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Complications of Cancer Chemotherapy: Proceedings of the Plenary Sessions of E.O.R.T.C., Paris, June 1973 (Recent Results in Cancer Research #49)
by Georges Mathé and Robert K. OldhamG. MATHE and R. K. OLDHAM'~ Institut de Cancerologie et d'Immunogem!tique, Hopital Paul Brousse, Villejuif Since the last war, cancer chemotherapy has been the object of very intensive and expensive research. Nevertheless, its development has been very slow, and its ultimate potential is today somewhat in doubt. In doubt because it does not cure any cancer patients except a) females carrying placental choriocarcinoma, a semi-allogenic tumor, in which case, cure may be in fluenced by immune rejection, and b) children suffering from Burkitt's tumor, where the probable reason for the cure is that all the neoplastic cells are in the cycle, which is a unique condition among all the human tumor varieties. Whether the long term survivors in acute leukemia, lymphomas, certain sarcomas and certain testicular tumors are "cures" will require longer follow-up. The idea that chemotherapy does not cure most cancer patients because all their neoplastic cells are not in cycle has led to the use of drug combinations. Whatever they are, "cocktail combinations" which are made up of drugs given according to any timing, or scientific combinations, based on pharmacodynamics, pharmaco kinetics or cell kinetics data, are more toxic than single drugs, and are all the more toxic as the number of drugs in the combination is increased.
Comprehensive Virology: Descriptive Catalogue of Viruses (Critical Stability Constants #244)
by H. Fraenkel-ConratThe time seems ripe for a critical compendium of that segment of the biological universe we call viruses. Virology, as a science, having only recently passed through its descriptive phase of naming and num bering, has probably reached that stage at which relatively few new~ truly new~viruses will be discovered. Triggered by the intellectual probes and techniques of molecular biology, genetics, biochemical cytology, and high-resolution microscopy and spectroscopy, the field has experienced a genuine information explosion. Few serious attempts have so far been made to chronicle these events. This comprehensive series, which will comprise some 6000 pages in a total of about 22 volumes, represents a commitment by a large group of active investigators to analyze, digest, and expostulate on the great mass of data relating to viruses, much of which is now amorphous and disjointed and scattered throughout a wide literature. In this way, we hope to place the entire field in perspective as well as to develop an invaluable reference and sourcebook for researchers and students at all levels. This series is designed as a continuum that can be entered anywhere but which also provides a logical progression of developing facts and integrated concepts.
Comprehensive Virology: Reproduction of Small and Intermediate RNA Viruses (Comprehensive Virology #2)
by H. Fraenkel-ConratThe time seems ripe for a critical compendium of that segment of the biological universe we call viruses. Virology, as a science, having only recently passed through its descriptive phase of naming and num bering, has probably reached that stage at which relatively few new truly new-viruses will be discovered. Triggered by the intellectual probes and techniques of molecular biology, genetics, biochemical cytology, and high-resolution microscopy and spectroscopy, the field has experienced a genuine information explosion. Few serious attempts have so far been made to chronicle these events. This comprehensive series, which will comprise some 6000 pages in a total of about 22 volumes, represents a commitment by a large group of active investigators to analyze, digest, and expostulate on the great mass of data relating to viruses, much of which is now amorphous and disjointed and scattered throughout a wide literature. In this way, we hope to place the entire field in perspective as well as to develop an invaluable reference and sourcebook for researchers and students at all levels. This series is designed as a continuum that can be entered anywhere but which also provides a logical progression of developing facts and integrated concepts.
Computer Aided Automatic Design: Course held at the Department of General Mechanics, October 1972 (CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences #155)
by C. Bona C. Galletti A. Lucifredi
Computer Simulation in Human Population Studies
by Bennett Dyke Jean Walters MacCluerComputer Simulation in Human Population Studies contains the proceedings of a conference held at Pennsylvania State University on June 12-14, 1972, under the sponsorship of the Social Science Research Council. The conference provided a forum for discussing the application of computer simulation techniques to human population studies and organized topics around four themes: anthropology and social systems; genetics and adaptive systems; demography; and simulation methodology. Comprised of 23 chapters, this volume begins with an analysis of two tests of computer microsimulation: the effect of an incest taboo on population viability, and the effect of age differences between spouses on the skewing of their consanguineal relationships. The reader is then introduced to computer simulation of incest prohibition and clan proscription rules in closed, finite population; an empirical perspective on simulation models of human population; and models applicable to geographic variation in humans. Subsequent chapters deal with the role of co-adapted sets in the process of adaptation; simulation of human reproduction; and the mathematics of population simulation models.This book will be of interest to anthropologists, geneticists, biologists, computer scientists, mathematicians, and social scientists.
Computers in Life Science Research (FASEB Monographs #2)
by William Siler45 certainty about Federal policy concern the University of Alabama cardiac in ing the support of training contribute tensive care monitoring system on "ob to these difficulties. The problems are solete 1800 computers." Another re too broad and too complex to address sponded most efficaciously pointing out here. They are difficult for both aca that it is too bad that people lose sight of demia and government, and warrant the fact that a system on which a pro the active concern of the entire research gram is developed will always be able community. to do the job; change is not indicated Dr. Robert Macey introduced to the until the system ceases to be appropri ate. conference the exciting world of model development describing an application In another vein, the question opens to the area of membrane transport. The up a wide range of problems that can be discussion of his paper exposed the prob summarized as problems in the diffusion lern the modeler has of gaining ac of computer-based technology. At this ceptance of his particular approach, but juncture biomedical computing joins all mainly it provided a taste of the intellec the rest of biomedicine. The problems of tual excitement that modeling generates diffusion of advances in health research, among both doers and observers.
The Concept of Probability in Psychological Experiments (Theory and Decision Library #8)
by C. A. Staël Von Holstein1. BACKGROUND The last twenty-five years have seen a large amount of psychological research in the area of behavioral decision theory. It followed the major breakthrough of decision theory that came with von Neumann and Morgenstern's Theory of Games and Economic Behavior in 1944. The key concepts are probability as a measure of uncertainty and utility as a measure of value and risk. The theory prescribes, given some behavioral axioms, that alternatives should be ranked in accordance with their expected utilities. Psychologists became interested in studying how people's decision behavior agreed with what was prescribed by the theory. Three broad areas for research developed, i. e. , research relating to each of the two concepts of probability and utility, and research relating to the interaction of the two in decision stituations. The papers in this book have been selected to illustrate various aspects of how the concept of probability has been used in psychological ex perimentation. The early experiments were generated, as mentioned above, by an interest among psychologists to see how people evaluate uncertainty and quantify it in probabilistic terms. Many of these experiments set out to evaluate subjects' estimates of relative frequencies; these were situations where one had access to 'objective' answers. In the 1960's psychologists changed the focus of their studies to how people revise probabilistic judgments when they receive new information. In recent years there has been a growing interest in the cognitive processes by which people express their judgment in probabilistic terms.
Concepts, Flaws, and Fractography (Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics #1)
by Richard BradtThese volumes constitute the Proceedings of a Symposium on the Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics, held at the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, July 11, 12, and 13, 1973. The theme of the symposium focussed on the mechanical behavior of brittle ceramics in terms of the characteristics of cracks. The 52 contributed papers by 87 authors, present an overview of the cur rent understanding of the theory and application of fracture mechan ics to brittle ceramics. The program chairmen gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance for the Symposium provided by the Office of Naval Re search, the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences of the Pennsyl vania State University, the Materials Research Center of Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvana and Westinghouse Research Laboratories, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Special appreciation is extended to the expert organization provided by the J. Orvis Keller Conference Center of the Pennsyl vania State Conference Center of the Pennsylvania State University. In particular, Mrs. Patricia Ewing should be acknowledged for the excellent program organization and planning. Dean Harold J. O'Brien, who was featured as the after-dinner speaker and who presented a most stimulating talk on the communication between people, also contrib uted to the success of the meeting. Finally, we also wish to thank our joint secretaries for the patience and help in bringing these Proceedings to press. University Park R. C. Bradt Bethlehem D. P. H. Hasselman Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania F. F. Lange July, 1973 v CONTENTS OF VOLUME 1 Contents of Volume 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Concepts in Social Administration: A framework for analysis (Routledge Revivals)
by Anthony ForderFirst published in 1974, Concepts in Social Administration draws on a wide range of theoretical disciplines to examine a number of concepts which are basic to the study of the social services individually and as a whole. The topics discussed are of vital importance to students of social administration and include the relationship between welfare capitalism and the social services, the definition of need, the distribution of resources, professionalism and the structure of the social services, and the question of consumer influence and the balance of power in the provision social services. Designed especially for teachers and students of social administration, this is a lucid exploration of the philosophy and concepts which are relevant to the discipline of social administration. It offers a framework for the subject which transcends the study of individual services on which most of the literature is based.
Concepts in Social Administration: A framework for analysis (Routledge Revivals)
by Anthony ForderFirst published in 1974, Concepts in Social Administration draws on a wide range of theoretical disciplines to examine a number of concepts which are basic to the study of the social services individually and as a whole. The topics discussed are of vital importance to students of social administration and include the relationship between welfare capitalism and the social services, the definition of need, the distribution of resources, professionalism and the structure of the social services, and the question of consumer influence and the balance of power in the provision social services. Designed especially for teachers and students of social administration, this is a lucid exploration of the philosophy and concepts which are relevant to the discipline of social administration. It offers a framework for the subject which transcends the study of individual services on which most of the literature is based.
The Concepts of Criticism (Foundations of Language Supplementary Series #20)
by L. AschenbrennerTbis inquiry may be thought of as a sequel to The Concepts of Value and as an extension of the brief core-vocabulary of aesthetic concepts found in one of the appendices to it. In terms of sheer numbers, most of the value concepts of our language are to be found in the area of human relations and of the aesthetic. There are also other value vocabularies, shorter but equally important, for example, the cognitive and logical. These and other objects of pbilosopbical study (for example, the question of "other minds") deserve the kind of empirical survey that has been made of moral and aesthetic notions, if only to test a priori approaches to them. In the present studyan even more determined empirical approach than that adopted for the first has been found necessary. Once the moral or human value vocabulary has been identified, sentential contexts for the use of the terms readily come to mind. In a study of the language of criticism, however, the vocabulary has first to be sought in the utterances of critics themselves and quoted in sufficient context to make their critical intentions clear. The outcome is that the present study is of great length, about half of it being quotations from critics. The rule adopted for arriving at tbis length go on collecting quotations as long as new types of appraisal came was to to light.
The Concert Song Companion: A Guide to the Classical Repertoire (Quality Paperbacks Ser.)
by Charles OsborneW HAT I H A V E attempted in this book is a survey of song; the kind of song which one finds variously described as 'concert', 'art', or sometimes even 'classical song'. 'Concert song' seems the most useful, certainly the least inexact or misleading, of some descriptions, especially since 'art song' sounds primly off putting, and 'classical song' really ought to be used only to refer to songs written during the classical period, i. e. the 18th century. Concert song clearly means the kind of songs one hears sung at concerts or recitals. Addressing myself to the general music-lover who, though he possesses no special knowledge of the song literature, is never theless interested enough in songs and their singers to attend recitals of Lieder or of songs in various languages, I have naturally confined myself to that period of time in which the vast majority of these songs was composed, though not necessarily only to those composers whose songs have survived to be remembered in recital programmes today. I suppose this to be roughly the three centuries covered by the years 1650-1950, though most of the songs we, as audiences, know and love were composed in the middle of this period, in other words in the 19th century.
Conference on the Numerical Solution of Differential Equations: Dundee 1973 (Lecture Notes in Mathematics #363)
by G. A. Watson
Conflict and Compromise: The Strategy, Politics and Diplomacy of the French Blockade, 1914–1918
by M.M. FarrarThe historical literature on the first world war has devoted relatively little attention to the Allied blockade of the Central Powers. The few published studies have concentrated either on the blockade's naval aspects or exclusively on the British contribution. Little effort has been made heretofore to distinguish the French role. This study focuses on the French contribution to the diplomatic, as contrasted with the maritime, blockade of the Central Powers. It discusses primarily French relations with the so-called European border neutral states : principally Switzerland, but also the Netherlands and the three Scandinavian countries. Only in the diplomatic aspects of the Allied blockade program did the French play a distinctive role. Their token contribution to maritime blockade activity remained subordinate to the British. An examination of Franco-neutral rela tions involves not only a study of those diplomatic contacts per se but also a comparison of French and British tactics as a reflection of differing economic warfare concepts. This study also investigates the development of a French blockade organization to meet the demands of this new weapon, the diplomatic blockade.
Confrontation of Cosmological Theories with Observational Data (International Astronomical Union Symposia #63)
by Malcolm S. LongairProceedings of IAU Symposium No. 63, held in Cracow, Poland, September 10-12, 1973
Connective Tissues: Biochemistry and Pathophysiology
by Reinhard Fricke and Fritz Hartmannconnective tissues are essential for the physical functioning of the animals's body. The condition of the various connective tissues is governed by biochemical factors, anabolism and catabolism, that are controlled by specific enzymes. Any change outside the normal range of metabolism, for instance induced by immunological reactions, may induce a pathological disturbance. The result can be acute or chronic inflammation, or loss of normal function, expressed in loosening, dilatation, breaking, wear, stiffness, shrinking, scars, stenosis, and cirrhosis or any other kind of fibrosis. A first step toward improving our understanding of the feedback mecha nism that maintains the biological status and texture of a given connective tissue is to combine what is known about synthesis and enzymatic degradation of the components of fibers and ground substance. Common pathological phenomena like chronic inflammation of immune reactions can be either the result of the cause of disturbances in the sensitive balance of connective tissue metabolism. Nowadays con nective tissues are less and less regarded as brady trophic tissue but rather as a stimulating and many-sided problem of research. Before we can understand the pathogenesis of the connective tissue diseases that result in the destructive processes mentioned above, basic research will be necessary. This research will be furthered by a constant exchange of information and the results of· observations. To promote this exchange of information between scientists, symposia on connective tissue research are organized at regular intervals.
Conservative Politics in France (Routledge Revivals)
by Malcolm AndersonFirst published in 1974 Conservative Politics in France gives a scholarly account of politics in France from 1880 to the present and explains the way in which the Right has evolved from a collection of weak and transitory political associations to the relatively well – organised Gaullist coalition. Exciting patterns of interaction between personal careers, political events, and party organisation have characterised this period. War and colonial conflict have brought an end not only to regimes but also to political parties. The lingering influences of an aristocracy and bourgeoisie de tradition, and the survival of a large peasantry and local social systems preserved peculiar styles of politics. The first great wave of party building at the beginning of the twentieth century produced organisations ranging from the doctrinaire anti-parliamentary league to the loose electoral association. The Fourth Republic saw another wave of party building but only since 1958 has a party emerged which can attract most of the moderate and conservative electorate. No other book has attempted to cover this historical period and to give detail accounts of local as well as national political structures. This is an interesting read for scholars and researchers of French political history, French politics, and European politics.
Conservative Politics in France (Routledge Revivals)
by Malcolm AndersonFirst published in 1974 Conservative Politics in France gives a scholarly account of politics in France from 1880 to the present and explains the way in which the Right has evolved from a collection of weak and transitory political associations to the relatively well – organised Gaullist coalition. Exciting patterns of interaction between personal careers, political events, and party organisation have characterised this period. War and colonial conflict have brought an end not only to regimes but also to political parties. The lingering influences of an aristocracy and bourgeoisie de tradition, and the survival of a large peasantry and local social systems preserved peculiar styles of politics. The first great wave of party building at the beginning of the twentieth century produced organisations ranging from the doctrinaire anti-parliamentary league to the loose electoral association. The Fourth Republic saw another wave of party building but only since 1958 has a party emerged which can attract most of the moderate and conservative electorate. No other book has attempted to cover this historical period and to give detail accounts of local as well as national political structures. This is an interesting read for scholars and researchers of French political history, French politics, and European politics.
Constructive and Computational Methods for Differential and Integral Equations: Symposium, Indiana University, February 17-20, 1974 (Lecture Notes in Mathematics #430)
by D. L. Colton R. P. Gilbert
Contemporary Topics in Immunobiology: Volume 3
by Max CooperContemporary immunobiology is an ever-diversifying field that embraces many aspects of cellular and humoral immune responsiveness. This includes the phylogeny, ontogeny, induction, regulation, expression, and differentiation of the immune-cell series, as well as the relationship of these to the pathogenesis of many disease processes. It is clearly beyond the limitations of each volume in this series to comprehensively cover progress in each of these fields. Three general areas of contemporary investigations are discussed in the current issue: cellular events of B cell differentiation, including antigen recognition and respon siveness of B lymphocytes; regulation of the immune response by T cells, and the roles of this regulatory system in allotype suppression and in autoimm unity; and the genetic control of immune responses and its possible relation to disease pathogenesis. Analysis of responsiveness of B lymphocytes has been greatly aided by the availability of athymic nude mice. The immunological responsiveness of these mice to a wide range of stimuli has been reviewed and analyzed by H. H. Wortis. This article concludes with the provocative thesis that in the future "nudes will supply new rather than confirmatory data . . . (especially regarding) the develop ment of neoplasia. " In contrast to the studies on the congenitally athymic mice, G. F.