrics, ballads, verse narratives and prose poems - that are finely nuanced, moving, and excitingly resourceful.

Spirit in the Dark: A Religious History of Racial Aesthetics

Most of the major black literary and cultural movements of the twentieth century have been understood and interpreted as secular, secularizing and, at times, profane. In this book, Josef Sorett demonstrates that religion was actually a formidable force within these movements, animating and organizing African American literary visions throughout the years between the New Negro Renaissance of the 1920s and the Black Arts movement of the 1960s. Sorett unveils the contours of a literary history that remained preoccupied with religion even as it was typically understood by authors, readers, and critics alike to be modern and, therefore, secular. Spirit in the Dark offers an account of the ways in which religion, especially Afro-Protestantism, remained pivotal to the ideas and aspirations of African American literature across much of the twentieth century. From the dawn of the New Negro Renaissance until the ascendance of the Black Arts movement, black writers developed a spiritual grammar for discussing race and art by drawing on terms such as "church" and "spirit" that were part of the landscape and lexicon of American religious history. Sorett demonstrates that religion and spirituality have been key categories for identifying and interpreting what was (or was not) perceived to constitute or contribute to black literature and culture. By examining figures and movements that have typically been cast as "secular," he offers theoretical insights that trouble the boundaries of what counts as "sacred" in scholarship on African American religion and culture. Ultimately, Spirit in the Dark reveals religion to be an essential ingredient, albeit one that was always questioned and contested, in the forging of an African American literary tradition.

Spirit in the Dark: A Religious History of Racial Aesthetics

Most of the major black literary and cultural movements of the twentieth century have been understood and interpreted as secular, secularizing and, at times, profane. In this book, Josef Sorett demonstrates that religion was actually a formidable force within these movements, animating and organizing African American literary visions throughout the years between the New Negro Renaissance of the 1920s and the Black Arts movement of the 1960s. Sorett unveils the contours of a literary history that remained preoccupied with religion even as it was typically understood by authors, readers, and critics alike to be modern and, therefore, secular. Spirit in the Dark offers an account of the ways in which religion, especially Afro-Protestantism, remained pivotal to the ideas and aspirations of African American literature across much of the twentieth century. From the dawn of the New Negro Renaissance until the ascendance of the Black Arts movement, black writers developed a spiritual grammar for discussing race and art by drawing on terms such as "church" and "spirit" that were part of the landscape and lexicon of American religious history. Sorett demonstrates that religion and spirituality have been key categories for identifying and interpreting what was (or was not) perceived to constitute or contribute to black literature and culture. By examining figures and movements that have typically been cast as "secular," he offers theoretical insights that trouble the boundaries of what counts as "sacred" in scholarship on African American religion and culture. Ultimately, Spirit in the Dark reveals religion to be an essential ingredient, albeit one that was always questioned and contested, in the forging of an African American literary tradition.

Spirit Becomes Matter: The Brontes, George Eliot, Nietzsche (Edinburgh Critical Studies in Victorian Culture (PDF))

Traces the development of critical moral psychology in the central novels of the Brontës and George Eliot This book explains how, under the influence of the new 'mental materialism' that held sway in mid-Victorian scientific and medical thought, the Brontës and George Eliot in their greatest novels broached a radical new form of novelistic moral psychology. This was one no longer bound by the idealizing presuppositions of traditional Christian moral ideology, and, as Henry Staten argues, is closely related to Nietzsche’s physiological theory of will to power (itself directly influenced by Herbert Spencer). On this reading, Staten suggests, the Brontës and George Eliot participate, with Flaubert, Baudelaire, and Nietzsche, in the beginnings of the modernist turn toward a strictly naturalistic moral psychology, one that is 'non-moral' or 'post-moral'.

Spirit: Fire on the Inside (Black Religion/Womanist Thought/Social Justice)

In this book Kurt Buhring explores concepts of spirit(s) within various Black religions as a means to make a constructive theological contribution to contemporary Black theology in regard to ideas of the Holy Spirit, or pneumatology. He argues that there are rich resources within African and African-based religions to develop a more robust notion of the Holy Spirit for contemporary Black liberation theology. In so doing, Buhring offers a pneumatology that understands divine power and presence within humanity and through human action. The theology offered maintains the fundamental claim that God acts as liberator of the oppressed, while also calling for greater human responsibility and capability for bringing about liberation.

The Spiral of Silence: New Perspectives on Communication and Public Opinion

Since its original articulation in the early 1970s, the 'spiral of silence' theory has become one of the most studied theories of communication and public opinion. It has been tested in varied sociopolitical contexts, with different issues and across communication systems around the world. Attracting the interest of scholars from communication, political science, sociology, public opinion and psychology, it has become both the subject of tempestuous academic debate as well as a mainstay in courses on communication theory globally. Reflecting substantial new thinking, this collection provides a comprehensive examination of the spiral of silence theory, offering a synthesis of prior research as well as a solid platform for future study. It addresses various ideological and methodological criticisms of the theory, links the theory with allied areas of scholarship, and provides analyses of empirical tests. Contributors join together to present a breadth of disciplinary and international perspectives. As a distinctive and innovative examination of this influential theory, this volume serves as a key resource for future research and scholarship in communicaiton, public opinion, and political science.

The Spiral of Silence: New Perspectives on Communication and Public Opinion

Since its original articulation in the early 1970s, the 'spiral of silence' theory has become one of the most studied theories of communication and public opinion. It has been tested in varied sociopolitical contexts, with different issues and across communication systems around the world. Attracting the interest of scholars from communication, political science, sociology, public opinion and psychology, it has become both the subject of tempestuous academic debate as well as a mainstay in courses on communication theory globally. Reflecting substantial new thinking, this collection provides a comprehensive examination of the spiral of silence theory, offering a synthesis of prior research as well as a solid platform for future study. It addresses various ideological and methodological criticisms of the theory, links the theory with allied areas of scholarship, and provides analyses of empirical tests. Contributors join together to present a breadth of disciplinary and international perspectives. As a distinctive and innovative examination of this influential theory, this volume serves as a key resource for future research and scholarship in communicaiton, public opinion, and political science.

The Spiral of Memory: Interviews (Poets On Poetry)

With the recently-published The Woman Who Fell from the Sky, Joy Harjo has emerged as one of the most powerful Native American voices of her generation. Over the past two decades, Harjo has refined and perfected a unique poetic voice that speaks her multifaceted experience as Native American, woman and Westerner in twentieth-century society. The Spiral of Memory gathers the conversations in which Harjo has articulated her singular yet universal perspective on the world and her poetry. She reflects upon the nuances and development of her art, the importance of her origins, the arduous reconstruction of the tribal past, the dramatic confrontation between Native American and Anglo civilizations, the existential and artistic itinerary through present-day America, and other provocative and profoundly human themes. Joy Harjo is the author of several volumes of poetry. She received awards from the National Endowment for the Arts, the Before Columbus Foundation, and the Poetry Society of America. She is Professor of English, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque. Laura Coltelli is Associate Professor of American Literature, University of Pisa.

Spinoza's Ethics

An authoritative edition of George Eliot's elegant translation of Spinoza's greatest philosophical workIn 1856, Marian Evans completed her translation of Benedict de Spinoza's Ethics while living in Berlin with the philosopher and critic George Henry Lewes. This would have become the first edition of Spinoza's controversial masterpiece in English, but the translation remained unpublished because of a disagreement between Lewes and the publisher. Later that year, Evans turned to fiction writing, and by 1859 she had published her first novel under the pseudonym George Eliot. This splendid edition makes Eliot's translation of the Ethics available to today's readers while also tracing Eliot's deep engagement with Spinoza both before and after she wrote the novels that established her as one of English literature's greatest writers.Clare Carlisle's introduction places the Ethics in its seventeenth-century context and explains its key philosophical claims. She discusses George Eliot's intellectual formation, her interest in Spinoza, the circumstances of her translation of the Ethics, and the influence of Spinoza's ideas on her literary work. Carlisle shows how Eliot drew on Spinoza's radical insights on religion, ethics, and human emotions, and brings to light surprising affinities between Spinoza's austere philosophy and the rich fictional worlds of Eliot's novels.This authoritative edition demonstrates why George Eliot's translation remains one of the most compelling and philosophically astute renderings of Spinoza's Latin text. It includes notes that indicate Eliot's amendments to her manuscript and that discuss her translation decisions alongside more recent English editions.

Spinoza's Ethics

An authoritative edition of George Eliot's elegant translation of Spinoza's greatest philosophical workIn 1856, Marian Evans completed her translation of Benedict de Spinoza's Ethics while living in Berlin with the philosopher and critic George Henry Lewes. This would have become the first edition of Spinoza's controversial masterpiece in English, but the translation remained unpublished because of a disagreement between Lewes and the publisher. Later that year, Evans turned to fiction writing, and by 1859 she had published her first novel under the pseudonym George Eliot. This splendid edition makes Eliot's translation of the Ethics available to today's readers while also tracing Eliot's deep engagement with Spinoza both before and after she wrote the novels that established her as one of English literature's greatest writers.Clare Carlisle's introduction places the Ethics in its seventeenth-century context and explains its key philosophical claims. She discusses George Eliot's intellectual formation, her interest in Spinoza, the circumstances of her translation of the Ethics, and the influence of Spinoza's ideas on her literary work. Carlisle shows how Eliot drew on Spinoza's radical insights on religion, ethics, and human emotions, and brings to light surprising affinities between Spinoza's austere philosophy and the rich fictional worlds of Eliot's novels.This authoritative edition demonstrates why George Eliot's translation remains one of the most compelling and philosophically astute renderings of Spinoza's Latin text. It includes notes that indicate Eliot's amendments to her manuscript and that discuss her translation decisions alongside more recent English editions.

Spinoza im frühen 20. Jahrhundert: Rezeptionen in der jiddischen und deutsch-jüdischen Literatur und Philosophie (Schriften zur Weltliteratur/Studies on World Literature #14)

Die breite jüdische Spinoza-Rezeption hatte mit Moses Mendelssohn begonnen und fand in Deutschland im Jahr 1932 mit dem Spinoza-Jubiläum ein Ende. Die jüdische Auseinandersetzung ist Teil der gesamten deutschsprachigen Spinoza-Rezeption, die im 19. Jahrhundert ihren Höhepunkt hatte und zu der neben philosophischen auch literarische Rezeptionen gehörten. Am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts setzte eine jiddische Spinoza-Rezeption ein. In der Zwischenkriegszeit entstanden eine Reihe von jiddischen Texten, die die Person Baruch Spinozas und seine Theorie thematisierten. Das Buch widmet sich der Untersuchung der Spinoza-Texte von Yankev Shatzky, Melech Ravitch, Avrom Koralnik, Avrom Sutzkever, H. Leivick und Yoysef Tunkler. Ihre Spinoza-Rezeptionen werden mit denen einiger deutsch-jüdischer Autoren und Autorinnen verglichen. Die Analysen der Abhandlung stehen in einem literaturwissenschaftlich-komparatistischen und jiddistischen Kontext, zu dem philosophisch orientierte Perspektiven hinzutreten. Zudem bietet das Buch eine kompakte Darstellung des Rezeptionsthemas ab 1670 (u.a. zu Goethe, Hölderlin, Heine).

Spinoza and the Specters of Modernity: The Hidden Enlightenment of Diversity from Spinoza to Freud

An original and broad-ranging reassessment of Spinoza's intellectual legacy, which discusses a key shift in thought about the mind-body problem and the relationship between the particular and the universal from Spinoza to Freud. The book introduces the reader to the interconnections between philosophy and culture and literature and religion in the context of German intellectual history and, specifically, in the influence and legacy of Spinoza.

Spilling the Beans on the Cat's Pyjamas: Popular Expressions - What They Mean and Where We Got Them (I Used to Know That #5)

How on earth did 'with bells on' come to express enthusiasm? What do chips on shoulders have to do with inferiority complexes? And who is the face that launched a thousand ships? Did you know that 'the rule of thumb' refers to the use of the thumb to make measurements, as the first joint of the average adult thumb measures one inch?Spilling the Beans on the Cat's Pyjamas provides us with the meanings of these well-worn and much-loved phrases by putting these linguistic quirks in context, and explaining how and why they were first used. Absorbing, diverting and fascinating - Spilling the Beans really is the bee's knees!

Spielräume des Affektiven: Konzeptionelle und exemplarische Studien zur frühneuzeitlichen Affektkultur

Der Band eröffnet interdisziplinäre Zugriffe auf die Dynamik affektiver Normen und Normierungen in der Frühen Neuzeit. Welchen Normen war affektives Handeln unterworfen? Gab es geschlechterspezifische Unterschiede, die die Spielräume des Affektiven und die Möglichkeiten, diese zu verändern, prägten? Wie wurden diese Spielräume gesellschaftlich konnotiert und in den Künsten thematisiert? Diese und verwandte Fragen werden konzeptionell und exemplarisch mit Beiträgen aus Theologie, Philosophie, Literatur-, Musik-, Kunst- und Geschichtswissenschaft behandelt.

Spielraum: Teaching German through Theater

Spielraum: Teaching German through Theater is a sourcebook and guide for teaching German language and culture, as well as social, cross-cultural, and multi-ethnic tensions, through dramatic texts. This book presents a range of theoretical and practical resources for the growing number of teachers who wish to integrate drama and theater into their foreign-language curriculum. As such, it may be adopted as a flexible tool for teachers seeking ways to reinvigorate their language classrooms through drama pedagogy; to connect language study to the study of literature and culture; to inspire curricular rejuvenation; or to embark on full-scale theater productions. Focusing on specific dramatic works from the rich German-speaking tradition, each chapter introduces unique approaches to a play, theme, and genre, while also taking into account practical issues of performance.

Spielraum: Teaching German Through Theater

Spielraum: Teaching German through Theater is a sourcebook and guide for teaching German language and culture, as well as social, cross-cultural, and multi-ethnic tensions, through dramatic texts. This book presents a range of theoretical and practical resources for the growing number of teachers who wish to integrate drama and theater into their foreign-language curriculum. As such, it may be adopted as a flexible tool for teachers seeking ways to reinvigorate their language classrooms through drama pedagogy; to connect language study to the study of literature and culture; to inspire curricular rejuvenation; or to embark on full-scale theater productions. Focusing on specific dramatic works from the rich German-speaking tradition, each chapter introduces unique approaches to a play, theme, and genre, while also taking into account practical issues of performance.

Spielmannsepik: Sammlung Metzler, 19 (Sammlung Metzler)

Spielformen der Störung: Ror Wolfs radikaler Realismus im Kontext experimenteller Prosa der 1950er-1980er Jahre (Lettre)

Weltabgewandter Sprachspieler oder »radikaler Realist«? Fremd- und Selbstzuschreibung gehen in Bezug auf den Autor Ror Wolf weit auseinander. Dies gründet auf einer nur scheinbaren Paradoxie: In Wolfs vielgestaltigem Werk vollzieht sich der Zugriff auf Wirklichkeit gerade im Modus der Sabotage, Unterbrechung, Irritation oder Verzerrung - kurz: im Modus der Störung. Ausgehend von der langen Prosa fragt Barbara Bausch nach möglichen Formen literarischer Referenzialität. Dabei konturiert sie Ror Wolfs experimentelle und zugleich engagierte Poetik des ästhetisch produktiven Störens als Kreuzungspunkt verschiedenster Suchbewegungen des Prosaschreibens in den 1950er bis 1980er Jahren.

Spielfiguren: M&P Schriftenreihe

Spielend Lernen im Flow: Die motivationale Wirkung von Serious Games im Schulunterricht (Medienbildung und Gesellschaft)

Anna Hoblitz untersucht die Nutzung und Wirkung von Serious Games als interaktives Lernmedium. Im Mittelpunkt der Überlegungen steht neben der neuen Form des Wissenstransfers besonders die Motivationskraft von digitalen Spielen. Die Hoffnung, Lernen »besser«, also einfacher oder effizienter, zu gestalten, führt zu einem wachsenden Interesse der Forschung sowie von Pädagogen, Eltern, Spielern und Spieleentwicklern an Serious Games bzw. an dem digital game-based Learning. Doch können Serious Games, wenn sie im Schulunterricht eingesetzt werden und damit auch ein Lernziel verfolgen, tatsächlich die zugeschriebene motivationale Wirkung entfalten? Wie verhalten sich dabei Spiel- und Lernmotivation zueinander? Antworten auf diese und weitere Fragen werden auf Basis einer quantitativen Untersuchung eines Serious Game im Fachunterricht diskutiert.

Spielen ist unwahrscheinlich: Eine Theorie der ludischen Aktion

Begründet und entfaltet wird ein Begriff des Spiels, der sich um Lockungen und Drohungen des Unerwarteten dreht. Das Autorenduo ordnet seine Theorie der ludischen Aktion in klassische Konzepte des Spiels ein sowie in den aktuellen Diskurs der Game Studies. Die phänomenale Mannigfaltigkeit des Spiels wird in historischer Perspektive skizziert und in systematischer Weise gegliedert. Die Autoren erläutern medientechnische und kommunikative Voraussetzungen des Booms der Computerspiele und reflektieren die Diskussion über Eskalationen ludischer Gewalt. Kritisch ausgeleuchtet werden Instrumentalisierungen des Spiels, die sich unter dem Stichwort Gamification wachsender Beliebtheit erfreuen. Die auffällige Inflation der Spielmetapher wird in Zusammenhang gebracht mit ludischen Anmutungen in den sozialen Strukturen der modernen und digitalen Gesellschaft.Fabian Arlt, M. A., hat Medienmanagement studiert und promoviert im Studiengang Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftskommunikation der Universität der Künste (UdK) in Berlin.Prof. Dr. Hans-Jürgen Arlt ist Sozialwissenschaftler und Publizist, er lehrt am Institut für Theorie und Praxis der Kommunikation der Universität der Künste (UdK) in Berlin.

Spiegel der Geschlechterdifferenz: Frauendidaxen im Frankreich des späten Mittelalters (Ergebnisse der Frauenforschung)

Reden und Schreiben sind nicht geschlechtsneutral, sondern reflektieren geschlechtsspezifische Erfahrungen und Vorstellungen. Bereits in Frauendidaxen des 14. und 15. Jahrhunderts ist die Differenz der Geschlechter Bestandteil der Anweisungen. Untersucht werden drei zeitnah entstandene Werke, mit vergleichbaren standes- und geschlechtstypischen Ratschlägen für Frauen. Der Livre du Chevalier de la Tour Laundry und der Menagier de Paris wurden von Männern verfasst. Sie konzentrieren sich auf die für den adligen und bürgerlichen Stand relevanten christlichen Tugenden und dem Gehorsam gegenüber dem Ehemann. Christine de Pizan wendet sich in ihrem Livre des Trois Vertus an Adressatinnen aus allen Ständen. Ihr geht es darum, ihre Leserinnen für alle Lebensbereiche kompetent zu machen. Sylvia Nagel erarbeitet die Interdependenz der in den drei Texten erkennbaren männlich dominanten und weiblich unterdrückten Kultur und deren Ausprägungen als kulturelle und soziale Erscheinungen. Es zeigt sich, dass Christine de Pizan mit ihren Vorstellungen von weiblichen Tätigkeitsfeldern und den Handlungs- und Sprachmöglichkeiten von Frauen eine herausragende Stellung in der didaktischen französischen Literatur einnimmt.

Spezialisierung im Journalismus

Auf die immer stärkere Ausdifferenzierung des Publikums in kleinere und kleinste Interessengruppen reagiert der Journalismus mit einer zunehmenden Spezialisierung: Nahezu jedes vermutete oder offenkundige Publikumsinteresse wird mit publizistischen Angeboten in jeder denkbaren Form bedient. So findet man im Printbereich neben klassischen Allround-Titeln für Wirtschaft, Sport, Politik und Kultur auch Very-special-interest- und Fach-Publikationen für den Geldanleger, den Jazzliebhaber, den Segler, den Angler, den Uhrenfan. Im Internet boomen immer spezialisiertere Webseiten und Blogs. Und auch das Fernsehen entdeckt zunehmend kleinere Nischen und Sparten. Mit den positiven wie negativen Aspekten dieser Spezialisierung setzt sich der vorliegende Sammelband sowohl aus wissenschaftlicher als auch aus praxis-bezogener Sichtweise auseinander.

Spenser's Irish Work: Poetry, Plantation and Colonial Reformation

Exploring Edmund Spenser's writings within the historical and aesthetic context of colonial agricultural reform in Ireland, his adopted home, this study demonstrates how Irish events and influences operate in far more of Spenser's work than previously suspected. Thomas Herron explores Spenser's relation to contemporary English poets and polemicists in Munster, such as Sir Walter Raleigh, Ralph Birkenshaw and Parr Lane, as well as heretofore neglected Irish material in Elizabethan pageantry in the 1590s, such as the famously elaborate state performances at Elvetham and Rycote. New light is shed here on the Irish significance of both the earlier and later Books of The Fairie Queene. Herron examines in depth Spenser's adaptation of the paradigm of the laboring artist for empire found in Virgil's Georgics, which Herron weaves explicitly with Spenser's experience as an administrator, property owner and planter in Ireland. Taking in history, religion, geography, classics and colonial studies, as well as early modern literature and Irish studies, this book constitutes a valuable addition to Spenser scholarship.