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The Regionalization of Warfare: The Falkland/Malvinas Islands, Lebanon, and the Iran-Iraq Conflict
by James Brown William P. SnyderThree wars have dominated world events in recent years: The conflict which erupted between the United Kingdom and Argentina over the Falkland/Malvinas Islands; the multinational conflict in Lebanon involving Irsaeli, Syrian, and FLO forces in Lebanon; and the savage struggles between ground and air units of the Iranian and Iraqi forces. The scale and intensity of these wars, their potential for global conflict, make them crucial for an understanding among citizens in general, and defense and political analysts in particular.The authors and contributors to this most unusual volume come to several common conclusions: professionalism is a crucial factor in military effectiveness, but not necessarily dependent on modes of recruitment; high technology is crucial, but only in relation to the quality and training of the personnel; public support is necessary to sustain military morale in democratic and authoritarian regimes alike. These are only some of the incisive findings registered and explored in The Regionalization of Warfare.The volume a'ssembles experts not only on these three major regional and interregional conflicts, but on current U.S. defense policies; Soviet strategic interests in Middle East and Persian Gulf conflicts; and a series of papers on lessons learned and unlearned as a result of these "small wars" of the early 1980s. For those interested in military history, global strategy, and regional rivalries, this -collection of finely written, sophisticated papers will prove to be of intense concern.
San Andreas: San Andreas, The Golden Rendezvous, Seawitch, Santorini
by Alistair MacLeanAnother magnificent tale of treachery at sea from a storytelling genius.
Sentenced to Prism (Humanx Commonwealth #5)
by Alan Dean FosterThe Humanx Commonwealth: Book Five.He was smart. He was good. He was backed by the Commonwealth's best equipment. So what could possibly go wrong? 'In the midst of life...' thought Evan Orgel. A whole lot of life. Alien life-form upon alien life-form, crawling, floating, wriggling, darting and oozing. The entire unexplored surface of the planet Prism was unimaginably alive. '...we are in death.' His death. His Mobile Hostile World suit - the very latest, state-of-the-art, off-world protection gear - had just failed. Attacked in just about the only way its proud makers hadn't thought of. So there he lay, a hermit crab trapped in his own armour, while the myriad alien life-forms of prism crawled, floated, wriggled, darted and oozed about him, getting ready to open him up like a tin of upmarket cat food. Evan Orgell was full of misery.
Simon And The Oaks
by Marianne Fredriksson'Sad and funny, this is a wonderful book. I didn't want it to end' WOMAN'S WEEKLY'An enthralling saga, set in Sweden, about the lives of two boys before, during and after the war ... impossible to put down' THE TIMESAs a child, Simon was always aware that there was something different about him, something that caused late-night quarrels and sometimes tears. With the rise of Hitler in Germany and the coming of war to Sweden's neighbours, the tensions increase.Befriending a young Jewish boy, Isak, who is quickly taken under his mother's wing, enriches Simon's life, but makes it more difficult too - for Isak seems to fit in much better at home than Simon does.With the war's end comes the day when Simon must be told the truth. The truth about his affinity for the lake and its surrounding oak trees; for the strange dreams of an old man beneath the ways - and the truth about his past.
Sozaboy
by Ken Saro-WiwaSozaboy powerfully describes the fate of a young, naive soldier thrown into the frontline of a civil war, from his first proud days of recruitment to the disillusionment and horrors that follow.Mene yearns for manhood. He dreams of gaining the glory that the ex-soldier in his village brags about, with his stories of hunting 'Hitla'. So when war breaks out and soldiers appear in Mene's isolated village, he sees his chance to finally wear a uniform. Too soon, however, Mene's innocence turns to terror. While witnessing the unfathomable, Mene must learn to evade the carnage of warfare if he wants to make it home alive...Writing in Nigerian Pidgin English, Ken Saro-Wiwa creates a unique window into the dark consequences of meaningless war.'Haunting.' Guardian 'Sozaboy is not simply a great African novel, it is also a great anti-war novel, among the very best the twentieth century has produced.' William Boyd
The Tenth Man (Penguin Twentieth Century Classics)
by Graham GreeneIn a prison in Occupied France one in every ten men is to be shot. The prisoners draw lots among themselves - and for rich lawyer Louis Chavel it seems that his whole life has been leading up to an agonising and crucial failure of nerve. Hysterical with panic, fear, and a sense of injustice, he offers to barter everything he owns for someone to take his place. Graham Greene wrote The Tenth Man in 1944, when he was under a two-year contract to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and the manuscript lay forgotten in MGM's archives until 1983. It was published two years later with an introduction by the author.
Thursday’s Child
by Helen ForresterTimeless romance from the best-selling author of Tuppence to Cross the Mersey. With over 3 million copies sold around the world, Helen Forrester’s hard-hitting and gripping fiction set in post-war Liverpool continues to move readers.
Vichy France and the Resistance: Culture and Ideology (Routledge Library Editions: WW2 #37)
by Roger Austin Roderick KedwardThis book, first published in 1985, examines various aspects of the intellectual achievements of writers and artists in the Vichy period; a strong emphasis on the ambiguity of much of their work emerges from the research. It goes a long way in answering the question of what it was like living under the fascist Vichy regime, and what the collaborators and resistance thought about their purpose and patriotism.
Vichy France and the Resistance: Culture and Ideology (Routledge Library Editions: WW2 #37)
by Roderick Kedward and Roger AustinThis book, first published in 1985, examines various aspects of the intellectual achievements of writers and artists in the Vichy period; a strong emphasis on the ambiguity of much of their work emerges from the research. It goes a long way in answering the question of what it was like living under the fascist Vichy regime, and what the collaborators and resistance thought about their purpose and patriotism.
Who Will Take Our Children?: The Story of the Evacuation in Britain 1939–1945 (Routledge Library Editions: WW2 #46)
by Carlton JacksonThis book, first published in 1985, is a scholarly examination of the of the British wartime evacuation of 4 million people, mostly children, from the cities to the countryside – and how it affected social life during the war years. It uses hitherto unpublished material from the collections of the Children’s Overseas Reception Board and the Mass Observation Archive.
Who Will Take Our Children?: The Story of the Evacuation in Britain 1939–1945 (Routledge Library Editions: WW2 #46)
by Carlton JacksonThis book, first published in 1985, is a scholarly examination of the of the British wartime evacuation of 4 million people, mostly children, from the cities to the countryside – and how it affected social life during the war years. It uses hitherto unpublished material from the collections of the Children’s Overseas Reception Board and the Mass Observation Archive.
Wings of Judgment: American Bombing in World War II
by Ronald SchafferWorld War II--"the good war"--is here viewed from a new angle of vision, one that sheds fresh light on how major decisions were reached. More than just a book on the strategy and outcome of American bombing in World War II, Wings of Judgment tells about choices in war, decisions that determined whether hundreds of thousands of people lived or died and whether famous cities and great monuments of civilization survived or were destroyed. It is about the bombing of Dresden and Berlin and of dozens of cities and towns all over Germany and about the preservation of Rome and Florence. It is about the incineration of Tokyo, the bombing of Hiroshima, and the sparing of one of Japan's most beautiful and holy places, the city of Kyoto. Describing U.S. air raids that terrified inhabitants of enemy nations and citizens of enemy-occupied countries, it raises serious questions about the military and moral effects of American bombing. It also tells of American efforts to avoid killing civilians needlessly. Taking us behind the scenes at military headquarters, Schaffer shows that even the toughest warriors occasionally found themselves offering moral arguments for their actions, arguing that they were made right by enemy atrocities, by the justness of the Allied cause, and by the numbers of lives of American servicemen that Allied bombing might save.
The Agrarian Question in Socialist Transitions
by Ashwani SaithFirst published in 1986. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Agrarian Question in Socialist Transitions
by Ashwani SaithFirst published in 1986. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Army and Vietnam
by Andrew F. Krepinevich Jr.Many senior army officials still claim that if they had been given enough soldiers and weapons, the United States could have won the war in Vietnam. In this probing analysis of U.S. military policy in Vietnam, career army officer and strategist Andrew F. Krepinevich, Jr., argues that precisely because of this mindset the war was lost before it was fought.The army assumed that it could transplant to Indochina the operational methods that had been successful in the European battle theaters of World War II, an approach that proved ill-suited to the way the Vietnamese Communist forces fought. Theirs was a war of insurgency, and counterinsurgency, Krepinevich contends, requires light infantry formations, firepower restraint, and the resolution of political and social problems within the nation. To the very end, top military commanders refused to recognize this.Krepinevich documents the deep division not only between the American military and civilian leaders over the very nature of the war, but also within the U.S. Army itself. Through extensive research in declassified material and interviews with officers and men with battlefield experience, he shows that those engaged in the combat understood early on that they were involved in a different kind of conflict. Their reports and urgings were discounted by the generals, who pressed on with a conventional war that brought devastation but little success.A thorough analysis of the U.S. Army's role in the Vietnam War, The Army and Vietnam demonstrates with chilling persuasiveness the ways in which the army was unprepared to fight—lessons applicable to today's wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
China's Military Reforms: International And Domestic Implications
by Charles D. LovejoyChina’s reform policies during the past decade have resulted in the reorganization of economic and political structures and have led to a dramatic reorientation of the nation’s foreign policy. These reforms have especially influenced China’s military establishment, which is now in a period of major transition. What new paradigm is replacing the old Maoist model of People’s War, however, is not clear. This book examines what China’s military modernization means for the global and regional balance of power and for China’s internal political-economic system. Specific chapters focus on changes in Chinese strategy and doctrine, developments in defense industries and military procurements, China’s acquisition of foreign technology, its military education system, and its nuclear weapons program.
China's Military Reforms: International And Domestic Implications
by Charles D. Lovejoy Bruce W. WatsonChina’s reform policies during the past decade have resulted in the reorganization of economic and political structures and have led to a dramatic reorientation of the nation’s foreign policy. These reforms have especially influenced China’s military establishment, which is now in a period of major transition. What new paradigm is replacing the old Maoist model of People’s War, however, is not clear. This book examines what China’s military modernization means for the global and regional balance of power and for China’s internal political-economic system. Specific chapters focus on changes in Chinese strategy and doctrine, developments in defense industries and military procurements, China’s acquisition of foreign technology, its military education system, and its nuclear weapons program.
Codebreaking and Signals Intelligence (Routledge Library Editions: International Security Studies #2)
by Christopher AndrewDespite publicity given to the successes of British and American codebreakers during the Second World War, the study of signals intelligence is still complicated by governmental secrecy over even the most elderly peacetime sigint. This book, first published in 1986, lifts the veil on some of these historical secrets. Christopher Andrew and Keith Neilson cast new light on how Tsarist codebreakers penetrated British code and cypher systems. John Chapman’s study of German military codebreaking represents a major advance in our understanding of cryptanalysis during the Weimar Republic. The history of the Government Code and Cypher School – forerunner of today’s GCHQ – by its operational head, the late A.G. Denniston, provides both a general assessment of the achievements of British cryptanalysis between the wars and a tantalising glimpse of what historians may one day find in GCHQ’s forbidden archives. The distinguished cryptanalyst of Bletchley Park, the late Gordon Welchman, describes in detail how the Ultra programme defeated the German Enigma machine, while another Bletchley Park cryptographer, Christopher Morris, reminds us in his account of the valuable work on hand cyphers that wartime sigint consisted of much more than Ultra. Roger Austin’s study of surveillance under the Vichy regime shows the continuing importance of older and simpler methods of message interception such as letter-opening. Taken together, the articles establish sigint as an essential field of study for both the modern historian and the political scientist.
Codebreaking and Signals Intelligence (Routledge Library Editions: International Security Studies #2)
by Christopher AndrewDespite publicity given to the successes of British and American codebreakers during the Second World War, the study of signals intelligence is still complicated by governmental secrecy over even the most elderly peacetime sigint. This book, first published in 1986, lifts the veil on some of these historical secrets. Christopher Andrew and Keith Neilson cast new light on how Tsarist codebreakers penetrated British code and cypher systems. John Chapman’s study of German military codebreaking represents a major advance in our understanding of cryptanalysis during the Weimar Republic. The history of the Government Code and Cypher School – forerunner of today’s GCHQ – by its operational head, the late A.G. Denniston, provides both a general assessment of the achievements of British cryptanalysis between the wars and a tantalising glimpse of what historians may one day find in GCHQ’s forbidden archives. The distinguished cryptanalyst of Bletchley Park, the late Gordon Welchman, describes in detail how the Ultra programme defeated the German Enigma machine, while another Bletchley Park cryptographer, Christopher Morris, reminds us in his account of the valuable work on hand cyphers that wartime sigint consisted of much more than Ultra. Roger Austin’s study of surveillance under the Vichy regime shows the continuing importance of older and simpler methods of message interception such as letter-opening. Taken together, the articles establish sigint as an essential field of study for both the modern historian and the political scientist.
The Denuclearisation of the Oceans (Routledge Revivals)
by R. B. ByersIn the 1980s concern throughout the world was growing about the use of the oceans by nuclear-powered naval vessels and naval vessels carrying nuclear weapons. Many countries were keen to keep their ports and the waters off their coastlines "nuclear-free". Originally published in 1986, this book presents a worldwide survey of the state of the nuclear use of the oceans and assesses the prospects for denuclearisation at the time. It looks at the legal background, the practical issues and the attitudes and positions in different parts of the world. ‘… while regional efforts of disarmament and arms control are necessary, so are global efforts. At the same time, international legal norms, including the Law of the Sea, must be adopted and utilized in the ever difficult search for world peace’. Arvid Pardo.
The Denuclearisation of the Oceans (Routledge Revivals)
by R. B. ByersIn the 1980s concern throughout the world was growing about the use of the oceans by nuclear-powered naval vessels and naval vessels carrying nuclear weapons. Many countries were keen to keep their ports and the waters off their coastlines "nuclear-free". Originally published in 1986, this book presents a worldwide survey of the state of the nuclear use of the oceans and assesses the prospects for denuclearisation at the time. It looks at the legal background, the practical issues and the attitudes and positions in different parts of the world. ‘… while regional efforts of disarmament and arms control are necessary, so are global efforts. At the same time, international legal norms, including the Law of the Sea, must be adopted and utilized in the ever difficult search for world peace’. Arvid Pardo.
The Eastern Front, 1941-45, German Troops and the Barbarisation ofWarfare (St Antony's Series)
by Omer BartovBased largely upon unpublished sources, Omer Bartov's study looks closely at the background of the German army on the Eastern Front during the Second World War. He describes the physical hardship, the discipline and morale at the front, and analyses the social, educational and political background of the junior officers who formed the backbone of the German army. Only with these factors in mind - together with the knowledge of the extent of National Socialist indoctrination - can we begin to explain the criminal activities of the German army in Russia and the extent of involvement of the army in the execution of Hitler's brutal policies.
From Telecommunications to Electronic Services: A Global Spectrum of Definitions, Boundary Lines, and Structures
by Robert R. Bruce Jeffrey P. Cunard Mark D. DirectorReport of the Study of Telecommunications Structures: From Telecommunications to Electronic Services: A Global Spectrum of Definitions, Boundary Lines, and Structures focuses on the advancements in the processes, methodologies, and regulations involved in telecommunications and electronic services. The book first elaborates on common themes and a comparative analysis, including a comparative assessment of definitional and boundary line issues; varying national approaches to the structures of the telecommunications industry; and "engines" for change, institutional mechanisms, and economic pressures. The manuscript then examines international policy issues and institutional perspective of international issues. Topics cover agreements for information and financial service-oriented networks; enhanced service interconnection; impact of international satellite services on national tariff and service policies; and spillover of changes in domestic policy to the international arena.The publication takes a look at the growth of telecommunications and electronic services in the United States, United Kingdom, Japan, and Canada. Discussions focus on the British approach to service definitions and categories; definitional issues raised by the telecommunications business law; reconciling competitive goals with advanced service capabilities; jurisdictional boundaries in Canadian telecommunications; and domestic satellite policies.The text is a valuable source of data for telecommunications and electronic services experts wanting to explore the progress in telecommunications and electronic services.