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Aeolian Desertification: Disaster with Visual Impact in Semi-arid Regions of Andhra Pradesh, South India (Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences)
by Pradeep Kumar Badapalli Raghu Babu Kottala Padma Sree PujariThis book summarizes contemporary research on land degradation, desertification, and how such issues relate to socioeconomic growth in developing countries. With a focus on local and regional levels, the book offers an in-depth analysis of aeolian action as a physical process, causes of land degradation, and desertification. The causes and effects of land degradation were investigated by utilizing multiscale and multidisciplinary methodologies, merging spatial socioeconomic data with remote sensing data, and using multiple levels and disciplinary approaches. The book also describes how to combine GIS with cutting-edge technologies such as remote sensing, geostatistics, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis, and analytical hierarchy approaches, among others. Included is a thorough case study of the unusual but understudied semi-arid Anantapur district in Andhra Pradesh, South India. This book encourages the participation of all socioeconomic groups in decision-making and assists authorities and planners in developing suitable plans for the sustainable agricultural growth of an area. The book is an invaluable resource to comprehend and resolve issues about sustainable environmental planning and management.
Rock Properties and Reservoir Engineering: A Practical View (Petroleum Engineering)
by Amr Mohamed Badawy Tarek Al GanatThis book comprehensively identifies most reservoir rock properties using a very simple approach. It aids junior and senior reservoir and geology engineers to understand the main fundamentals of rock properties. The book provides examples and solutions that can help the readers to quickly understand the topic. This book covers reservoir rock properties and their relationship to each other. The book includes many figures, tables, exercises, and flow diagrams to simplify the topics in different approaches.
Making Sense of Cities: A geographical survey
by Blair BadcockIn 2000, for the first time, a majority of the world's population was living in cities. The trend towards increasing urbanization shows no sign of slowing and the third millennium looks set to be an unprecedentedly urban one.'Making Sense of Cities' provides an up-to-date, vibrant and accessible introduction to urban geography. It offers students a sense of the patterns and processess of urbanization and the spatial organisation of cities, recognizing the significance of globalization, economics, politics and culture from a range of perspectives. Above all, it seeks to provide a relevant approach, inviting students to engage with competing theories of the urban and to assess them against the background of their own opinions and personal experience.Examples and case studies are drawn from a range of international settings, from San Francisco to Shanghai, Sydney to Singapore, giving a genuinely global coverage. The book is written in a fresh and engaging stlye, and is fully illustrated throughout. It is designed to appeal to any student of the urban and will be essential to students of geography, urban studies, town planning and land economy.
Making Sense of Cities: A geographical survey (A\hodder Arnold Publication)
by Blair BadcockIn 2000, for the first time, a majority of the world's population was living in cities. The trend towards increasing urbanization shows no sign of slowing and the third millennium looks set to be an unprecedentedly urban one.'Making Sense of Cities' provides an up-to-date, vibrant and accessible introduction to urban geography. It offers students a sense of the patterns and processess of urbanization and the spatial organisation of cities, recognizing the significance of globalization, economics, politics and culture from a range of perspectives. Above all, it seeks to provide a relevant approach, inviting students to engage with competing theories of the urban and to assess them against the background of their own opinions and personal experience.Examples and case studies are drawn from a range of international settings, from San Francisco to Shanghai, Sydney to Singapore, giving a genuinely global coverage. The book is written in a fresh and engaging stlye, and is fully illustrated throughout. It is designed to appeal to any student of the urban and will be essential to students of geography, urban studies, town planning and land economy.
Case Studies in Spatial Point Process Modeling (Lecture Notes in Statistics #185)
by Adrian Baddeley Pablo Gregori Jorge Mateu Mahiques Radu Stoica Dietrich StoyanPoint process statistics is successfully used in fields such as material science, human epidemiology, social sciences, animal epidemiology, biology, and seismology. Its further application depends greatly on good software and instructive case studies that show the way to successful work. This book satisfies this need by a presentation of the spatstat package and many statistical examples. Researchers, spatial statisticians and scientists from biology, geosciences, materials sciences and other fields will use this book as a helpful guide to the application of point process statistics. No other book presents so many well-founded point process case studies. From the reviews: "For those interested in analyzing their spatial data, the wide variatey of examples and approaches here give a good idea of the possibilities and suggest reasonable paths to explore." Michael Sherman for the Journal of the American Statistical Association, December 2006
Analytic Solutions for Flows Through Cascades (Springer Theses)
by Peter Jonathan BaddooThis thesis is concerned with flows through cascades, i.e. periodic arrays of obstacles. Such geometries are relevant to a range of physical scenarios, chiefly the aerodynamics and aeroacoustics of turbomachinery flows. Despite the fact that turbomachinery is of paramount importance to a number of industries, many of the underlying mechanisms in cascade flows remain opaque. In order to clarify the function of different physical parameters, the author considers six separate problems. For example, he explores the significance of realistic blade geometries in predicting turbomachinery performance, and the possibility that porous blades can achieve noise reductions. In order to solve these challenging problems, the author deploys and indeed develops techniques from across the spectrum of complex analysis: the Wiener–Hopf method, Riemann–Hilbert problems, and the Schottky–Klein prime function all feature prominently. These sophisticated tools are then used to elucidate the underlying mathematical and physical structures present in cascade flows. The ensuing solutions greatly extend previous works and offer new avenues for future research. The results are not of simply academic value but are also useful for aircraft designers seeking to balance aeroacoustic and aerodynamic effects.
Peach (Crop Production Science in Horticulture)
by Maria Luisa Badenes James Adaskaveg B. Anthony Daniele Bassi B. Blaauw C. Bonghi A. Botton M. Cirilli Luis Cisneros-Zevallos M. Christofi B. Dichio M. F. Drincovich P. Drogoudi Gemma Echeverria Helga Förster S. Foschi K. Gasic Daniela Giovannini Thomas M Gradziel I. Iglesias Gregory A Lang J. C. Melgar P. Milonas I. S. Minas B. Morandi M. Á. Moreno A. L. Nielsen Nikolaos T Papadopoulos J. Pieper G. Reig Gregory Reighard David Ritchie S. Sansavini Guido Schnabel P. Tonutti L. Trainotti A. R Vicente C. XiloyannisPeach is a highly valuable temperate fruit crop with significant consumer demand and nutraceutical benefits. This book provides comprehensive and up-to-date coverage on sustainable production processes for peach and nectarine. The latter is a natural mutation of peach that lacks fuzzy skin. It includes fundamental information to help reduce production risks for growers, improve fruit quality, and increase potential market returns, whilst addressing current emerging issues such as climate change and shifting global and regional production practices. Written by an international team of expert authors and highly illustrated in full colour throughout, Peach presents information in an organized and easy-to-follow manner, with content including: Peach tree architecture. Rootstocks. Cultivars. In-field operations (irrigation, fertilization, thinning, harvest) Fruit quality, composition and nutritional benefits. Peach fruit growth, development and ripening physiology. Postharvest technology, including supply chain management protocols. Preharvest and postharvest diseases. Biology and management of insect pests. The peach canning industry. This is an essential resource for students and researchers in horticulture, as well as professionals in pomology including fruit growers, consultants and extension specialists, and cold storage and transportation managers.
China's Foreign Relations and the Survival of Autocracies (Routledge Explorations in Development Studies)
by Julia BaderThe Chinese government has frequently been criticized for propping up anti-democratic governments. This book investigates the rise of China as an emerging authoritarian power. By comparing China’s bilateral relations to three Asian developing countries – Burma, Cambodia and Mongolia – it examines how China targets specific groups of actors in autocracies versus non-autocracies. It illustrates how the Chinese non-interference policy translates into support for incumbent leaders in autocratic countries and how the Chinese government has thereby profited from exploiting secretive decision making in autocracies to realize its own external interests such as achieving access to natural resources. In a statistical analysis of the patterns of Chinese external cooperation and their impact on the survival of autocratic leaders, the book finds some evidence that China is more likely to target autocracies with economic cooperation. However, only some forms of bilateral interaction are found to increase the prospect of survival for autocratic leaders. This important contribution to the understanding of both external factors of authoritarian endurance and China’s foreign relations, a field of study still lacking systematic investigation, will be of great interest to students and researchers in Development Studies, Asian Studies, International Relations, and International Political Economy.
China's Foreign Relations and the Survival of Autocracies (Routledge Explorations in Development Studies)
by Julia BaderThe Chinese government has frequently been criticized for propping up anti-democratic governments. This book investigates the rise of China as an emerging authoritarian power. By comparing China’s bilateral relations to three Asian developing countries – Burma, Cambodia and Mongolia – it examines how China targets specific groups of actors in autocracies versus non-autocracies. It illustrates how the Chinese non-interference policy translates into support for incumbent leaders in autocratic countries and how the Chinese government has thereby profited from exploiting secretive decision making in autocracies to realize its own external interests such as achieving access to natural resources. In a statistical analysis of the patterns of Chinese external cooperation and their impact on the survival of autocratic leaders, the book finds some evidence that China is more likely to target autocracies with economic cooperation. However, only some forms of bilateral interaction are found to increase the prospect of survival for autocratic leaders. This important contribution to the understanding of both external factors of authoritarian endurance and China’s foreign relations, a field of study still lacking systematic investigation, will be of great interest to students and researchers in Development Studies, Asian Studies, International Relations, and International Political Economy.
Mars: Prospective Energy and Material Resources
by Viorel Badescuth th Mars, the Red Planet, fourth planet from the Sun, forever linked with 19 and 20 Century fantasy of a bellicose, intelligent Martian civilization. The romance and excitement of that fiction remains today, even as technologically sophisticated - botic orbiters, landers, and rovers seek to unveil Mars’ secrets; but so far, they have yet to find evidence of life. The aura of excitement, though, is justified for another reason: Mars is a very special place. It is the only planetary surface in the Solar System where humans, once free from the bounds of Earth, might hope to establish habitable, self-sufficient colonies. Endowed with an insatiable drive, focused motivation, and a keen sense of - ploration and adventure, humans will undergo the extremes of physical hardship and danger to push the envelope, to do what has not yet been done. Because of their very nature, there is little doubt that humans will in fact conquer Mars. But even earth-bound extremes, such those experienced by the early polar explorers, may seem like a walk in the park compared to future experiences on Mars.
Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth's Surface: Recent Advances
by Viorel BadescuSolar radiation data is important for a wide range of applications, e.g. in engineering, agriculture, health sector, and in many fields of the natural sciences. A few examples showing the diversity of applications may include: architecture and building design, e.g. air conditioning and cooling systems; solar heating system design and use; solar power generation; evaporation and irrigation; calculation of water requirements for crops; monitoring plant growth and disease control; skin cancer research.
Moon: Prospective Energy and Material Resources
by Viorel BadescuThe Earth has limited material and energy resources. Further development of the humanity will require going beyond our planet for mining and use of extraterrestrial mineral resources and search of power sources. The exploitation of the natural resources of the Moon is a first natural step on this direction. Lunar materials may contribute to the betterment of conditions of people on Earth but they also may be used to establish permanent settlements on the Moon. This will allow developing new technologies, systems and flight operation techniques to continue space exploration. In fact, a new branch of human civilization could be established permanently on Moon in the next century. But, meantime, an inventory and proper social assessment of Moon’s prospective energy and material resources is required. This book investigates the possibilities and limitations of various systems supplying manned bases on Moon with energy and other vital resources. The book collects together recent proposals and innovative options and solutions. It is a useful source of condensed information for specialists involved in current and impending Moon-related activities and a good starting point for young researchers.
Inner Solar System: Prospective Energy and Material Resources
by Viorel Badescu Kris ZacnyThis book investigates Venus and Mercury prospective energy and material resources. It is a collection of topics related to exploration and utilization of these bodies. It presents past and future technologies and solutions to old problems that could become reality in our life time. The book therefore is a great source of condensed information for specialists interested in current and impending Venus and Mercury related activities and a good starting point for space researchers, inventors, technologists and potential investors.Written for researchers, engineers, and businessmen interested in Venus and Mercury exploration and exploitation.
Outer Solar System: Prospective Energy and Material Resources
by Viorel Badescu Kris ZacnyThe Earth has limited resources while the resources in space are virtually unlimited. Further development of humanity will require going beyond our planet and exploring of extraterrestrial bodies and their resources. This book investigates Outer Solar Systems and their prospective energy and material resources. It presents past missions and future technologies and solutions to old problems that could become reality in our life time. The book therefore is a great resource of condensed information for specialists interested in current and impending Outer Solar Systems related activities and a good starting point for space researchers, inventors, technologists and potential investors.
Handbook of Space Resources
by Viorel Badescu Kris Zacny Yoseph Bar-CohenEarth has limited material and energy resources, while these resources are virtually unlimited in space. It is only a matter of time, before planetary resources are mined and used in-situ to sustain human and robotic exploration or returned to Earth for commercial gain. This book covers a number of aspects related to space resources. In particular, subjects related to mission concepts, exploration approaches, mining and extraction technologies, commercial potential, and regulatory aspects of space resources are covered in detail. This book is therefore a good resource for readers who seek background and deeper understanding of space resources related activities.
Scattering Amplitudes in Quantum Field Theory (Lecture Notes in Physics #1021)
by Simon Badger Johannes Henn Jan Christoph Plefka Simone ZoiaThis open access book bridges a gap between introductory Quantum Field Theory (QFT) courses and state-of-the-art research in scattering amplitudes. It covers the path from basic definitions of QFT to amplitudes, which are relevant for processes in the Standard Model of particle physics. The book begins with a concise yet self-contained introduction to QFT, including perturbative quantum gravity. It then presents modern methods for calculating scattering amplitudes, focusing on tree-level amplitudes, loop-level integrands and loop integration techniques. These methods help to reveal intriguing relations between gauge and gravity amplitudes and are of increasing importance for obtaining high-precision predictions for collider experiments, such as those at the Large Hadron Collider, as well as for foundational mathematical physics studies in QFT, including recent applications to gravitational wave physics.These course-tested lecture notes include numerous exercises with solutions. Requiring only minimal knowledge of QFT, they are well-suited for MSc and PhD students as a preparation for research projects in theoretical particle physics. They can be used as a one-semester graduate level course, or as a self-study guide for researchers interested in fundamental aspects of quantum field theory.
The Sustainability of Health Care Systems in Europe (Contributions to Economic Analysis #295)
by Badi H. Baltagi, Francesco MosconeThis volume contains an Open Access Chapter The Sustainability of Health Care Systems in Europe provides a comprehensive understanding of the sustainability of health systems in Europe. Furthermore, it includes an introduction to how EU action in supporting health- care policies in the EU Member States, looking both at implemented actions and describing current priorities for the future. There has been a rapid evolution of the structure of society and the economy over the last few decades which has created new demands for healthcare services. This has placed pressure on policy makers to ensure the sustainability of the health care sector. Policy makers understand the efficiency of the healthcare delivery system needs to be improved, the shortage of health professionals must be tackled, and that there are growing health inequalities and inequity in access to healthcare. These challenges are exacerbated by recent economic shocks including the 2008 recession, the uncertainty related to Brexit, and the crisis induced by the COVID-19 pandemic, which have impacted the ability of European health systems to finance the health care sector. This book is a must read for researchers and students of health economics and health policy.
Tourism in the Mediterranean Sea: An Italian Perspective
by Badi H. Baltagi, Francesco MosconeTourism in the Mediterranean Sea: An Italian Perspective is the product of a collaborative group of experts in the field of tourism. Academics, whose research focuses on regional tourism system governance, alongside several experts from the tourism sector, contributed to the volume with distinct issues related to the tourism industry. The growth of the Mediterranean Seas tourism system relates to the issue of tourist destination, brand protection, and public communication. The purpose of this book is to define a method of governance to improve regional and territorial tourism policies and to redesign tourist supply of the tourist destination with the goal of social and economic growth of the Mediterranean area. Tourism is rebuilding a vision associated with paths, visits to villages, heritage, tradition, and typical food and wine. Moreover, travellers will also tend to choose the tourist destinations that offer health guarantees. This book, with an innovative and cross-disciplinary approach, is well suited to public decision-makers, university students, and sector experts to build a model of tourism that is able to understand the new opportunities that come from national and international markets in the Mediterranean area.
Climate Realism: The Aesthetics of Weather and Atmosphere in the Anthropocene (Routledge Research in the Anthropocene)
by Lynn Badia Marija Cetini 263 Jeff DiamantiThis book sets forth a new research agenda for climate theory and aesthetics for the age of the Anthropocene. It explores the challenge of representing and conceptualizing climate in the era of climate change. In the Anthropocene when geologic conditions and processes are primarily shaped by human activity, climate indicates not only atmospheric forces but the gamut of human activity that shape these forces. It includes the fuels we use, the lifestyles we cultivate, the industrial infrastructures and supply chains we build, and together these point to the possible futures we may encounter. This book demonstrates how every weather event constitutes the climatic forces that are as much social, cultural, and economic as they are environmental, natural, and physical. By foregrounding this fundamental insight, it intervenes in the well-established political and scientific discourses of climate change by identifying and exploring emergent aesthetic practices and the conceptual project of mediating the various forces embedded in climate. This book is the first to sustain a theoretical and analytical engagement with the category of realism in the context of anthropogenic climate change, to capture climate’s capacity to express embedded histories, and to map the formal strategies of representation that have turned climate into cultural content.
Variational Formulation of Fluid and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics: Mechanics, Symmetries and Conservation Laws (Advances in Geophysical and Environmental Mechanics and Mathematics)
by Gualtiero Badin Fulvio CriscianiThis book describes the derivation of the equations of motion of fluids as well as the dynamics of ocean and atmospheric currents on both large and small scales through the use of variational methods. In this way the equations of Fluid and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics are re-derived making use of a unifying principle, that is Hamilton’s Principle of Least Action. The equations are analyzed within the framework of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics for continuous systems. The analysis of the equations’ symmetries and the resulting conservation laws, from Noether’s Theorem, represent the core of the description. Central to this work is the analysis of particle relabeling symmetry, which is unique for fluid dynamics and results in the conservation of potential vorticity. Different special approximations and relations, ranging from the semi-geostrophic approximation to the conservation of wave activity, are derived and analyzed. Thanks to a complete derivation of all relationships, this book is accessible for students at both undergraduate and graduate levels, as well for researchers. Students of theoretical physics and applied mathematics will recognize the existence of theoretical challenges behind the applied field of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, while students of applied physics, meteorology and oceanography will be able to find and appreciate the fundamental relationships behind equations in this field.
Systems Engineering: Influencing Our Planet and Reengineering Our Actions (Systems Innovation Book Series)
by Adedeji B. BadiruPeople want to create a better world and planet; however, where, and how to start remains the question. Systems Engineering’s problem-solving methodology can help with its ability to answer multiple questions along with connecting actions and impacts. This book uses the Systems Engineering problem-solving methodology to frame how each answer impacts the planet when multiple actions are strung together no matter where they take place. Systems Engineering: Influencing Our Planet and Reengineering Our Actions illustrates a hierarchical Systems Engineering view of the world with each individual in mind as a link in the chain. It uses an Industrial Engineering framework for action implementations and identifies humans’ interconnected actions. The book discusses the implementation of the Systems Engineering problem-solving methodology and leverages existing concepts of environmental sustainability. A template is present for personal actions for environment social responsibility using a Systems Engineering problem-solving approach and focuses on the foundational use of the trademarked DEJI Systems Model® for action design, evaluation, justification, and integration. This book is a perfect read for all academic disciplines and all engineering fields, as well as business and management fields. It reminds us of the Environmental Foundation of NAE’s 14 Grand Challenges and the part we can play.
Systems Engineering: Influencing Our Planet and Reengineering Our Actions (Systems Innovation Book Series)
by Adedeji B. BadiruPeople want to create a better world and planet; however, where, and how to start remains the question. Systems Engineering’s problem-solving methodology can help with its ability to answer multiple questions along with connecting actions and impacts. This book uses the Systems Engineering problem-solving methodology to frame how each answer impacts the planet when multiple actions are strung together no matter where they take place. Systems Engineering: Influencing Our Planet and Reengineering Our Actions illustrates a hierarchical Systems Engineering view of the world with each individual in mind as a link in the chain. It uses an Industrial Engineering framework for action implementations and identifies humans’ interconnected actions. The book discusses the implementation of the Systems Engineering problem-solving methodology and leverages existing concepts of environmental sustainability. A template is present for personal actions for environment social responsibility using a Systems Engineering problem-solving approach and focuses on the foundational use of the trademarked DEJI Systems Model® for action design, evaluation, justification, and integration. This book is a perfect read for all academic disciplines and all engineering fields, as well as business and management fields. It reminds us of the Environmental Foundation of NAE’s 14 Grand Challenges and the part we can play.
Sustainable Tunneling and Underground Use: Proceedings of the 2nd GeoMEast International Congress and Exhibition on Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, Egypt 2018 – The Official International Congress of the Soil-Structure Interaction Group in Egypt (SSIGE) (Sustainable Civil Infrastructures)
by Mona Badr Ayman LotfyThis volume comprises a set of high-quality, refereed papers that address the different aspects related to the geotechnical and structural design and construction of deep excavations, tunnels and underground space facilities as well as the effect of their construction on the surroundings. The papers cover planning, design, modeling, monitoring and construction aspects of these essential structures. The utilization of underground space using tunneling and deep excavations has become much needed to support the increasing needs of urban environments and to allow for functional extensions and sustainable developments in heavily congested areas. Recently, more utilities and transportation transit systems have been relocated underground because of scarcity of surface space. The growing interest in the use of underground space has necessitated commensurate advancements in related fields (geotechnical engineering, engineering geology and structural engineering), design tools, construction techniques and analytical and interpretation methods. The volume is based on the best contributions to the 2nd GeoMEast International Congress and Exhibition on Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, Egypt 2018 – The official international congress of the Soil-Structure Interaction Group in Egypt (SSIGE).
Water, Energy & Food Sustainability in the Middle East: The Sustainability Triangle
by Adnan Badran Sohail Murad Elias Baydoun Nuhad DaghirThis book provides a survey of technologies available to tackle the problems associated with climate change in the energy, water and food security nexus with a special focus on the Middle East. It is divided into three main sections. The energy Section consists of six chapters, the water section of seven chapters and finally the food security section has six chapters. The individual chapters are authored by experts and provide discussions and in-depth views on the current status of each topic.
Mesh Methods for Boundary-Value Problems and Applications: 13th International Conference, Kazan, Russia, October 20-25, 2020 (Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering #141)
by Ildar B. Badriev Victor Banderov Sergey A. LapinThis book gathers papers presented at the 13th International Conference on Mesh Methods for Boundary-Value Problems and Applications, which was held in Kazan, Russia, in October 2020. The papers address the following topics: the theory of mesh methods for boundary-value problems in mathematical physics; non-linear mathematical models in mechanics and physics; algorithms for solving variational inequalities; computing science; and educational systems. Given its scope, the book is chiefly intended for students in the fields of mathematical modeling science and engineering. However, it will also benefit scientists and graduate students interested in these fields.