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A Stochastic Model for Immunological Feedback in Carcinogenesis: Analysis and Approximations (Lecture Notes in Biomathematics #9)

by N. Dubin

Stochastic processes often pose the difficulty that, as soon as a model devi­ ates from the simplest kinds of assumptions, the differential equations obtained for the density and the generating functions become mathematically formidable. Worse still, one is very often led to equations which have no known solution and don't yield to standard analytical methods for differential equations. In the model considered here, one for tumor growth with an immunological re­ sponse from the normal tissue, a nonlinear term in the transition probability for the death of a tumor cell leads to the above-mentioned complications. Despite the mathematical disadvantages of this nonlinearity, we are able to consider a more sophisticated model biologically. Ultimately, in order to achieve a more realistic representation of a complicated phenomenon, it is necessary to examine mechanisms which allow the model to deviate from the more mathematically tractable linear format. Thus far, stochastic models for tumor growth have almost exclusively considered linear transition probabilities.

Stochastic Processes in Queueing Theory (Stochastic Modelling and Applied Probability #4)

by Alexandr Borovkov

The object of queueing theory (or the theory of mass service) is the investigation of stochastic processes of a special form which are called queueing (or service) processes in this book. Two approaches to the definition of these processes are possible depending on the direction of investigation. In accordance with this fact, the exposition of the subject can be broken up into two self-contained parts. The first of these forms the content of this monograph. . The definition of the queueing processes (systems) to be used here is dose to the traditional one and is connected with the introduction of so-called governing random sequences. We will introduce algorithms which describe the governing of a system with the aid of such sequences. Such a definition inevitably becomes rather qualitative since under these conditions a completely formal construction of a stochastic process uniquely describing the evolution of the system would require introduction of a complicated phase space not to mention the difficulties of giving the distribution of such a process on this phase space.

Taschenrechner Handbuch: Naturwissenschaft Technik

by Harald Schumny

Unterhaltsame Geometrie

by C. Stanley Ogilvy

Was ist Geometrie? Eine junge Dame, so gefragt, antwortet ohne Zögern: "Oh, das ist das, wo etwas bewiesen wird." Gedrängt, ein Beispiel flir so ein zu beweisendes Etwas zu geben, mußte sie passen. Auch war ihr entgangen, warum es eine gute Sache war, etwas zu beweisen. Die Reaktion der Dame ist typisch für viele Menschen, die meinen, auf der Schule Geometrie gelernt zu haben. Sie vergessen alle die Hauptsache und ver­ gegenwärtigen sich nicht, warum dieser Stoff durchgenommen worden ist. Das Vergessen der Sätze ist keine Tragödie. Wir vergessen vieles von dem, was wir während unserer Schulzeit lernten - oder sollte ich sagen, was uns dort begegnete? Nichtsdesto­ weniger ist es bedauerlich, wenn ein ganzer Unterricht so langweilig ist, daß es nicht gelingt, irgendetwas daraus in dem Gedächtnis der Schüler einzuprägen. Zugegeben, die traditionelle Geometrie war selbst an diesem Mangel schuld (und ist es noch). Und warum wurde sie gelehrt? Weil man meinte, dem jungen Menschen ein einheitliches logisches System auf einem ihm gemäßen Niveau bieten zu müssen. Vermutlich erreichten einige Schüler das gewünschte Ziel, aber viele andere wurden so durch die Einzelheiten abge­ lenkt, daß sie den Blick für die Hauptsache verloren.

Variational Methods in Theoretical Mechanics (Universitext)

by J.T. Oden J.N. Reddy

This is a textbook written for use in a graduate-level course for students of mechanics and engineering science. It is designed to cover the essential features of modern variational methods and to demonstrate how a number of basic mathematical concepts can be used to produce a unified theory of variational mechanics. As prerequisite to using this text, we assume that the student is equipped with an introductory course in functional analysis at a level roughly equal to that covered, for example, in Kolmogorov and Fomin (Functional Analysis, Vol. I, Graylock, Rochester, 1957) and possibly a graduate-level course in continuum mechanics. Numerous references to supplementary material are listed throughout the book. We are indebted to Professor Jim Douglas of the University of Chicago, who read an earlier version of the manuscript and whose detailed suggestions were extremely helpful in preparing the final draft. He also gratefully acknowledge that much of our own research work on variational theory was supported by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research. He are indebted to Mr. Ming-Goei Sheu for help in proofreading. Finally, we wish to express thanks to Mrs. Marilyn Gude for her excellent and pains­ taking job of typing the manuscript. J. T. ODEN J. N. REDDY Table of Contents PREFACE 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Role of Variational Theory in Mechanics. 1 1.2 Some Historical Comments ......... . 2 1.3 Plan of Study ............... . 5 7 2. MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CLASSICAL VARIATIONAL THEORY 7 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . .

Working Class Youth Culture (Routledge Revivals)


First published in 1976, Working Class Youth Culture offers a much-needed alternative viewpoint to the law-and-order lobby which treats the youth question as a dreadful pest to be exterminated or caged in. The contributors describe the real conditions of life for working-class youth; how they make sense of the world; and how we can understand their perspective. The subjects discussed include Teddy Boys, Mods, Skinheads and the Glamrock Cult; dance-hall fights; picking up girls and going steady; how schools manufacture delinquency, truancy and vandalism; how working-class kids slide from bad schools to bad jobs, or to no jobs at all; Paki-bashing, racism and the competition over jobs and houses; how social change in post-war Britain has influenced youth culture; and how social scientists have hidden the real character of youth troubles behind the myth of a classless society. This book will be of interest to students of sociology and anthropology.

Working Class Youth Culture (Routledge Revivals)

by Geoff Mungham Geoff Pearson

First published in 1976, Working Class Youth Culture offers a much-needed alternative viewpoint to the law-and-order lobby which treats the youth question as a dreadful pest to be exterminated or caged in. The contributors describe the real conditions of life for working-class youth; how they make sense of the world; and how we can understand their perspective. The subjects discussed include Teddy Boys, Mods, Skinheads and the Glamrock Cult; dance-hall fights; picking up girls and going steady; how schools manufacture delinquency, truancy and vandalism; how working-class kids slide from bad schools to bad jobs, or to no jobs at all; Paki-bashing, racism and the competition over jobs and houses; how social change in post-war Britain has influenced youth culture; and how social scientists have hidden the real character of youth troubles behind the myth of a classless society. This book will be of interest to students of sociology and anthropology.

The Yugoslav Economic System (Routledge Revivals): The First Labor-Managed Economy in the Making

by Branko Horvat

First published in 1976, this book traces the development of the Yugoslav economy from the end of the Second World War to the beginning of 1975, which the author argues was a highly productive era of social innovation. Drawing on personal experience of the Revolution, the Partisan Liberation War and his time as a member of the Federal Planning Board as well as a comprehensive array of written sources, the author attempts to understand the development process, compare policy proclamations with achieved results, study the theories and ideas that led a to certain policy, distinguish the economic and political ingredients in decision making and analyses the causes of success and failure.

The Yugoslav Economic System (Routledge Revivals): The First Labor-Managed Economy in the Making

by Branko Horvat

First published in 1976, this book traces the development of the Yugoslav economy from the end of the Second World War to the beginning of 1975, which the author argues was a highly productive era of social innovation. Drawing on personal experience of the Revolution, the Partisan Liberation War and his time as a member of the Federal Planning Board as well as a comprehensive array of written sources, the author attempts to understand the development process, compare policy proclamations with achieved results, study the theories and ideas that led a to certain policy, distinguish the economic and political ingredients in decision making and analyses the causes of success and failure.

The Absolute Differential Calculus: Calculus Of Tensors (Dover Books on Mathematics)

by Tullio Levi-Civita

Written by a towering figure of twentieth-century mathematics, this classic examines the mathematical background necessary for a grasp of relativity theory. Tullio Levi-Civita provides a thorough treatment of the introductory theories that form the basis for discussions of fundamental quadratic forms and absolute differential calculus, and he further explores physical applications.Part one opens with considerations of functional determinants and matrices, advancing to systems of total differential equations, linear partial differential equations, algebraic foundations, and a geometrical introduction to theory. The second part addresses covariant differentiation, curvature-related Riemann's symbols and properties, differential quadratic forms of classes zero and one, and intrinsic geometry. The final section focuses on physical applications, covering gravitational equations and general relativity.

Algebraic Geometry (Graduate Texts in Mathematics #52)

by Robin Hartshorne

An introduction to abstract algebraic geometry, with the only prerequisites being results from commutative algebra, which are stated as needed, and some elementary topology. More than 400 exercises distributed throughout the book offer specific examples as well as more specialised topics not treated in the main text, while three appendices present brief accounts of some areas of current research. This book can thus be used as textbook for an introductory course in algebraic geometry following a basic graduate course in algebra.Robin Hartshorne studied algebraic geometry with Oscar Zariski and David Mumford at Harvard, and with J.-P. Serre and A. Grothendieck in Paris. He is the author of "Residues and Duality", "Foundations of Projective Geometry", "Ample Subvarieties of Algebraic Varieties", and numerous research titles.

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