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Computer Science -- Theory and Applications: 5th International Computer Science Symposium in Russia, CSR 2010, Kazan, Russia, June 16-20, 2010, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #6072)
by Farid M. Ablaev Ernst W. Mayr
Victorian Pain
by Rachel AblowThe nineteenth century introduced developments in science and medicine that made the eradication of pain conceivable for the first time. This new understanding of pain brought with it a complex set of moral and philosophical dilemmas. If pain serves no obvious purpose, how do we reconcile its existence with a well-ordered universe? Examining how writers of the day engaged with such questions, Victorian Pain offers a compelling new literary and philosophical history of modern pain.Rachel Ablow provides close readings of novelists Charlotte Brontë and Thomas Hardy and political and natural philosophers John Stuart Mill, Harriet Martineau, and Charles Darwin, as well as a variety of medical, scientific, and popular writers of the Victorian age. She explores how discussions of pain served as investigations into the status of persons and the nature and parameters of social life. No longer conceivable as divine trial or punishment, pain in the nineteenth century came to seem instead like a historical accident suggesting little or nothing about the individual who suffers.A landmark study of Victorian literature and the history of pain, Victorian Pain shows how these writers came to see pain as a social as well as a personal problem. Rather than simply self-evident to the sufferer and unknowable to anyone else, pain was also understood to be produced between persons—and even, perhaps, by the fictions they read.
Victorian Pain
by Rachel AblowThe nineteenth century introduced developments in science and medicine that made the eradication of pain conceivable for the first time. This new understanding of pain brought with it a complex set of moral and philosophical dilemmas. If pain serves no obvious purpose, how do we reconcile its existence with a well-ordered universe? Examining how writers of the day engaged with such questions, Victorian Pain offers a compelling new literary and philosophical history of modern pain.Rachel Ablow provides close readings of novelists Charlotte Brontë and Thomas Hardy and political and natural philosophers John Stuart Mill, Harriet Martineau, and Charles Darwin, as well as a variety of medical, scientific, and popular writers of the Victorian age. She explores how discussions of pain served as investigations into the status of persons and the nature and parameters of social life. No longer conceivable as divine trial or punishment, pain in the nineteenth century came to seem instead like a historical accident suggesting little or nothing about the individual who suffers.A landmark study of Victorian literature and the history of pain, Victorian Pain shows how these writers came to see pain as a social as well as a personal problem. Rather than simply self-evident to the sufferer and unknowable to anyone else, pain was also understood to be produced between persons—and even, perhaps, by the fictions they read.
Naturalistic Epistemology: A Symposium of Two Decades (Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science #100)
by Abner Shimony and Debra Nails1. AIMS OF THE INTRODUCTION The systematic assessment of claims to knowledge is the central task of epistemology. According to naturalistic epistemologists, this task cannot be well performed unless proper attention is paid to the place of the knowing subject in nature. All philosophers who can appropriately be called 'naturalistic epistemologists' subscribe to two theses: (a) human beings, including their cognitive faculties, are entities in nature, inter acting with other entities studied by the natural sciences; and (b) the results of natural scientific investigations of human beings, particularly of biology and empirical psychology, are relevant and probably crucial to the epistemological enterprise. Naturalistic epistemologists differ in their explications of theses (a) and (b) and also in their conceptions of the proper admixture of other components needed for an adequate treatment of human knowledg- e.g., linguistic analysis, logic, decision theory, and theory of value. Those contributors to this volume who consider themselves to be naturalistic epistemologists (the majority) differ greatly in these respects. It is not my intention in this introduction to give a taxonomy of naturalistic epistemologies. I intend only to provide an overview which will stimulate a critical reading of the articles in the body of this volume, by facilitating a recognition of the authors' assumptions, emphases, and omissions.
Transcendence: On Self-Determination and Cosmopolitanism
by Mitchell AboulafiaNotions of self-determination are central to modern politics, yet the relationship between the self-determination of individuals and peoples has not been adequately addressed, nor adequately allied to cosmopolitanism. Transcendence seeks to rectify this by offering an original theory of self and society. It highlights overlooked affinities between existentialism and pragmatism and compares figures central to these traditions. The book's guiding thread is a unique model of the social development of the self that is indebted to the pragmatist George Herbert Mead. Drawing on the work of thinkers from both sides of the Atlantic—Hegel, William James, Dewey, Du Bois, Sartre, Marcuse, Bourdieu, Rorty, Neil Gross, and Jean-Baker Miller—and according supporting roles to Adam Smith, Habermas, Herder, Charles Taylor, and Simone de Beauvoir, Aboulafia combines European and American traditions of self-determination and cosmopolitanism in a new and persuasive way.
Habermas and Pragmatism
by Mitchell Aboulafia Myra Bookman Catherine KempThere are few living thinkers who have enjoyed the eminence and reown of Jürgen Hamermas. His work has been highly influential not only in philosopy, but also in the fields of politics, sociology and law. This is the first collection dedicated to exploring the connections between his body of work ahd America's most significant philosophical movement, pragmatism. Habermas and Pragmatism considers the influence of pragmatism on Habermas's thought and the tensions between Habermasian social theory and pragmatism. Essays by distinguished pragmatists, legal and critical theorists, and Habermas cover a range of subjects including the philosophy of language, the nature of rationality, democracy, objectivity, transcendentalism, aesthetics, and law. The collection also addresses the relationship to Habermas of Kant, Peirce, Mead, Dewey, Piaget, Apel, Brandom and Rorty.
Habermas and Pragmatism
by Mitchell Aboulafia And Cathy Kemp Myra BookmanThere are few living thinkers who have enjoyed the eminence and reown of Jürgen Hamermas. His work has been highly influential not only in philosopy, but also in the fields of politics, sociology and law. This is the first collection dedicated to exploring the connections between his body of work ahd America's most significant philosophical movement, pragmatism. Habermas and Pragmatism considers the influence of pragmatism on Habermas's thought and the tensions between Habermasian social theory and pragmatism. Essays by distinguished pragmatists, legal and critical theorists, and Habermas cover a range of subjects including the philosophy of language, the nature of rationality, democracy, objectivity, transcendentalism, aesthetics, and law. The collection also addresses the relationship to Habermas of Kant, Peirce, Mead, Dewey, Piaget, Apel, Brandom and Rorty.
Deleuze and Guattari: A Psychoanalytic Itinerary (Continuum Studies in Continental Philosophy)
by Fadi Abou-RihanMost commentators judge Deleuze and Guattari's Anti-Oedipus as either a Medusa into whose face psychoanalysis cannot but stare and suffer the most abominable of deaths or a well-intentioned but thoroughly misguided flash in the pan. Fadi Abou-Rihan shows that, as much as it is an insightful critique of the assimilationist vein in psychoanalysis, Anti-Oedipus remains fully committed to Freud's most singular discovery of an unconscious that is procedural and dynamic. Moreover, Abou-Rihan argues, the anti-oedipal project is a practice where the science of the unconscious is made to obey the laws it attributes to its object. The outcome is nothing short of the "becoming-unconscious" of psychoanalysis, a becoming that signals neither the repression nor the death of the practice but the transformation of its principles and procedures into those of its object. Abou-Rihan tracks this becoming alongside Nietzsche, Winnicott, Feynman, Bardi, and Cixous in order to reconfigure desire beyond the categories of subject, lack, and tragedy. Firmly grounded in continental philosophy and psychoanalytic practice, this book extends the anti-oedipal view on the unconscious in a wholly new direction.
Deleuze and Guattari: A Psychoanalytic Itinerary (Continuum Studies in Continental Philosophy #192)
by Fadi Abou-RihanMost commentators judge Deleuze and Guattari's Anti-Oedipus as either a Medusa into whose face psychoanalysis cannot but stare and suffer the most abominable of deaths or a well-intentioned but thoroughly misguided flash in the pan. Fadi Abou-Rihan shows that, as much as it is an insightful critique of the assimilationist vein in psychoanalysis, Anti-Oedipus remains fully committed to Freud's most singular discovery of an unconscious that is procedural and dynamic. Moreover, Abou-Rihan argues, the anti-oedipal project is a practice where the science of the unconscious is made to obey the laws it attributes to its object. The outcome is nothing short of the "becoming-unconscious" of psychoanalysis, a becoming that signals neither the repression nor the death of the practice but the transformation of its principles and procedures into those of its object. Abou-Rihan tracks this becoming alongside Nietzsche, Winnicott, Feynman, Bardi, and Cixous in order to reconfigure desire beyond the categories of subject, lack, and tragedy. Firmly grounded in continental philosophy and psychoanalytic practice, this book extends the anti-oedipal view on the unconscious in a wholly new direction.
Finding Winnicott: Philosophical Encounters with the Psychoanalytic
by Fadi Abou-RihanIn Finding Winnicott: Philosophical Encounters with the Psychoanalytic, Fadi Abou-Rihan expands upon Winnicott’s category of the found object and argues that a genuine understanding of the analyst’s own thought requires that it be considered in relation to that of another. The essays in this collection are in dialogue with the work of Freud, Deleuze and Guattari, Laplanche, Bonaventure, Ibn Al-’Arabi, and Huizinga; these encounters showcase some of Winnicott’s yet unexplored contributions to the questions of subjectivity, time, and language. They weave psychoanalytic theory, clinical vignette and key moments from the history of ideas in order to shed light on our findings regarding, and indeed findings of, desire, on some of the playful but no less compelling ways in which the subject lives, suffers, understands, questions and/or normalizes desire. Chapters span a range of topics including rationales, findings and spaces, and highlight the subject as not only that which finds but that which is found. With clinical vignettes throughout, this book is vital reading for practicing analysts, as well as analysts in training and students of both philosophy and psychoanalysis.
Finding Winnicott: Philosophical Encounters with the Psychoanalytic
by Fadi Abou-RihanIn Finding Winnicott: Philosophical Encounters with the Psychoanalytic, Fadi Abou-Rihan expands upon Winnicott’s category of the found object and argues that a genuine understanding of the analyst’s own thought requires that it be considered in relation to that of another. The essays in this collection are in dialogue with the work of Freud, Deleuze and Guattari, Laplanche, Bonaventure, Ibn Al-’Arabi, and Huizinga; these encounters showcase some of Winnicott’s yet unexplored contributions to the questions of subjectivity, time, and language. They weave psychoanalytic theory, clinical vignette and key moments from the history of ideas in order to shed light on our findings regarding, and indeed findings of, desire, on some of the playful but no less compelling ways in which the subject lives, suffers, understands, questions and/or normalizes desire. Chapters span a range of topics including rationales, findings and spaces, and highlight the subject as not only that which finds but that which is found. With clinical vignettes throughout, this book is vital reading for practicing analysts, as well as analysts in training and students of both philosophy and psychoanalysis.
Theory and Practice of Formal Methods: Essays Dedicated to Frank de Boer on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #9660)
by Erika Ábrahám Marcello Bonsangue Einar Broch JohnsenThis Festschrift volume has been published in honor of Frank de Boer, on the occasion of his 60th birthday. Frank S. de Boer is a prominent member of the research community in formal methods and theoretical computer science. A brief look at his lengthy publication list reveals a broad area of interest and a versatile modus operandi with: logic and constraint programming; deductive proof systems, soundness, and completeness; semantics, compositionality, and full abstraction; process algebra and decidability; multithreading and actor-based concurrency; agent programming, ontologies, and modal logic; real-time systems, timed automata, and schedulability; enterprise architectures, choreography, and coordination; testing and runtime monitoring; and cloud computing and service-level agreements. For a while, he also liked failures, especially in semantics, and optimistically concluded with the failure of failures. In fact, Frank has an opportunistic approach to research. Rather than seeing obstacles, he finds opportunities.
Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems: 20th International Conference, TACAS 2014, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2014, Grenoble, France, April 5-13, 2014, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #8413)
by Erika Ábrahám Klaus HavelundThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2014, which took place in Grenoble, France, in April 2014, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2014. The total of 42 papers included in this volume, consisting of 26 research papers, 3 case study papers, 6 regular tool papers and 7 tool demonstrations papers, were carefully reviewed and selected from 161 submissions. In addition the book contains one invited contribution. The papers are organized in topical sections named: decision procedures and their application in analysis; complexity and termination analysis; modeling and model checking discrete systems; timed and hybrid systems; monitoring, fault detection and identification; competition on software verification; specifying and checking linear time properties; synthesis and learning; quantum and probabilistic systems; as well as tool demonstrations and case studies.
Integrated Formal Methods: 12th International Conference, IFM 2016, Reykjavik, Iceland, June 1-5, 2016, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #9681)
by Erika Ábrahám Marieke HuismanThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods, IFM 2016, held in Reykjavik, Iceland, in June 2016.The 33 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 99 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: invited contributions; program verification; probabilistic systems; concurrency; safety and liveness; model learning; SAT and SMT solving; testing; theorem proving and constraint satisfaction; case studies.
Formal Techniques for Distributed Objects, Components, and Systems: 34th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, FORTE 2014, Held as Part of the 9th International Federated Conference on Distributed Computing Techniques, DisCoTec 2014, Berlin, Germany, June 3-5, 2014, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #8461)
by Erika Ábrahám Catuscia PalamidessiThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 34th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Formal Techniques for Distributed Objects, Components and Systems, FORTE 2014, held in Berlin, Germany, in June 2014, as part of the 9th International Federated Conference on Distributed Computing Techniques, DisCoTec 2014. The 18 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. The papers present a wide range of topics on specification languages and type systems, monitoring and testing, security analysis and bisimulation, abstraction and reduction.
Romania since the Second World War: A Political, Social and Economic History
by Florin AbrahamCHOICE Outstanding Academic Title 2017Romania since the Second World War is the first book about Romania designed to chart the progress of the nation under the communist regime as well as the transition period that followed, providing detailed analysis of the aspects of continuity and change that can be identified over the period as a whole. The book begins with Romania's involvement in the Second World War, looking at the communist regime in depth. It examines how communism took hold and the elimination of traditional elites took place, before discussing the impact of Gheorghiu-Dej and Nicolae Caeusescu, the two most important leaders of the communist era. The following chapters cover the main social and economic changes during the communist regime. The second part of the book explores the transition period following the end of communism in 1989, with special attention given to international relations and Romania's drive for inclusion in NATO and the EU. Romania since the Second World War assesses socio-demographic trends across the postwar period before concluding with some thoughts on the nation's development during this time. The book includes a useful appendix covering the key figures in Romania's recent history and a helpful bibliography, making this a key text for anyone interested in the modern history of Eastern Europe.
Romania since the Second World War: A Political, Social and Economic History
by Florin AbrahamCHOICE Outstanding Academic Title 2017Romania since the Second World War is the first book about Romania designed to chart the progress of the nation under the communist regime as well as the transition period that followed, providing detailed analysis of the aspects of continuity and change that can be identified over the period as a whole. The book begins with Romania's involvement in the Second World War, looking at the communist regime in depth. It examines how communism took hold and the elimination of traditional elites took place, before discussing the impact of Gheorghiu-Dej and Nicolae Caeusescu, the two most important leaders of the communist era. The following chapters cover the main social and economic changes during the communist regime. The second part of the book explores the transition period following the end of communism in 1989, with special attention given to international relations and Romania's drive for inclusion in NATO and the EU. Romania since the Second World War assesses socio-demographic trends across the postwar period before concluding with some thoughts on the nation's development during this time. The book includes a useful appendix covering the key figures in Romania's recent history and a helpful bibliography, making this a key text for anyone interested in the modern history of Eastern Europe.
Intellectual Resistance and the Struggle for Palestine
by M. AbrahamBy positioning the late Edward Said's political interventions as a public intellectual on behalf of Palestinian populations living under Israeli occupation as a form of intellectual resistance, Abraham moves to consider forms of physical resistance, seeking to better understand the motivations of those who choose to turn their bodies into weapons.
Identity, Ethics, and Nonviolence in Postcolonial Theory: A Rahnerian Theological Assessment
by S. AbrahamAbraham argues that a theological imagination can expand the contours of postcolonial theory through a reexamination of notions of subjectivity, gender, and violence in a dialogical model with Karl Rahner. She questions of whether postcolonial theory, with its disavowal of religious agency, can provide an invigorating occasion for Catholic theology.
Textbook of Logic (Routledge Revivals)
by Wolf AbrahamOriginally published in 1930, this well-known text by the late British philosopher Abraham Wolf offers the student a practical, consistent, and comprehensive approach to logic which remains unique in its field. Dr. Wolf here deals systematically with the two main types of reasoning - formal logic and inductive logic - and their various applications. All the main elements of logic - such as inference, syllogism, dilemmas, evidence, deductive and inductive methods, and probability - are subsumed under these general headings. Professor Wolf strongly emphasizes the fact that logic cannot be mastered without some practical application; at the end of this volume, therefore, he includes a section of exercises based on each chapter. His unusally interesting appendix examines such matters as symbolic as logic, fallacies, the law of contradiction, modal propositions, the existential import of categorical propositions, predictables, and categories.
Textbook of Logic (Routledge Revivals)
by Wolf AbrahamOriginally published in 1930, this well-known text by the late British philosopher Abraham Wolf offers the student a practical, consistent, and comprehensive approach to logic which remains unique in its field. Dr. Wolf here deals systematically with the two main types of reasoning - formal logic and inductive logic - and their various applications. All the main elements of logic - such as inference, syllogism, dilemmas, evidence, deductive and inductive methods, and probability - are subsumed under these general headings. Professor Wolf strongly emphasizes the fact that logic cannot be mastered without some practical application; at the end of this volume, therefore, he includes a section of exercises based on each chapter. His unusally interesting appendix examines such matters as symbolic as logic, fallacies, the law of contradiction, modal propositions, the existential import of categorical propositions, predictables, and categories.
Language Origin: A Multidisciplinary Approach (NATO Science Series D: #61)
by AbrahamJonker AlbertoNocentini BernardBichakjian BrunettoChiarelli JanWindLanguage Origin: A Multidisciplinary Approach presents a synthesis of viewpoints and data on linguistic, psychological, anatomical and behavioral studies on living species of Primates and provides a comparative framework for the evaluation of paleoanthropological studies. This double endeavor makes it possible to direct new research on the nature and evolution of human language and cognition. The book is directed to students of linguistics, biology, anthropoloy, anatomy, physiology, neurology, psychology, archeology, paleontology, and other related fields. A better understanding of speech pathology may stem from a better understanding of the relationship of human communication to the evolution of our species. The book is conceived as a timely contribution to such knowledge since it allows, for the first time, a systematic assessment of the origins of human language from a comprehensive array of scientific viewpoints.
Learning to Fail: How Society Lets Young People Down
by Fran AbramsDuring a decade of relative prosperity from the mid-1990s onward, governments across the developed world failed to crack one major issue – youth unemployment. Even when economic growth was strong, one young person in 10 in the United Kingdom was neither working nor learning. As the boom ended, the number of young people dropping out after leaving school – already acknowledged to be too high - began to rise at an alarming rate. As governments face up to the prospect of a new generation on the dole, this book examines the root causes of the problem. By holding a light to the lives and attitudes of eight young people, their families, their teachers and their potential employers, this book will challenge much of what has been said about educational success and failure in the past 20 years. For two decades, policy makers largely assumed schools were the key to ensuring young people got the best possible start in life. Yet for many children the path to failure began well before their first day at school. Through the stories of these young people, this book reveals how marginalised young people are let down on every step of their journey. Growing up in areas where aspiration has died or barely ever existed, with parents who struggle to guide them on life in the 21st century, they are let down by schools where teachers underestimate them, by colleges and careers advisers who mislead them and by an employment market which has forgotten how to care or to nurture. Learning to Fail goes behind the headlines about anti-social behaviour, drugs and teenage pregnancy to paint a picture of real lives and how they are affected by outside forces. It gives a voice to ordinary parents and youngsters so they can speak for themselves about what Britain needs to do to turn its teenage failures into a success story.
Learning to Fail: How Society Lets Young People Down
by Fran AbramsDuring a decade of relative prosperity from the mid-1990s onward, governments across the developed world failed to crack one major issue – youth unemployment. Even when economic growth was strong, one young person in 10 in the United Kingdom was neither working nor learning. As the boom ended, the number of young people dropping out after leaving school – already acknowledged to be too high - began to rise at an alarming rate. As governments face up to the prospect of a new generation on the dole, this book examines the root causes of the problem. By holding a light to the lives and attitudes of eight young people, their families, their teachers and their potential employers, this book will challenge much of what has been said about educational success and failure in the past 20 years. For two decades, policy makers largely assumed schools were the key to ensuring young people got the best possible start in life. Yet for many children the path to failure began well before their first day at school. Through the stories of these young people, this book reveals how marginalised young people are let down on every step of their journey. Growing up in areas where aspiration has died or barely ever existed, with parents who struggle to guide them on life in the 21st century, they are let down by schools where teachers underestimate them, by colleges and careers advisers who mislead them and by an employment market which has forgotten how to care or to nurture. Learning to Fail goes behind the headlines about anti-social behaviour, drugs and teenage pregnancy to paint a picture of real lives and how they are affected by outside forces. It gives a voice to ordinary parents and youngsters so they can speak for themselves about what Britain needs to do to turn its teenage failures into a success story.
Evolution and the Machinery of Chance: Philosophy, Probability, and Scientific Practice in Biology
by Marshall AbramsAn innovative view of the role of fitness concepts in evolutionary theory. Natural selection is one of the factors responsible for changes in biological populations. Some traits or organisms are fitter than others, and natural selection occurs when there are changes in the distribution of traits in populations because of fitness differences. Many philosophers of biology insist that a trait’s fitness should be defined as an average of the fitnesses of individual members of the population that have the trait. Marshall Abrams argues convincingly against this widespread approach. As he shows, it conflicts with the roles that fitness is supposed to play in evolutionary theory and with the ways that evolutionary biologists use fitness concepts in empirical research. The assumption that a causal kind of fitness is fundamentally a property of actual individuals has resulted in unnecessary philosophical puzzles and years of debate. Abrams came to see that the fitnesses of traits that are the basis of natural selection cannot be defined in terms of the fitnesses of actual members of populations, as philosophers of biology often claim. Rather, it is an overall population-environment system—not actual, particular organisms living in particular environmental conditions—that is the basis of trait fitnesses. Abrams argues that by distinguishing different classes of fitness concepts and the roles they play in the practice of evolutionary biology, we can see that evolutionary biologists’ diverse uses of fitness concepts make sense together and are consistent with the idea that fitness differences cause evolution. Abrams’s insight has broad significance, for it provides a general framework for thinking about the metaphysics of biological evolution and its relations to empirical research. As such, it is a game-changing book for philosophers of biology, biologists who want deeper insight into the nature of evolution, and anyone interested in the applied philosophy of probability.