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Governing Knowledge Commons
"Knowledge commons" describes the institutionalized community governance of the sharing and, in some cases, creation, of information, science, knowledge, data, and other types of intellectual and cultural resources. It is the subject of enormous recent interest and enthusiasm with respect to policymaking about innovation, creative production, and intellectual property. Taking that enthusiasm as its starting point, Governing Knowledge Commons argues that policymaking should be based on evidence and a deeper understanding of what makes commons institutions work. It offers a systematic way to study knowledge commons, borrowing and building on Elinor Ostrom's Nobel Prize-winning research on natural resource commons. It proposes a framework for studying knowledge commons that is adapted to the unique attributes of knowledge and information, describing the framework in detail and explaining how to put it into context both with respect to commons research and with respect to innovation and information policy. Eleven detailed case studies apply and discuss the framework exploring knowledge commons across a wide variety of scientific and cultural domains.
Governing Law and Dispute Resolution in the Oil and Gas Industry (Elgar Energy Law and Practice series)
The oil and gas industry’s wide international exposure and constantly changing landscape leave it particularly vulnerable to disputes. As this practical book demonstrates, the risks associated with disputes can be mitigated by parties utilising governing law and dispute resolution clauses in contractual agreements within the sector. Examining a global range of jurisdictions, the book offers clear guidance on the most appropriate choice of law and choice of dispute resolution forum for oil and gas contracts, analysing the key issues and defining the legal contours involved.Key Features:Insightful contributions from over 40 leading practitioners and expert legal scholarsExamination of domestic and international case law, with analysis of the local laws of 24 jurisdictions globallyConsideration of the future of disputes in the oil and gas industry by tracking the evolution and latest trends of the global energy marketExamination of the dispute resolution mechanisms used to mitigate disputes, with a focus on international arbitration as a forum for dispute resolutionDiscussions of a range of operations in the oil and gas industry, including upstream, midstream and downstream projects, and the various contracts that exist within these Featuring a comparative and practice-oriented perspective, this highly informative book will prove an essential resource for practitioners advising parties concerning contractual agreements in the oil and gas sector, as well as a valuable reference point for scholars of energy law and arbitration.
Governing Natural Resources for Sustainable Peace in Africa: Environmental Justice and Conflict Resolution (Earthscan Studies in Natural Resource Management)
This book examines the dynamics of natural resource conflicts in Africa and explores the different governance approaches for securing sustainable peace. One of the most prominent challenges facing Africa today is the consequences of natural resource extraction. While these resources hold the potential for economic transformation across Africa, their extraction also comes with a range of environmental, social, and economic consequences, including issues related to governance. This book assembles a unique cohort of peacebuilding, environmental justice, and sustainable development scholars and practitioners from Africa and beyond to examine the dynamics of natural resource conflict and explore the governance approaches that offer pathways for sustainable peace in Africa. Drawing on case studies and empirical lessons from the Horn of Africa, Southern Africa, West Africa, East Africa, and the Central Sahel region, along with the African Union, the multidisciplinary contributors offer fresh insights into the nature of natural resource conflict in Africa, delve deeper into the complexities of natural resource governance, and highlight the interplay between resource governance and sustainable peace. By shedding light not only on Africa’s experiences and vulnerabilities but also on the challenges of natural resource governance, this book fills a crucial gap in understanding the connection between natural resource governance, conflict, and pathways for sustainable peace in Africa. Drawing on a range of disciplinary perspectives, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of natural resource governance, peace and conflict studies, environmental policy and justice, sustainable development, security studies and African studies more widely.
Governing Oceans: Policy Development, Implementation and Evaluation
This perceptive book evaluates the effectiveness of current ocean governance as it aims to respond to the threats of increased sea temperatures, salination, biodiversity loss, overfishing, and exploitation of ocean resources. Contributors pose the key question: what type of political space are the oceans and is it possible to create, implement and assess an international framework which enables the oceans to be governed?Recognising that the oceans are consistently underexplored in international relations, Governing Oceans adopts a unique interdisciplinary approach, bringing together experts in the fields of political sciences, heritage management, marine policy and coastal ecosystems who identify current challenges and good practices, and develop pragmatic suggestions for improvement. Chapters cover opportunities for improved governance of fisheries, underwater cultural heritage as a forgotten discipline, multi-level cooperation and the agency of IOC-UNESCO in shaping marine spatial planning. Embracing innovative approaches to spatial mapping policies and identifying patterns of cooperation, Governing Oceans provides a blueprint for improving the management of the seas.Combining comprehensive theory and practical case studies, this book will be an insightful read for students, academics and researchers working in sustainable development, development studies, environmental economics, environmental and international law, and geopolitics. It will also be a highly informative read for governance practitioners and professionals working in the marine cultural heritage, ocean geography and international relations sectors.
Great Powers, Climate Change, and Global Environmental Responsibilities
This book is the first of its kind to examine the role of great powers in the international politics of climate change. It develops a novel analytical framework for studying environmental power in international relations, what counts as a great power in the environmental field, and what their special environmental responsibilities are. In doing so, the book connects International Relations (IR) debates on power inequality, great powers and great power management, with global environmental politics (GEP) scholarship. The book brings together leading scholars in IR and GEP whose contributions focus on major environmental powers (United States, China, European Union, India, Brazil, Russia) and international institutions and issue areas (UN Security Council, multilateral environmental agreements, international climate leadership, coal politics). The contributors to this volume examine how individual great powers have responded to the global climate challenge and whether they have accepted a special responsibility for stabilizing the global climate. They place emerging discourses on great power responsibility in the context of wider debates about international environmental leadership and climate change securitization. And they provide new insights into how international power inequality intersects with the global ecological crisis, and what special role great powers could and should play in the international fight against global warming.
Green Deals in the Making: Perspectives from Across the Globe (Critical Issues in Environmental Taxation series)
Greenhouse gas concentrations are rapidly increasing and pathways to limit global warming require fundamental economic transitions. Green Deals in the Making addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of Green Deals, in particular the use of market-based instruments.Expert contributors shed light on the complexities arising for the implementation of Green Deals in times of the context of the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, which puts considerable strains on national economies. Chapters present theory and empirical analysis of green pricing instruments and national experiences, assessing the critical issue of finance and recycling carbon tax revenue. The book concludes with an analysis of key issues relating to circular economy considerations and plastics in achieving Green Deal goals. A critical analysis of important topics is presented including green fiscal reform, carbon taxation and sustainable urbanism.This timely book will be of great interest to researchers, students and scholars interested in environmental policy, tax and law, as well as the industry sector, policy makers and government officials.
The Greening of Everyday Life: Challenging Practices, Imagining Possibilities
The Greening of Everyday Life develops a distinctive new way of talking about environmental concerns in post-industrial society. It brings together several conceptual frameworks with a diversity of case studies and practical examples of efforts to orient everyday material practices toward greater sustainability. The volume builds upon internal criticisms of dominant strands of contemporary environmentalism in post-industrial societies, and develops a new approach which emerges from a number of disciplines, but is unified by a normative concern for the material objects and practices familiar to members of societies in their everyday lives. In exploring alternatives, the chapter authors utilize conceptual frameworks rooted in environmental justice, new materialism, and social practice theory and apply it to the everyday; attention to urban biodiversity, infrastructure for storm water run-off, green home remodelling, household toxicity, community gardens and farmers markets, bicycling and automobility, alternative technologies, and more. With contributions from leading international and emerging scholars, this volume critically explores specific strategies and actions taken to generate homes, communities, and livelihoods that might be scaled-up to promote more sustainable societies.
A Guide to Post-Keynesian Economics
Does there exist an alternative to the “neoclassical synthesis” presented to students in introductory, intermediate, and advanced economics courses? The alternative is the post-Keynesian theory which is the subject of this book.
Handbook of Anti-Environmentalism
This thought-provoking Handbook provides a theoretical overview of the wide variety of anti-environmentalisms and offers an integrative research agenda for future research on the topic. Probing the ways in which groups have organized to oppose environmental movements and pro-environmental policies in recent decades, it examines those involved in these countermovements and studies their motivations and support systems.International contributors investigate the ways in which anti-environmentalism differs across regions and by the nature of the issue, alongside unique coverage of the critiques of environmental movements coming from sources that are not anti-environmental. This Handbook explores core topics in the field, including contestation over climate change, wind power, mining, forestry, food sovereignty, oil and gas pipelines and population issues. Chapters also analyse our understanding of countermovements, the effect of public opinion on environmental policy, and original empirical case studies from North America, Oceania, Europe and Asia.Taking a multidisciplinary approach, the Handbook of Anti-Environmentalism will be a key resource for scholars and students of environmental politics and policy, environmental sociology, environmental governance and social movements.
Handbook of Behavioral Economics and Climate Change
Situating a comprehensive microbehavioral analysis of the economics of climate change within a discussion of the most pressing global climate change issues and policy negotiations, the Handbook of Behavioral Economics and Climate Change is a timely collection of new research on the behaviors of economic agents that are essential to an exposition of climate change economics and policymaking.Chapters identify both microbehavioral causes of and responses to climate change by numerous economic agents, in doing so elucidating the relationship between climate policies and behavioral changes. This includes examination of individuals’ behaviors to cope with and adapt to climate change; the policy decisions aimed at altering behaviurs at individual, business, and international levels to achieve climate policy goals; and the motivations behind behaviours driven by culture, history, or religion with regards to climate change. These behaviors are contextualised within a global analysis of pressing climate change issues in land-based and ocean-based systems, including Sub-Saharan agriculture, hurricanes and sea-level rises in North America, Latin American Pampas, the small island alliance, South Asian rice agriculture, and hydroelectricity in the Himalayas.With a global scope, this Handbook will prove invaluable to students and scholars of climate change, environmental studies, and behavioral economics. With practical examples and case studies, it will also prove useful for policymakers working in climate legislation.
Handbook of Business and Climate Change (Elgar Handbooks in Energy, the Environment and Climate Change)
Summarizing the current state of knowledge on the links between business and climate change, this timely Handbook analyzes how businesses contribute to and are affected by climate change, looking closely at their centrality in developing and deploying solutions to address this problem.Contributions from a global collection of scholars and practitioners explore a broad range of key industries’ impacts and responses to climate change, examining corporate strategy and leadership in the climate economy, functional perspectives and corporate practice, and climate finance. Chapters use diverse case studies to analyze climate-related business issues, including supply chain management, decarbonization, consumer decision-making, and climate-related financial investments. The Handbook delves deeper into how businesses perceive the issue of climate change, how they are affected by and engage with it, as well as the impact they have and what this impact costs. Forward-thinking, it concludes with reflections from the contributors on what the future holds for businesses and climate change.Covering matters relating to finance, economics, marketing, operations, strategy, leadership and communications, this interdisciplinary Handbook will prove invaluable to students and scholars in business management, sustainability and environmental studies, as well as to sustainability officers (and their staff) in corporations. Addressing, as it does, a wide range of climate-related issues from the corporate standpoint, it will also prove to be a useful resource for policymakers concerned with enabling solutions to climate change.
Handbook of Critical Environmental Politics (Elgar Handbooks in Energy, the Environment and Climate Change)
This timely Handbook offers a comprehensive outlook on global environmental politics, providing readers with an up-to-date view of a field of ever-increasing academic and public significance. Its critical perspective interrogates what is taken for granted in current institutions and social and power relations, highlighting the issues preventing meaningful change in the relationship between human societies and their biophysical underpinnings.Featuring contributions from over 60 established and emerging international scholars, the Handbook is organized into six thematic sections. It addresses theoretical approaches, contested notions, key issues, governance processes, mobilizations and emergent directions of inquiry, presenting a vital contemporary analysis of the major social science and political ecology debates over environmental questions.Scholars and students in the social sciences, in particular those studying politics and public policy, with an interest in the environment and climate change will find this Handbook to be essential reading. It will also be useful to academics in other disciplines related to ecology and environmental politics, as well as politicians and practitioners involved in green transition policies.
Handbook of Environmental Impact Assessment (Research Handbooks on Impact Assessment series)
Reviewing over 50 years of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) policy-making and implementation around the world, this thought-provoking Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the current research surrounding EIA. Presenting new trends in law and policy-making, it highlights best practices in the application of technology to impact prediction and management, procedural efficiency, decision-making and public participation. In addition to explaining the practicalities of the EIA process, chapters delve deep into EIA’s decision-making stages and methods, revealing the causes of, and solutions to, recurrent issues. Contributions from leading scholars analyse case studies from Africa, Asia, Europe, Oceania, and North and South America to provide a truly global picture of EIA implementation. Critically examining the laws, policies and procedures involved in these case studies, this Handbook concludes by highlighting new ideas, trends and methods in the field. With a global scope, the illustrative case studies and critical evaluations will prove a useful resource for students and scholars of environmental and management studies and law. Exploring how to implement best practices, it will prove invaluable to EIA practitioners, including consultants, developers and regulators, offering inspiration and guidance for policy reforms.
Handbook of International Climate Finance
The concept of international climate finance channelled from developed to developing countries through public interventions for mitigation and adaptation has been developed over the last decade, but its roots date back to the early 1990s. Despite the high relevance of the topic in the international climate negotiations, illustrated by the (missed) target to mobilise USD 100 billion by 2020, there is no book that provides an overview accessible to academics and practitioners alike.This comprehensive Handbook of International Climate Finance closes this gap, with contributions from expert researchers and practitioners involved in key climate finance institutions. Chapters assess past approaches to international climate finance, discuss the effectiveness of different channels for climate finance, debate challenges encountered and elucidate national strategies of donors and recipients. An important section elaborates perspectives for sources of international climate finance from multilateral channels, the private sector, and blending of finance including through international carbon markets. The Handbook further elaborates perspectives on ownership and accountability and the role of the private sector. Mapping out pathways for the future, it concludes by providing a vision for international climate finance after 2025.This forward-thinking Handbook will be a critical resource for scholars and students with an interest in climate change and related policies and environmental politics, policy, and economics more broadly. It provides key input for international climate negotiators, climate activists and international climate finance institutions.
Handbook of Security and the Environment (Elgar Handbooks in Energy, the Environment and Climate Change)
This comprehensive Handbook tackles the increasingly urgent problem of the impact of climate change on conflict and human security. It analyses the ways in which scarcity of resources leads to food, water and health insecurities, resulting in population migration. Chapters cover how these contribute globally to societal insecurity and violent conflict in a growing number of regions. Featuring contributions from leading international scholars, the Handbook is divided into thematic sections, examining first the effects of environmental scarcity on security at a macro level before delving into region-specific issues and challenges. The final section investigates the actors, institutions and processes engaged with environmental security, discussing the shifting international political discourse and how this is challenging the conservative military security paradigm. The combination of comparative global analysis alongside regionally focused studies makes this Handbook an invaluable resource for all scholars and students of environment and climate security. It will also be of interest to policy professionals working on issues of environmental scarcity and new security challenges.
Handbook of Social Impact Assessment and Management (Research Handbooks on Impact Assessment series)
This carefully conceived Handbook presents a state-of-the-art discussion of the field of social impact assessment (SIA), highlighting contemporary understandings and emerging issues in this continually evolving area of research and practice. Experienced SIA practitioners from around the world share their learnings and advice on a comprehensive range of issues faced in social performance practice. They explore how SIA has moved far beyond its original role as an ex-ante input into a regulatory environmental licensing process to now serving multiple stakeholders at all stages of the project lifecycle and seeking improved outcomes for host communities. The chapters also reveal how the field and practice of SIA connects with wider discourses, including: business and human rights; environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance; and social licence to operate. Providing an extensive overview of the field of SIA, this incisive Handbook is essential reading for: SIA practitioners; researchers of environmental sociology, environmental psychology, human geography, community psychology, or applied anthropology; and other people with an interest in the social impacts of projects. The Handbook's exploration of how SIA might contribute to better outcomes for communities and projects will also benefit individuals and organizations who commission and review EIAs and SIAs, environmental, social and community NGOs, as well as members of project-affected communities.
Handbook of Sustainable Politics and Economics of Natural Resources (Elgar Handbooks in Energy, the Environment and Climate Change)
This timely Handbook draws together insightful analyses of natural resource management challenges and solutions in the face of sustainable development targets and a changing global climate. Expert contributors illustrate the ways in which resource- and region-specific challenges shape national and global strategies, exploring the institutional aspects of resource management and their implications for policy making. They consider the economic, legal, environmental, social, financial and technological dimensions of resource management, consolidating interdisciplinary knowledge and setting the agenda for future research. Advancing scientific knowledge in the field, the Handbook offers a roadmap for well-informed policy making, highlighting the uncertainties and risks associated with climate change, energy and sustainability transition, and the need for a forward-looking approach to resource management. Assembling state-of-the-art contributions to provide a clearer understanding of the transformative policy developments ahead, this Handbook is crucial reading for academics and researchers of resource management, public policy, sustainability, energy transition, climate change and environmental studies. It also offers critical empirical insights for policy makers and practitioners developing innovative strategies to meet sustainability targets.
Handbook on Adaptive Governance (Elgar Handbooks in Energy, the Environment and Climate Change)
The interconnectedness of global society is increasingly visible through crises such as the current global health pandemic, emerging climate change impacts and increasing erosion of biodiversity. This timely Handbook navigates the challenges of adaptive governance in these complex contexts, stressing the necessarily compounded nature of biophysical and social systems to ensure more desirable governance outcomes.Highlighting the dynamics and diversity of governance systems across the globe, leading experts in the field examine the successes and failures of these systems. Synthesising theory with methodology and practical case studies, chapters explore adaptive governance in forest management, marine environments and open data ecosystems, looking closely at the role of adaptive governance in climate mitigation and disaster risk reduction. Answering the call for large-scale transformations that move societies away from unsustainable development trajectories, this prescriptive Handbook explores the existing adaptive governance measures that have driven reflexive, sustainable change. Reflecting on the past decade of research in the field, it concludes by outlining new areas of contention and inquiry for the next decade of adaptive governance research.Interdisciplinary in scope, this comprehensive Handbook will prove an invigorating read for students and scholars of environmental law, governance and regulation, and political science and public policy. Policymakers looking to innovate their adaptive governance approaches will also find this a beneficial companion.
Handbook on China’s Urban Environmental Governance (Handbooks of Research on Contemporary China series)
This timely and comprehensive Handbook addresses how Chinese cities govern the environmental changes generated by fast economic growth and urbanisation. Outlining the relationship between the state, market, and society, this Handbook provides a systematic understanding of urban environmental governance in China.Exploring the context of changing urban environmental policies in China, leading international scholars highlight the arts of governance and governmentality through experimentation and discourse. Chapters investigate the political ecologies of eco-cities and conservation, urban waste management, and governance and sustainability transitions, as well as focusing on low-carbon innovations and green buildings. With a territorial perspective grounded in Chinese cities, contributors interrogate changing and complex state–market–society dynamics in urbanisation and urban environmental governance.With a thorough and systematic analysis of new environmental initiatives, practices, and impacts, this Handbook provides scholars, students, and policy researchers of environmental studies, politics, and East Asian studies with an exemplary selection of contemporary research on China’s urban environmental governance.
Handbook on Climate Change and Disasters (Elgar Handbooks in Energy, the Environment and Climate Change)
This comprehensive Handbook assesses the escalation of global natural disasters as a result of climate change. Examining the complex interplay of human and natural activities, it highlights the growing vulnerability of people and communities in developing countries to floods, landslides, cyclones, heat waves and wildfires. The Handbook opens with a global framework analysis, outlining the implications of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the Paris Agreement and the Sendai Framework for disaster risk reduction. International contributors address the roles of stakeholders in mitigating climate hazards, as well as offer detailed analysis of cross-cutting issues, including poverty, health, education and gender. Concluding chapters address the future of climate change mitigation and disaster protection, exploring the growing role of emerging technologies in disaster resilience and sustainable development. Bringing together cutting-edge research from renowned global scholars and professionals, this Handbook offers key insights for researchers and students of environmental studies and development studies, particularly those focusing on natural disasters and climate technologies. The empirical data and case analysis will also benefit practitioners, professionals and policymakers working in climate risk relief.
Handbook on Climate Change and International Security
This topical Handbook explores the emergence of climate change as an international security issue, the threats it poses, and the political and academic debates it has prompted. Framing climate change as a security issue, it explores the ways relevant actors, states and international organizations have conceptualized climate security and its associated threats.Theoretically sound and empirically innovative, this Handbook explores the political implications of linking climate change and security and tackles the questions that are subsequently raised. Through a collection of international case studies, expert contributors explore a diverse range of issues emerging in the debate about climate change and security, including the problem of migration, the impact on energy security and the role of the military. Contributing to various discourses, logics, practices and constructions of climate security, the Handbook outlines how security language shapes and transforms the way climate change is governed. Ultimately, it identifies an emerging, broader reconceptualization of international security in the Anthropocene.Displaying the challenges that climate change poses in the context of existing security practices and institutions, this Handbook will be vital for policymakers looking to identify and understand threats to formulate effective countermeasures. It will also prove useful to students and scholars of security studies, international relations, climate change and energy politics, environmental politics and policy, and governance.
Handbook on Climate Change and Technology (Elgar Handbooks in Energy, the Environment and Climate Change)
This timely Handbook presents the latest knowledge on technological innovation for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Looking beyond technical fixes, it further draws on economics, politics and sociology to explore how modern technology can contribute to effective and socially just sustainability transitions.Examining cutting-edge research on energy, transport and industry, this Handbook argues that we have the technologies and policy instruments needed to mitigate and adapt to climate change. However, for larger-scale implementation the support at the socio-economic and political levels has to be increased. Chapters further analyse the role that technology plays in key sectors, such as agriculture and forestry, in order to become more sustainable. Contributors also reflect on the position of technology in society, illustrating the wider socio-technical systems that determine the impact that new technologies can have. They call for the political will to implement and scale up technological measures to address climate change across the world.The Handbook on Climate Change and Technology will be essential reading for academics and students of climate change, energy, sustainability and environmental governance and regulation. It will also be an invaluable resource for practitioners and policymakers seeking a deeper understanding of the role of technology in sustainability transitions.
Handbook on Energy Justice (Elgar Handbooks in Energy, the Environment and Climate Change)
Offering a unique and critical perspective on energy justice, this Handbook delves into an emerging field of inquiry encapsulating multiple strands of scholarship on energy systems. Covering key topics including generation, transmission, distribution and demand, it explores fundamental questions surrounding policy, climate change, security and social movements.The Handbook illuminates the rapidly expanding and diversifying scholarly domains where energy justice has developed to date. Chapters provide an overview on energy justice issues across a range of socio-technical and political contexts, including differences along lines of race, gender, age, geography, housing, socio-economic status and infrastructure. The Handbook further incorporates non-Western perspectives to expand the transitional vocabulary and frameworks of energy justice.Grounded in empirically rich case studies from across the world to support nuanced framings, situated methods and informed policy, this Handbook will be of interest to students of development, human geography, environmental policy and politics. It will also be useful to practitioners working in international organisations and agencies working in development and the environment.
Handbook on European Union Climate Change Policy and Politics (Elgar Handbooks in Energy, the Environment and Climate Change)
The Handbook on European Union Climate Change Policy and Politics provides a wide-ranging and in-depth assessment of current and emerging challenges facing the EU in committing to and delivering increasingly ambitious climate policy objectives. It traces the development of climate and energy policies since the early 1990s and examines their continued evolution in the context of the 2019 European Green Deal.With contributions from leading international scholars, it describes the key dynamics driving policy developments and the role of key actors in climate and energy-related policy processes. Covering topics that have previously been relatively neglected, or have recently gained greater significance, such as finance and investment, ‘hard to abate’ sectors and negative emissions, this timely Handbook offers an up-to-date and unrivalled exploration of the complexities of climate policymaking.It will be of primary interest to academics researching EU politics, and environmental politics, policy, regulation and governance more widely. It will be especially pertinent to students and researchers who require more specialized knowledge of EU climate policy and politics.
Handbook on Inequality and the Environment (Elgar Handbooks on Inequality)
This innovative Handbook provides a comprehensive treatment of the complex relationship between inequality and the environment and illustrates the myriad ways in which they intersect.Featuring over 30 contributions from leading experts in the field, it explores the ways in which inequality impacts three of the most pressing contemporary environmental issues: climate change, natural resource extraction, and food insecurity. Laying the conceptual foundations for its analysis of key inequality–environment intersections, the Handbook covers theoretical traditions employed in the environmental inequality literature and examines different approaches to the concept of rights and how these influence scholarship on environmental justice. Chapters further investigate the multifaceted relationships between the natural environment and common forms of social inequalities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, social class, the economy, and the state.Bringing together cutting-edge research on diverse inequality–environment intersections, this comprehensive Handbook will be relevant to both students and researchers in the social sciences and environmental sociology, politics, and geography. Its empirical insights will also prove valuable to public and social policymakers with access to mechanisms that can shape environmental protection policies.