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Towards a Post-Apartheid Future: Political and Economic Relations in Southern Africa
by Gavin MaasdorpAnalyzes the political process in South Africa and the SADCC countries. The importance of parliamentary and extra-parliamentary politics in South Africa is discussed and political change in that country is related to the regional and international environments.
Traditions of International Ethics (PDF)
by David Mapel Terry NardinThis is the first comprehensive study of how different ethical traditions deal with the central moral problems of international affairs.
The Transformation Of The Supreme Court's Agenda: From The New Deal To The Reagan Administration
by Richard PacelleWhen we think of judicial activism–the Court's role in making public policy–we often focus on individuals: the Robert Borks or Thurgood Marshalls of the times. In this book, Richard Pacelle explores the institutional judicial activism of the Supreme Court through the dramatic changes in its agenda as it has evolved from 1933 to the present. Once dominated by economic issues, the Supreme Court's agenda is now populated largely by cases involving individual rights and liberties. This shift is hardly accidental, Pacelle argues, and he offers quantitative as well as qualitative assessments of the means and motivations for change. Over 7,500 cases serve as the basis of analysis, and the narrative is amplified by informative appendixes: an explanation of the author's case taxonomy, a chronology of the Court's chief justices, a list of cases cited, and a digest of key cases. The systematic framework provided for tracing historical changes in the Supreme Court's agenda is the first of its kind and is sure to be valuable in future analyses and projections of coming change beyond the Rehnquist Court.
The Transformation Of The Supreme Court's Agenda: From The New Deal To The Reagan Administration
by Richard PacelleWhen we think of judicial activism–the Court's role in making public policy–we often focus on individuals: the Robert Borks or Thurgood Marshalls of the times. In this book, Richard Pacelle explores the institutional judicial activism of the Supreme Court through the dramatic changes in its agenda as it has evolved from 1933 to the present. Once dominated by economic issues, the Supreme Court's agenda is now populated largely by cases involving individual rights and liberties. This shift is hardly accidental, Pacelle argues, and he offers quantitative as well as qualitative assessments of the means and motivations for change. Over 7,500 cases serve as the basis of analysis, and the narrative is amplified by informative appendixes: an explanation of the author's case taxonomy, a chronology of the Court's chief justices, a list of cases cited, and a digest of key cases. The systematic framework provided for tracing historical changes in the Supreme Court's agenda is the first of its kind and is sure to be valuable in future analyses and projections of coming change beyond the Rehnquist Court.
Transformational Growth and Effective Demand: Economics after the Capital Critique
by Edward J. NellA collection of essays which develop Professor Nell's economic theory of transformational growth. The author's previous titles include "Free Market Conservatism: A Critique of Theory and Practice" and "Beyond the Steady State: A Revival of Growth Theory".
Transport, the Environment and Sustainable Development
by D. Banister K. ButtonThis book presents the current thinking from leading authorities worldwide on transport and the environment and focuses on the link between transport supply and use and environmental degradation.
Transport, the Environment and Sustainable Development
by D. Banister K. ButtonThis book presents the current thinking from leading authorities worldwide on transport and the environment and focuses on the link between transport supply and use and environmental degradation.
Triumph Of The Image: The Media's War In The Persian Gulf, A Global Perspective (Critical Studies In Communication And In The Cultural Industries)
by Hamid MowlanaTHE TRIUMPH OF IMAGE over reality and reason is the theme of this book. New communication technologies have made possible the transportation of images and words in real time to hundreds of millions of people around the world. We thought we witnessed the Gulf War as we sat, mesmerized by the imagery. But the studies from the many countries assembled for this book suggest that it was not the war in the Persian Gulf that we witnessed but rather imagery orchestrated to convey a sense of triumph and thus to achieve results that reality and reason could never have achieved. The book offers contributions from thirty-five authors in eighteen countries, including short samplings from the media of several regions. The authors explore the social, economic, and political context of media coverage in their countries, the domination of one image in most of them, and the struggle for alternative perspectives. The authors probe the dynamics of image-making and pose some challenges for the future as well as provide us with a unique glimpse of how the world outside of the United States (as well as many Americans) viewed the war in the Persian Gulf and how the dynamics of image-making and information control operate. Triumph of the Image will be useful to scholars and students in communications and mass media, international relations, political science, cultural studies, propaganda, censorship, and contemporary history as well as to the general public.
True Tolerance: Liberalism and the Necessity of Judgment
by Jay BudziszewskiIn contemporary liberal thought, "tolerance" has come to be redefined as a synonym for ethical neutrality: refusal to judge among competing views of goods and evils. The result of this extreme relativism has been a foundations crisis in law, politics, education, and other areas of social life. In this lucidly written and brilliantly argued volume, J. Budziszewski attempts to reserve the self-destruction of modern liberalism by showing that true tolerance is not only consistent with taking stands about objective goods and evils, but actually requires doing so.Tolerance, falsely understood as ethical neutrality, has the paradoxical effect of crippling policy choice by divesting it of the moral and practical framework on which it depends. By painstakingly and exhaustively dissecting each of the many neutralist arguments, Budziszewski demonstrates that real neutrality is logically impossible. Confronted by alternative views, the neutralist at best obscures his own underlying judgments, and at worst abandons all possible defense against fanatics who oppose both true equality and true tolerance.True Tolerance is both a rigorous critique, and a polemic undertaken in the name of a positive, twenty-first century vision of liberalism. Budziszewsky outlines a view of true tolerance that assumes a relationship with an older liberal tradition and a codependence with other virtues, including humility, mercy, charity, respect, and courtesy. This vision is rooted in historical experience and rational conviction about what is good. In the spirit of liberal and classical theorists of virtue from Aristotle to John Locke to Alasdair MacIntyre, the virtue of true tolerance is much more than a readiness to follow known rules; it includes a developed ability to distinguish good rules from bad, and to choose rightly even where there are no rules or where rules seem to contradict each other. Accessibly written and intended for a wide readership, True Tolerance will be of special interest to political theorists and activists, and to sociologists and philosophers.
True Tolerance: Liberalism and the Necessity of Judgment
by Jay BudziszewskiIn contemporary liberal thought, "tolerance" has come to be redefined as a synonym for ethical neutrality: refusal to judge among competing views of goods and evils. The result of this extreme relativism has been a foundations crisis in law, politics, education, and other areas of social life. In this lucidly written and brilliantly argued volume, J. Budziszewski attempts to reserve the self-destruction of modern liberalism by showing that true tolerance is not only consistent with taking stands about objective goods and evils, but actually requires doing so.Tolerance, falsely understood as ethical neutrality, has the paradoxical effect of crippling policy choice by divesting it of the moral and practical framework on which it depends. By painstakingly and exhaustively dissecting each of the many neutralist arguments, Budziszewski demonstrates that real neutrality is logically impossible. Confronted by alternative views, the neutralist at best obscures his own underlying judgments, and at worst abandons all possible defense against fanatics who oppose both true equality and true tolerance.True Tolerance is both a rigorous critique, and a polemic undertaken in the name of a positive, twenty-first century vision of liberalism. Budziszewsky outlines a view of true tolerance that assumes a relationship with an older liberal tradition and a codependence with other virtues, including humility, mercy, charity, respect, and courtesy. This vision is rooted in historical experience and rational conviction about what is good. In the spirit of liberal and classical theorists of virtue from Aristotle to John Locke to Alasdair MacIntyre, the virtue of true tolerance is much more than a readiness to follow known rules; it includes a developed ability to distinguish good rules from bad, and to choose rightly even where there are no rules or where rules seem to contradict each other. Accessibly written and intended for a wide readership, True Tolerance will be of special interest to political theorists and activists, and to sociologists and philosophers.
Twenty-First Century Capitalism (The CBC Massey Lectures)
by Robert HeilbronerA New York Times Notable Book What forms will capitalism take in the twenty-first century? To answer this question, noted economist and social philosopher Robert Heilbroner looks beyond economic theory to the social and political problems of modern economic society. In this sweeping examination of the past, present, and possible future, Heilbroner considers capitalism both as an economic system and a political order. He argues persuasively that, even in an increasingly globalized economy, government remains crucial to a healthy private sector, due to the limited ability of markets to order themselves, let alone make contributions to the common good such as tackling environmental problems or providing sufficient educational programs. Heilbroner concludes this penetrating technique by speculating on whether some more participatory forms of capitalism might emerge this century.
The Two Germanies, 1945–1990: Problems of Interpretation (Studies in European History)
by Mary FulbrookCreated in the Cold War, the two Germanies - democratic, capitalist West, communist East - have provoked a wide range of controversies and conflicting interpretations amongst historians. This book presents a clear guide to the main historical approaches, and introduces key questions concerning the stages of development, political dynamics, socio-economic and cultural profiles of the two Germanies, right up to the collapse of the communist rule in 1990.
U.S. - Israeli Strategic Cooperation In The Post-cold War Era: An American Perspective
by Karen PuschelThis study moves from a history of the American-Israeli strategic relationship since 1967 to an assessment of the permanency of US-Israeli strategic ties, their purpose in the eyes of both partners, and their susceptibility to future pressures. It includes an examination of the relationship under the strain of the 1991 Gulf War.
U.S. - Israeli Strategic Cooperation In The Post-cold War Era: An American Perspective
by Karen PuschelThis study moves from a history of the American-Israeli strategic relationship since 1967 to an assessment of the permanency of US-Israeli strategic ties, their purpose in the eyes of both partners, and their susceptibility to future pressures. It includes an examination of the relationship under the strain of the 1991 Gulf War.
Ukraine: A Collection of Interviews
by Norman Stone Roman SolchanykA collection of interviews that reflects the changing face of the Ukraine, the second largest Soviet republic. The interviews demonstrate the transformation the Ukraine has gone through since the early stages of perestroika.
The Unemployment/Vacancy Curve: Theoretical Foundation and Empirical Relevance (Studies in Empirical Economics)
by Josef ChristlRising unemployment has become one of the most challenging problems for economic policy in many developed economies over the last fifteen years. In the second half of the 1970s and during the first half of the 1980s the labour market situation worsened dramatically. For the OECD area as a whole, unemployment as a percentage of the civilian labour force went up from 3.3 percent in 1974 to 8.1 percent in 1985. The increase in unemployment rates was even more pronounced for OECD-Europe, where it climbed from 3.3 percent to 10.5 percent in this period. Table 1.1: Unemployment Rates in some aECD Countries, 1974-1989 yearly average 1989 1974{79 1974 1979 1985 1980/85 1985/89 USA 5,6 5,8 7,2 5,2 6,8 8,1 6,2 UK 2,2 4,5 11,6 6,5 4,2 10,0 9,7 3,3 8,3 7,3 3,5 6,6 7,9 FRG 2,1 2,4 1,3 1,5 2,4 2,2 Sweden 1,6 1,7 Austria 1,1 1,7 3,6 3,4 1,5 3,0 3,5 Austria*) 1,5 2,0 4,8 5,0 1,9 3,6 5,3 OECDEurope 3,3 5,7 10,5 9,0 4,8 9,1 10,0 OECD 3,7 5,2 8,1 6,6 5,0 7,7 7,5 *) national definition - see footnote 1). Source: OECD, 1989; BMSA.
Unholy Joy: Including an extract from A Little White Death
by John LawtonNamed after John Profumo, Secretary of State for War, the Profumo Affair was the biggest British political scandal of 1963. His affair with Christine Keeler, the reputed mistress of an alleged Soviet spy, followed by his lying in the House of Commons when he was questioned about it, forced the resignation of Profumo and damaged the reputation of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan's government.Here, John Lawton explores how the scandal evolved and the effect it had upon the population of an increasingly liberated Britain.Unholy Joy went on to become the basis for a novel. A Little White Death has its roots in the Profumo affair, the correspondences will be apparent to the reader... but the 'buds and leaves' are Lawton's fiction. This kindle edition includes an extract from A Little White Death.
The United Nations in the 1990s
by Peter R. Baehr Leon GordenkerAttempts to explain the United Nation's first 45 years. It sets out the fundamental features of the structure of the United Nations and traces the political developments around such topics as maintaining international peace, protecting human rights and improving economic welfare.
The United States and Multilateral Institutions: Patterns of Changing Instrumentality and Influence
by Margaret P. Karns Karen A. MingstWorld politics in the post-Cold War world has become increasingly institutionalized. However, the role of international organizations has been overlooked in much of the literature on international regimes. Now in paperback, The United States and Multilateral Institutions examines United States policy in areas ranging from international trade to human rights, and in institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), GATT and the World Health Organization.
The United States and Multilateral Institutions: Patterns of Changing Instrumentality and Influence
by Margaret P. Karns Karen A. MingstWorld politics in the post-Cold War world has become increasingly institutionalized. However, the role of international organizations has been overlooked in much of the literature on international regimes. Now in paperback, The United States and Multilateral Institutions examines United States policy in areas ranging from international trade to human rights, and in institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), GATT and the World Health Organization.
The United States and the End of the Cold War: Implications, Reconsiderations, Provocations
by John Lewis GaddisThe Cold War ended with an exhilarating wave of events: the toppling of the Berlin Wall, the rise of the dissident poet Vaclav Havel, the revolution in Romania. Americans rejoiced at the dramatic conclusion of the long struggle. "But victories in wars--hot or cold--tend to unfocus the mind," writes John Gaddis. "It can be a dangerous thing to have achieved one's objectives, because one then has to decide what to do next." In The United States and the End of the Cold War, Gaddis provides a sharp focus on the long history of the Cold War, shedding new light on its sudden ending, as well as on what might come next. In this provocative, insightful book, Gaddis offers a number of thoughtful essays on the history of international relations during the last half century. His reassessments of important figures and themes from the Cold War are sometimes surprising. For example, he portrays John Foster Dulles and Ronald Reagan as far more flexible and perceptive statesmen than the missile-toting caricatures depicted in editorial cartoons. And he takes a second look at the importance of espionage and intelligence in Cold War history, a field often left to buffs and spy novelists. Most important, he focuses on the central elements in superpower relations. In an eloquent account of the American style of foreign policy in the twentieth century, for instance, he explores how Americans (having learned the lesson of Adolf Hitler) consistently equated the forms of foreign governments with their external behavior, assuming that authoritarian states would be aggressive states. He also analyzes the "tectonics" of Cold War history, demonstrating how long term changes in international affairs and Soviet bloc countries built up pressures that led to the sudden earthquakes of 1989. And along the way, Gaddis illuminates such topics as the role of morality in American foreign policy, the relevance of nuclear weapons to the balance of power, and the objectives of containment. He even includes (and criticizes) an essay entitled, "How the Cold War Might End," written before the dramatic events of recent years, to demonstrate how quickly the tide of history can overwhelm contemporary analysis. Gaddis concludes with a thoughtful consideration of the problems and forces at work in the post-Cold War world. Author of such works as The Long Peace and Strategies of Containment, John Lewis Gaddis is one of the leading authorities on postwar American foreign policy. In these perceptive, highly readable essays, he provides a fresh assessment of the evolution of the Cold War, and insight into the shape of things to come.
The United States and the European Pillar: The Strained Alliance
by William C. CronwellThe first major study of Atlantic political relations since World War 2 that uses a comparative perspective to analyze U.S. foreign policy and U.S.-European relations in the context of a Western Europe attempting to speak with one voice. The book examines U.S. policy toward European unity and the evolution of a West European pillar in foreign policy and defence, contrasts U.S. and European approaches toward specific global issues, and considers Atlantic relations in light of the dramatic European upheavals in 1989-90.
Urban Masses and Moral Order in America, 1820-1920
by Paul BoyerFor over a century, dark visions of moral collapse and social disintegration in American cities spurred an anxious middle class to search for ways to restore order. In this important book, Paul Boyer explores the links between the urban reforms of the Progressive era and the long efforts of prior generations to tame the cities. He integrates the ideologies of urban crusades with an examination of the careers and the mentalities of a group of vigorous activists, including Lyman Beecher; the pioneers of the tract societies and Sunday schools; Charles Loring Brace of the Children's Aid Society; Josephine Shaw Lowell of the Charity Organization movement; the father of American playgrounds, Joseph Lee; and the eloquent city planner Daniel Hudson Burnham. Boyer describes the early attempts of Jacksonian evangelicals to recreate in the city the social equivalent of the morally homogeneous village; he also discusses later strategies that tried to exert a moral influence on urban immigrant families by voluntarist effort, including, for instance, the Charity Organizations' "friendly visitors." By the 1890s there had developed two sharply divergent trends in thinking about urban planning and social control: the bleak assessment that led to coercive strategies and the hopeful evaluation that emphasized the importance of environmental betterment as a means of urban moral control.
Urbanization And Regional Disparities In Post-revolutionary Iran
by Ahmad SharbatoghlieIran's rapid population growth, coupled with a legacy of political and administrative centralization, has led to acute regional disparities. Although the roots of these inequalities can be traced back to the monarchical era, this book shows how the Revolution and subsequent developments have significantly affected the social and economic conditions of urban and rural areas in post-revolutionary Iran. Considering geographic, demographic, structural and policy factors, the author presents a multi-levelled analysis of Iran's current situation and offers a proposal for a more balanced future development strategy.
Urbanization And Regional Disparities In Post-revolutionary Iran
by Ahmad SharbatoghlieIran's rapid population growth, coupled with a legacy of political and administrative centralization, has led to acute regional disparities. Although the roots of these inequalities can be traced back to the monarchical era, this book shows how the Revolution and subsequent developments have significantly affected the social and economic conditions of urban and rural areas in post-revolutionary Iran. Considering geographic, demographic, structural and policy factors, the author presents a multi-levelled analysis of Iran's current situation and offers a proposal for a more balanced future development strategy.