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The Alphabet and the Brain: The Lateralization of Writing
by Derrick De Kerckhove Charles J. LumsdenThis book is a consequence of the suggestion that a major key to ward understanding cognition in any advanced culture is to be found in the relationships between processing orthographies, lan guage, and thought. In this book, the contributors attempt to take only the first step, namely to ascertain that there are reliable con stancies among the interactions between a given type of writing and specific brain processes. And, among the possible brain processes that could be investigated, only one apparently simple issue is being explored: namely, whether the lateralization of reading and writing to the right in fully phonemic alphabets is the result of formalized but essentially random occurrences, or whether some physiological determinants are at play. The original project was much more complicated. It began with Derrick de Kerckhove's attempt to establish a connection between the rise of the alphabetic culture in Athens and the development of a theatrical tradition in that city from around the end of the 6th century B. c. to the Roman conquest. The underlying assumption, first proposed in a conversation with Marshall McLuhan, was that the Greek alphabet was responsible for a fundamental change in the psychology of the Athenians and that the creation of the great tragedies of Greek theatre was a kind of cultural response to a con dition of deep psychological crisis.
The American Jury On Trial: Psychological Perspectives
by Saul M. Kassin Lawrence S. WrightsmanFirst Published in 1988. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The American Jury On Trial: Psychological Perspectives
by Saul M. Kassin Lawrence S. WrightsmanFirst Published in 1988. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Anatomy of Psychotherapy
by Lawrence FriedmanOver the past decades, Lawrence Friedman has emerged as one of the most erudite and provocative theoriss in contemporary psychotherapy. The Anatomy of Psychotherapy interweaves Friedman's major contributions to the analytic and psychiatric literature with extensive new material in arriving at an extraordinarily rich and nuanced appreciation of psychotherapy. The Anatomy of Psychotherapy describes how the therapist makes use of theories and styles in order to achieve equilibrium under stress. This stress, according to Friedman, is related to the "absolute ambiguity" that is essential to psychotherapy. To cope with this ambiguity, the therapist alternates among three different roles, those of reader, historian, and pragmatic operator. Friedman examines these "disambiguating postures" in detail, paying special attention to their bearing on the therapist's narrative prejudice, the relativity of his knowledge, and the relationship of his work to natural science and hermeneutics. Brilliantly constructed and masterfully written, The Anatomy of Psychotherapy traverses the same basic themes in each of its six sections. Readers who are interested in theory can hone in on relevant topics or the work of particular theorists. Readers seeking insight into the demands of daily clinical work, on the other hand, can bypass the systematic studies and immerse themselves in Friedman's engrossing reflections on the experience of psychotherapy. Best served will be those who ponder Friedman's writings and therapy as complementary meditations issuing from a single, unifying vision, one in which psychotherapy, in both its promise and frustrations, becomes a subtle interplay among theories about psychotherapy, the personal styles of psychotherapists, and the practical exigencies of aiding those in distress.
The Anatomy of Psychotherapy
by Lawrence FriedmanOver the past decades, Lawrence Friedman has emerged as one of the most erudite and provocative theoriss in contemporary psychotherapy. The Anatomy of Psychotherapy interweaves Friedman's major contributions to the analytic and psychiatric literature with extensive new material in arriving at an extraordinarily rich and nuanced appreciation of psychotherapy. The Anatomy of Psychotherapy describes how the therapist makes use of theories and styles in order to achieve equilibrium under stress. This stress, according to Friedman, is related to the "absolute ambiguity" that is essential to psychotherapy. To cope with this ambiguity, the therapist alternates among three different roles, those of reader, historian, and pragmatic operator. Friedman examines these "disambiguating postures" in detail, paying special attention to their bearing on the therapist's narrative prejudice, the relativity of his knowledge, and the relationship of his work to natural science and hermeneutics. Brilliantly constructed and masterfully written, The Anatomy of Psychotherapy traverses the same basic themes in each of its six sections. Readers who are interested in theory can hone in on relevant topics or the work of particular theorists. Readers seeking insight into the demands of daily clinical work, on the other hand, can bypass the systematic studies and immerse themselves in Friedman's engrossing reflections on the experience of psychotherapy. Best served will be those who ponder Friedman's writings and therapy as complementary meditations issuing from a single, unifying vision, one in which psychotherapy, in both its promise and frustrations, becomes a subtle interplay among theories about psychotherapy, the personal styles of psychotherapists, and the practical exigencies of aiding those in distress.
Angst: Leitsymptom psychiatrischer Erkrankungen
by Hanns Hippius Manfred Ackenheil Rolf R. EngelAngst ist ein natürlicher Bestandteil unseres Lebens und dient in dieser Funktion als Schutz, um entwicklungsgeschichtlich das Überleben der Art zu gewährleisten. Von dieser natürlichen Angst muß eine pathologische Angst, die im Rahmen psychiatrischer Erkrankungen auftritt, bzw. auch als Eigenerkrankung vorkommen kann, unterschieden werden. Übergänge von der normalen zur pathologischen Angst sind fließend. Das Buch behandelt verschiedene Aspekte der Angst, wobei im Vordergrund die Beziehung der Angst zu anderen psychiatrischen Erkrankungen steht. Theoretische biologische Grundlagen, Psychopathologie und Therapie der Angst als Symptom werden von Spezialisten aus verschiedenen Fachrichtungen beschrieben. Die Zuordnung der Angst zu anderen psychiatrischen Krankheitsbildern wird besonders hervorgehoben, bzw. von den spezifischen Angstkrankheiten abgegrenzt.
Angst — Depression — Schmerz und ihre Behandlung in der ärztlichen Praxis
by V. Beck E. Bönisch M. Daunderer P. Götze R. Grohmann H. Hippius W. Kissling R. Kocher W. Maier I. Meller B. Pflug E. Rüther M. Schmauss R. WörzDie erhebliche Zunahme von psychischen Erkrankungen und die begrenzte Zahl niedergelassener Psychiater unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit, daß ein großer Teil psychisch kranker Patienten durch den Hausarzt versorgt wird. Das Buch vermittelt dem niedergelassenen Allgemeinarzt und Internisten praktikable Handlungsanweisungen zur Erkenntnis und Differenzierung von psychischen Erkrankungen bei seinen Patienten und zum differenzierten Einsatz von Antidepressiva bei Patienten, bei denen er eine entsprechende Behandlung bisher noch nicht erwogen hat. Darüber hinaus werden auch die Grenzen hausärztlichen Handelns aufgezeigt und Empfehlungen ausgesprochen, wann der Rat eines Nervenarztes eingeholt bzw. eine entsprechende Überweisung vorgenommen werden sollte.
Anxiety and Neurosis
by Charles RycroftAnxiety may be debilitating or stimulating; it can result in neurotic symptoms or in improved, heightened performance in an actor or athlete. It is something every human being has experienced. As Professor G. M. Carstairs points out in his Foreword: 'During the course of the twentieth century we have found it progressively easier to concede that we are all to often swayed by emotion rather than reason. We have come to recognize the symptoms of neurotically ill patients are only an exaggeration of experiences common to us all, and hence that the unraveling of the psychodynamics of neurosis can teach us more about ourselves'. Although Charles Rycroft is also a psychoanalyst, it is as a biologist that he has made this study of anxiety, the three basic responses to it - attack, flight or submission - and the obsessional, phobic and schizoid and hysterical defenses. Written in precise but everyday language, Anxiety and Neurosis is based on adult experiences rather than the speculative theories of infantile instinctual development. Its clarity and authority can only add to Dr Rycroft's established international reputation.
Anxiety and Neurosis
by Charles RycroftAnxiety may be debilitating or stimulating; it can result in neurotic symptoms or in improved, heightened performance in an actor or athlete. It is something every human being has experienced. As Professor G. M. Carstairs points out in his Foreword: 'During the course of the twentieth century we have found it progressively easier to concede that we are all to often swayed by emotion rather than reason. We have come to recognize the symptoms of neurotically ill patients are only an exaggeration of experiences common to us all, and hence that the unraveling of the psychodynamics of neurosis can teach us more about ourselves'. Although Charles Rycroft is also a psychoanalyst, it is as a biologist that he has made this study of anxiety, the three basic responses to it - attack, flight or submission - and the obsessional, phobic and schizoid and hysterical defenses. Written in precise but everyday language, Anxiety and Neurosis is based on adult experiences rather than the speculative theories of infantile instinctual development. Its clarity and authority can only add to Dr Rycroft's established international reputation.
Anxiety in Childhood and Adolescence: Encouraging Self-Help Through Relaxation Training (Routledge Library Editions: Anxiety #1)
by Frank Carter Peter CheesmanMany counter-productive behaviours in children may be anxiety-related and in this book, originally published in 1988, the authors proposed that a disabling level of tension and stress experienced by many children frequently goes unrecognised. This often leads to failure to analyse psychological and educational problems and inappropriate ways of dealing with them. This book was aimed at all professional staff working with children, particularly educational and clinical psychologists and teachers. The book is however written in a jargon-free manner and should have wide appeal. The authors show how tension reduction therapy can help children overcome many problems which may manifest themselves as disturbed behaviour, poor sleep patterns, anorexia, school phobia, or poor relationship-making skills. As an extreme example it is shown how significant gains can be made by cerebral palsied children using these approaches. The book, however, is not just a manual of relaxation training; it advocates a less stress-inducing approach generally to working with children, and gives many case studies.
Anxiety in Childhood and Adolescence: Encouraging Self-Help Through Relaxation Training (Routledge Library Editions: Anxiety #1)
by Frank Carter Peter CheesmanMany counter-productive behaviours in children may be anxiety-related and in this book, originally published in 1988, the authors proposed that a disabling level of tension and stress experienced by many children frequently goes unrecognised. This often leads to failure to analyse psychological and educational problems and inappropriate ways of dealing with them. This book was aimed at all professional staff working with children, particularly educational and clinical psychologists and teachers. The book is however written in a jargon-free manner and should have wide appeal. The authors show how tension reduction therapy can help children overcome many problems which may manifest themselves as disturbed behaviour, poor sleep patterns, anorexia, school phobia, or poor relationship-making skills. As an extreme example it is shown how significant gains can be made by cerebral palsied children using these approaches. The book, however, is not just a manual of relaxation training; it advocates a less stress-inducing approach generally to working with children, and gives many case studies.
Applications of interactionist Psychology: Essays in Honor of Saul B. Sells
by Steven G. Cole Robert Demaree William CurtisThis work, honoring Saul B. Sells, adds to the understanding of the science of psychology and the application of that knowledge to meaningful human endeavors. Covers topics including: the interactionist approach and the importance of multivariate design, accuracy of measurement in order to move toward the understanding of human behavior, and the necessity of understanding personality characteristics and environmental affect. Important reading for researchers, students, and professionals in all subdisciplines of psychology, including personality development, social psychology, research methods, evaluation and measurement.
Applications of interactionist Psychology: Essays in Honor of Saul B. Sells
by Steven G. Cole and Robert G. DemareeThis work, honoring Saul B. Sells, adds to the understanding of the science of psychology and the application of that knowledge to meaningful human endeavors. Covers topics including: the interactionist approach and the importance of multivariate design, accuracy of measurement in order to move toward the understanding of human behavior, and the necessity of understanding personality characteristics and environmental affect. Important reading for researchers, students, and professionals in all subdisciplines of psychology, including personality development, social psychology, research methods, evaluation and measurement.
Applied Cognitive Psychology: An Information-Processing Framework (Psychology Revivals)
by Paul BarberOriginally published in 1988 Applied Cognitive Psychology draws on the psychology of perception, attention, and cognition to give an understanding of some everyday activities and skills. Paul Barber focuses on processes involved in selecting simple actions, face perception, reading, and tasks requiring attention skills. He uses practical problems as starting points for discussion, including mental overloading in air-traffic controllers, cooker-hob design, the use of Photokit/identikit, and reading from computer screens. The book also examines the strengths and limitations of the basic analytical approach of ‘information-processing’ in psychology. As well as providing a textbook for students of psychology and ergonomics, Applied Cognitive Psychology will still be welcomed by those from other disciplines – management studies, education, sports science – who need to understand skilled behaviour in applied settings.
Applied Cognitive Psychology: An Information-Processing Framework (Psychology Revivals)
by Paul BarberOriginally published in 1988 Applied Cognitive Psychology draws on the psychology of perception, attention, and cognition to give an understanding of some everyday activities and skills. Paul Barber focuses on processes involved in selecting simple actions, face perception, reading, and tasks requiring attention skills. He uses practical problems as starting points for discussion, including mental overloading in air-traffic controllers, cooker-hob design, the use of Photokit/identikit, and reading from computer screens. The book also examines the strengths and limitations of the basic analytical approach of ‘information-processing’ in psychology. As well as providing a textbook for students of psychology and ergonomics, Applied Cognitive Psychology will still be welcomed by those from other disciplines – management studies, education, sports science – who need to understand skilled behaviour in applied settings.
Artificial Intelligence: An Introduction (Psychology Revivals)
by Alan GarnhamFirst published in 1987, this book provides a stimulating introduction to artificial intelligence (AI) - the science of thinking machines. After a general introduction to AI, including its history, tools, research methods, and its relation to psychology, Garnham gives an account of AI research in five major areas: knowledge representation, vision, thinking and reasoning, language, and learning. He then describes the more important applications of AI and discusses the broader philosophical issues raised by the possibility of thinking machines. In the final chapter, he speculates about future research in AI, and more generally in cognitive science. Suitable for psychology students, the book also provides useful background reading for courses on vision, thinking and reasoning, language and learning.
Artificial Intelligence: An Introduction (Psychology Revivals)
by Alan GarnhamFirst published in 1987, this book provides a stimulating introduction to artificial intelligence (AI) - the science of thinking machines. After a general introduction to AI, including its history, tools, research methods, and its relation to psychology, Garnham gives an account of AI research in five major areas: knowledge representation, vision, thinking and reasoning, language, and learning. He then describes the more important applications of AI and discusses the broader philosophical issues raised by the possibility of thinking machines. In the final chapter, he speculates about future research in AI, and more generally in cognitive science. Suitable for psychology students, the book also provides useful background reading for courses on vision, thinking and reasoning, language and learning.
Ärztliche Propädeutik: Gespräch, Anamnese, Interview Einführung in die anthropologische Medizin — wissenschaftstheoretische und praktische Grundlagen (Schriften zur anthropologischen und interdisziplinären Forschung in der Medizin)
by Peter HahnDas Interesse an den anthropologischen Grundlagen der Medizin, insbesondere der psychosomatischen Medizin ist in dem Maße gewachsen, in dem die Vielfalt der sog. "ganzheitlichen" Ansätze" und der verschiedenen psychotherapeutischen Richtungen fast unübersehbar geworden ist. In dieser Situation bietet das soeben erschienene Lehrbuch eine von der unmittelbaren Beobachtung und ärztlichen Erfahrung ausgehende Klärung und Übersicht. Der Autor - Internist und Psychoanalytiker, Nachfolger von Viktor von Weizsäcker und Paul Christian als Leiter der Heidelberger Abteilung für "Allgemeine Klinische und Psychosomatische Medizin" - legt die Grundlagen einer anthropologisch verstandenen Psychosomatik vor, die Gesichtspunkte der Allgemeinen Medizin mit wissenschaftstheoretischen, praktisch-ärztlichen und persönlich-psychotherapeutischen Erfahrungen zu einer lebendigen - in der Konzeptualisierung völlig neuen - Einheit verbindet. Neuartig und ungewöhnlich ist auch die Form der Darstellung: dem fortlaufenden "text" der inhaltlichen "Vorunterweisung" wird ein "kontext" gegenübergestellt, der sehr persönliche Anmerkungen und Assoziationen des Verfassers enthält und Raum für eigene Überlegungen und Assoziationen des Lesers gibt. Aus jahrelanger Unterrichts- und Vorlesungspraxis, sowie Erfahrungen bei Fort- und Weiterbildungsveranstaltungen mit Ärzten und Studenten entstanden, bietet das Buch sowohl dem Studienanfänger wie dem erfahrenen Arzt und Psychotherapeuten eine lebendige Einführung in die Diskussion der Grundlagen ärztlicher Tätigkeit und ihrer wissenschaftlichen Bewältigung.
Assessment Issues in Child Neuropsychology (Critical Issues in Neuropsychology)
by Michael G. Tramontana Stephen R. HooperNeuropsychology has its roots in clinical neurology. Reading case de scriptions by 19th century neurologists, such as Wernicke's painstakingly detailed examinations of patients with the "aphasic symptom-complex," makes it obvious that neuropsychology is not a new discipline. Even the marriage with psychology is not new; the neurologist Arnold Pick, for example, was fully conversant with the developments in contemporary psychological as well as linguistic research. However, the primary focus of 19th and early 20th century psychology was on "general psychology," and only a small number of psychologists ventured into what then was called "differential psychology" (the psychology of individual dif ferences) including a few who became attached to neurological research and rehabilitation units after World War I. It remained until World War II for psychologists to establish a more solid working relationship with neurology. What psychology had to offer to neurology was its experimental skill, the development of a sophisticated methodology, and, for clinical work, the development of psychometrics. On the whole, the marriage between the two disciplines has been fruitful, leading to new insights, models, and discoveries about brain-behavior relationships, documented in several textbooks which appeared in rapid succession since the 1960s. In clinical practice, neuropsychology has been inventive in some respects, in others merely introducing psychometric rigor to already existing neurological examinations. As described in greater detail in this book, developmental neuropsy chology is of even more recent origin.
Assessment of Young Developmentally Disabled Children (Perspectives in Developmental Psychology)
by Theodore D. Wachs Robert SheehanOur knowledge of the cognitive and social-emotional functioning of developmentally disabled infants and preschoolers derives, in large part, from our assessment of such children. This book has been developed to familiarize readers with the characteristics of developmentally disabled children, and to introduce to readers aspects of measurement that are of relevance to the assessment of atypical infants and preschoolers. The book has been developed with clinicians and prospective clinicians in mind. These are individuals who are committed to the care and education of developmentally disabled infants and preschoolers and the families of those children. The book has thus been written to provide support for the use of assessment data in planning early interven tion programs. Of special note in the development of this edited book is that it is divided into four major parts with interrelated chapters in each part. The authors of chapters in Parts II and III had access to the chapters in Part I before writing their chapters. The summary chap ters found in Part IV were similarly written by authors having access to all chapters in Parts I-III. This approach to the development of an edited book was chosen as a way of ensuring an integration of major concepts throughout the book. This process is also a reflection of our belief that assessment is an interdisciplinary process, involving the syn thesis of a number of diverse interests.
Attitudes and Decisions (Psychology Revivals)
by J Richard Eiser Joop van der PligtThe concept of attitude has long been a central part of social psychological theories. It is important in other disciplines too, such as economics, business studies, politics and sociology. Originally published in 1988, the authors of this text show how attitudes and motives are crucial in human decision-making, and explore the relationship between them. They look closely at the real context of people’s attitudes and behaviour, pointing out that attitudes are both a social product and an intrinsic part of social action. The authors show that theories of judgment, attitudes, attribution and decision-making can make important contributions to social issues such as the employment of nuclear energy, the storage of nuclear waste, health behaviour and medical decision-making. They emphasize that social psychology is relevant to a wide variety of social issues, deriving from the theoretical and distinctive methods that social psychology has developed.
Attitudes and Decisions (Psychology Revivals)
by J Richard Eiser Joop van der PligtThe concept of attitude has long been a central part of social psychological theories. It is important in other disciplines too, such as economics, business studies, politics and sociology. Originally published in 1988, the authors of this text show how attitudes and motives are crucial in human decision-making, and explore the relationship between them. They look closely at the real context of people’s attitudes and behaviour, pointing out that attitudes are both a social product and an intrinsic part of social action. The authors show that theories of judgment, attitudes, attribution and decision-making can make important contributions to social issues such as the employment of nuclear energy, the storage of nuclear waste, health behaviour and medical decision-making. They emphasize that social psychology is relevant to a wide variety of social issues, deriving from the theoretical and distinctive methods that social psychology has developed.
